The graft polymerization of maleic anhydride (MA) onto preirradiated HDPE powder was studied. FTIR showed the existence of HDPE-graft-MA. The irradiation atmosphere and preirradiation dose have effects on the Percent ...The graft polymerization of maleic anhydride (MA) onto preirradiated HDPE powder was studied. FTIR showed the existence of HDPE-graft-MA. The irradiation atmosphere and preirradiation dose have effects on the Percent graft. A high degree of graft (10% ) was achieved using this process.展开更多
Binary monomers of maleic acid and vinyl acetate are grafted onto poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) powder by pre-irradiation induced graft polymerization technique in emulsion solution. The co-grafting of binary monom...Binary monomers of maleic acid and vinyl acetate are grafted onto poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) powder by pre-irradiation induced graft polymerization technique in emulsion solution. The co-grafting of binary monomers is successfully proved by FT-IR spectroscopy analysis. The influences of the absorbed dose, reaction temperature, reaction time, total concentration of monomers, and feed ratio of binary monomers on the degree of grafting are investigated. The thermal property of grafted PVDF powder was characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermo-gravimetry analysis (TGA).展开更多
A porous monolithic sol-gel column with the solution of methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane in toluene with an acid catalyst was prepared in the presence and absence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. In situ polymerization wa...A porous monolithic sol-gel column with the solution of methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane in toluene with an acid catalyst was prepared in the presence and absence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. In situ polymerization was carded out by γ-ray irradiation within the capillary. The γ-radiation-initiated synthesis could generate radicals directly on the monomer avoiding use of any initiator. The chromatographic behavior of the capillary monolithic columns were studied in the modes of CEC, p-CEC and low pressure-driven separation, all the tests exhibited reversed-phase character. It provided a viable alternative to either thermally initiated or photo polymerization method for the preparation of monolithic columns.展开更多
For cases in which a robot with installed solar cells and a sensor operates in a nuclear reactor building or in space for extravehicular activity, we require elastic and extensible solar cells. More than two different...For cases in which a robot with installed solar cells and a sensor operates in a nuclear reactor building or in space for extravehicular activity, we require elastic and extensible solar cells. More than two different types of sensing are also required, minimally with photovoltaics and built-in electricity. Magnetic compound fluid (MCF) rubber solar cells are made of rubber, so they are elastic and extensible as well as sensitive. To achieve flexibility and an effective photovoltaic effect, MCF rubber solar cells must include both soluble and insoluble rubbers, Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, TiO<sub>2</sub>, Na<sub>2</sub>WO<sub>4</sub>∙2H<sub>2</sub>O, etc. On the basis of this constitution, we propose a consummate fabrication process for MCF rubber solar cells. The characteristics of these cells result from the semiconductor-like role of the molecules of TiO<sub>2</sub>, Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, Ni, Na<sub>2</sub>WO<sub>4</sub>∙2H<sub>2</sub>O, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), natural rubber (NR), oleic acid, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), water and magnetic cluster involved in the MCF rubber. Their tendencies can be deduced by synthesizing knowledge about the enhancement of the reverse-bias saturation current <em>I</em><sub><em>S</em></sub> and the diode ideality factor <em>N</em>, with conventional knowledge about the semiconductor affected by <em>γ</em>-irradiation and the attenuation of the photon energy of <em>γ</em>-rays.展开更多
We have performed sequential studies on new types of soft rubber for their application as artificial skin in robots and haptic sensors. Based on a proposed electrolytic polymerization method and novel adhesion techniq...We have performed sequential studies on new types of soft rubber for their application as artificial skin in robots and haptic sensors. Based on a proposed electrolytic polymerization method and novel adhesion technique for rubber and a metal that utilizes a metal complex hydrate, we have developed an MCF rubber sensor. This sensor uses a magnetic compound fluid (MCF), natural rubber (NR-latex) or chloroprene rubber latex (CR-latex), and requires the application of a magnetic field. The potential application of the developed sensor in various engineering scenarios and our daily lives is significant. In this regard, we investigated the effects of γ-irradiation, infrared radiation, microwaves, and a thermal source on the MCF rubber sensor. We established that the MCF rubber is effective enough to be used for power generation of broadband electro-magnetic waves from γ-rays to microwaves, including the range of the solar spectrum, which is the typical characteristic obtained in the present investigation. The remarkable attribute is that the MCF rubber sensor dose is not degraded by γ-irradiation. We also demonstrated the effectiveness of the MCF rubber sensor in energy harvesting.展开更多
文摘The graft polymerization of maleic anhydride (MA) onto preirradiated HDPE powder was studied. FTIR showed the existence of HDPE-graft-MA. The irradiation atmosphere and preirradiation dose have effects on the Percent graft. A high degree of graft (10% ) was achieved using this process.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (11175234, 11105210)Knowledge Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (KJCX2-YW-N49, XDA02040300)Shanghai Municipal Commission for Science and Technology (10ZR1436700, 11ZR1445400)
文摘Binary monomers of maleic acid and vinyl acetate are grafted onto poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) powder by pre-irradiation induced graft polymerization technique in emulsion solution. The co-grafting of binary monomers is successfully proved by FT-IR spectroscopy analysis. The influences of the absorbed dose, reaction temperature, reaction time, total concentration of monomers, and feed ratio of binary monomers on the degree of grafting are investigated. The thermal property of grafted PVDF powder was characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermo-gravimetry analysis (TGA).
文摘A porous monolithic sol-gel column with the solution of methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane in toluene with an acid catalyst was prepared in the presence and absence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. In situ polymerization was carded out by γ-ray irradiation within the capillary. The γ-radiation-initiated synthesis could generate radicals directly on the monomer avoiding use of any initiator. The chromatographic behavior of the capillary monolithic columns were studied in the modes of CEC, p-CEC and low pressure-driven separation, all the tests exhibited reversed-phase character. It provided a viable alternative to either thermally initiated or photo polymerization method for the preparation of monolithic columns.
文摘For cases in which a robot with installed solar cells and a sensor operates in a nuclear reactor building or in space for extravehicular activity, we require elastic and extensible solar cells. More than two different types of sensing are also required, minimally with photovoltaics and built-in electricity. Magnetic compound fluid (MCF) rubber solar cells are made of rubber, so they are elastic and extensible as well as sensitive. To achieve flexibility and an effective photovoltaic effect, MCF rubber solar cells must include both soluble and insoluble rubbers, Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, TiO<sub>2</sub>, Na<sub>2</sub>WO<sub>4</sub>∙2H<sub>2</sub>O, etc. On the basis of this constitution, we propose a consummate fabrication process for MCF rubber solar cells. The characteristics of these cells result from the semiconductor-like role of the molecules of TiO<sub>2</sub>, Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, Ni, Na<sub>2</sub>WO<sub>4</sub>∙2H<sub>2</sub>O, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), natural rubber (NR), oleic acid, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), water and magnetic cluster involved in the MCF rubber. Their tendencies can be deduced by synthesizing knowledge about the enhancement of the reverse-bias saturation current <em>I</em><sub><em>S</em></sub> and the diode ideality factor <em>N</em>, with conventional knowledge about the semiconductor affected by <em>γ</em>-irradiation and the attenuation of the photon energy of <em>γ</em>-rays.
文摘We have performed sequential studies on new types of soft rubber for their application as artificial skin in robots and haptic sensors. Based on a proposed electrolytic polymerization method and novel adhesion technique for rubber and a metal that utilizes a metal complex hydrate, we have developed an MCF rubber sensor. This sensor uses a magnetic compound fluid (MCF), natural rubber (NR-latex) or chloroprene rubber latex (CR-latex), and requires the application of a magnetic field. The potential application of the developed sensor in various engineering scenarios and our daily lives is significant. In this regard, we investigated the effects of γ-irradiation, infrared radiation, microwaves, and a thermal source on the MCF rubber sensor. We established that the MCF rubber is effective enough to be used for power generation of broadband electro-magnetic waves from γ-rays to microwaves, including the range of the solar spectrum, which is the typical characteristic obtained in the present investigation. The remarkable attribute is that the MCF rubber sensor dose is not degraded by γ-irradiation. We also demonstrated the effectiveness of the MCF rubber sensor in energy harvesting.
