Discussion on the Ideological and Political Education for Poor College Students

At present,ideological and political education is significant for poor college students.The focus of funding for poor students has gradually transformed from providing economic support for them to ideological and spiritual help,which puts forward higher requirements on how to carry out ideological and political work.It also requires us to advance the work of ideological and moral education and put it in the most important position in the ideological and educational work for poor college students.Combined with the reality of poor college students,we will adhere to the idea of being student-oriented and endeavor to enhance the effectiveness,pertinence,and relevance of the work of ideological and political education.This paper analyzes the significance and problems of ideological and political education for poor college students and puts forward effective ways to solve the problems from the levels of ideology,cognition,and teaching staff.

Feedback Mechanism of Employment and Entrepreneurship of Poor College Students from the Perspective of Precision Poverty Alleviation

The employment problem of graduates has become a common problem faced by colleges and universities in the era of postpopularization of higher education. There are many factors that make it difficult for graduates to find jobs, such as the huge number of employees, the quality of graduates, the development of real economy, and the concept of graduates' choosing jobs, but the fundamental reason is the imbalance between supply and demand of talents. It is an important way for colleges and universities to promote full employment of graduates by establishing a feedback mechanism to track the employment of graduates, grasping the changes of poor talents and adjusting the process of talent training accordingly. And through entrepreneurship and employment to improve poverty, to achieve the goal of precise poverty alleviation.

Feedback Mechanism of Employment and Entrepreneurship of Poor College Students from the Perspective of Precision Poverty Alleviation

The employment problem of graduates has become a common problem faced by colleges and universities in the era of postpopularization of higher education. There are many factors that make it difficult for graduates to find jobs, such as the huge number of employees, the quality of graduates, the development of real economy, and the concept of graduates'choosing jobs, but the fundamental reason is the imbalance between supply and demand of talents. It is an important way for colleges and universities to promote full employment of graduates by establishing a feedback mechanism to track the employment of graduates, grasping the changes of poor talents and adjusting the process of talent training accordingly. And through entrepreneurship and employment to improve poverty, to achieve the goal of precise poverty alleviation.

Research on Ways to Improve the Innovative and Entrepreneurial Ability of Poor College Students in Northwest China

Improving the ability of innovation and Entrepreneurship of impoverished college students in local colleges and universities could alleviate employment pressure to a certain extent, solve employment difficulties and help college students realize their self-worth, which are related to social stability and economic development. By using the methods of questionnaire and individual interviews, this paper investigates some of the students who set up files for poverty alleviation in northwest local colleges and universities, and understand the current situation of innovation and Entrepreneurship of poor college students. It is hoped that the ability of innovation and entrepreneurship can be improved by enhancing the awareness of innovation and entrepreneurship, improving the education system, innovating learning mode, building a practical platform and implementing quality management.

Perspectives on Socialization Factors in University Students in the People's Republic of China and the United States

This paper focuses on the socialization factors of undergraduate students that lead to the readiness for education.Factors such as parental socialization,student background characteristics,pre college normative pressures and influences,and non college refernce groups will be helpful in relating to reality of undergraduate students.This information will help both faculty and administrators meet the needs of students by understanding the processes of development and change in their college years.

Clinical Features and Haematological Indices of Neonatal Septicaemia in Poor Resource Setting

Background: The burden of neonatal septicaemia has remained high worldwide and even more severe in the developing countries like ours. Clinical manifestation is variable and non-specific thereby resulting in delay in diagnosis. Blood culture which is the gold standard for diagnosis of neonatal septicaemia (NNS) has many drawbacks due to long waiting time for culture process, low yield, improper inoculation adding to the problem of late diagnosis. Haematological parameters have been utilized in rapid and early diagnosis of NNS and prompt treatment thus circumventing problems associated with drawbacks in blood culture. Objective: The study was to identify the common clinical features of neonatal septicaemia and haematological indices that were commonly utilized in rapid diagnosis of NNS, and also to determine their sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive and negative predictive value. Materials and Methods: The study was prospective and neonates that had clinical features suggestive of neonatal septicaemia were enrolled consecutively into the study. The patients were appropriately investigated including blood cultures, CSF cultures and urine among others, also blood sample for packed cell volume (PCV), total white cell count (TWBC), absolute neutrophil count (ANC), absolute platelet count (APC). Immature to mature neutrophil ratio (I/MNR), immature to total neutrophil ratio (I/TNR) and micro-ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate) was also done and analyzed. Results: The common clinical symptoms were fever 39.5%, poor feeding 33.6%, excessive cry 38.7%, difficulty in breathing 50.0%, yellowish skin 26.9%, while the common physical signs were hyper/hypothermia 41.1%, tachypnoea 41.2%, septic umbilical stump 64.0%, hepatomegally 37.3% and convulsions 42.0%. Blood culture yield was positive in 41.82% and mortality was as high as 28.00%, the incidence of NNS was 5.9/1000 live births. The haematological parameters as marker of NNS PCV, TWBC, ANC, APC, I/MNR, I/TNR and micro-ESR individually were statistically significant (P < 0.05), also their individual sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were highly associated with neonatal septicaemia. However, when they were tested in combinations these markers of neonatal septicaemia had low sensitivity, specificity and their predictive values were weak in excluding NNS. Conclusions: The need for early and rapid diagnosis of NNS is pertinent, culturing of the appropriate specimens remains the only way to identify the aetiological organisms, but is associated with delay. Haematological indices are excellent markers of NNS and analysis is rapid and can easily be done in our laboratory settings, and when utilized efficiently, it would circumvent the delay associated with blood culture for long waiting period for the result, thereby reducing morbidity and mortality.

A Study on the Causes of the Students with Learning Difficulties and the Strategies of Helping them

The number of students with learning difficulties in Colleges and universities is increasing year by year.If the education,guidance or transformation of these students is not correct,it will affect the overall improvement of talent training quality and the growth of students.This paper analyzes the causes of the students with difficulties in learning and puts forward the strategies of helping them.

教育数字化战略引领下大学生数字素养培养多组态路径

文章基于活动理论模型,运用fsQCA方法分析教育数字化战略引领下大学生数字素养培养的多组态路径及不同要素之间的联动匹配关系。研究发现,大学生高数字素养培养包括思维主导型、资源任务型、协同驱动型和内涵自主型4条组态路径,不同前因变量之间存在替代关系;数字化思维和评价反馈机制同时存在于4条组态路径中,表明二者是大学生高数字素养不可或缺的前因条件。在此基础上,从学校、教师、学生3个层面提出大学生数字素养培养策略,即落实国家教育数字化战略,优化校园顶层设计;强化教师职业素养,完善人才培养反馈机制;增强数字道德意识,提升学生数字化思维。

发展型资助模式下高职贫困生的心理精准扶贫工作研究——以江西机电职业技术学院为例

【目的】由于生活及经济负担,高职贫困生容易产生自卑、焦虑甚至抑郁等心理问题,因此解决高职贫困生的心理健康问题是高职院校的重要工作内容。【方法】课题组基于发展型资助的背景,结合高职贫困生的职业生涯规划及角色冲突分析,对高职贫困生进行角色拆分并分析其角色冲突,以心理精准扶贫为目标理念,系统性探讨了对高职贫困生心理精准扶贫的思路。【结果】“受助—自助—助人”的发展型资助路径可以助力高职贫困生逐步成为潜心学习、注重实践、思维创新、专业过硬的高素质人才,实现青春理想与人生价值。【结论】精准扶贫视角下,要想全面、彻底实现高校家庭经济困难学生心理扶贫工作,需要整合家庭、学校、社会等多方面资源,合力构建起家庭、社会、学校一体化资助网络,从而实现高职贫困生的发展型资助,并帮助高职贫困生群体成为关心父母的好子女、爱学习的好学生、爱生活的休闲者以及爱社会的好公民。

高校贫困学生心理健康推进策略研究

高校贫困生作为大学生中的一个特殊群体,他们在经济压力、学业压力和社会期望等方面面临着更多的挑战。这些挑战往往会对他们的心理健康产生负面影响。因此,如何有效地对高校贫困生进行心理健康教育,提高他们的心理健康水平,就成为高校教育者们亟待解决的问题。文章旨在探讨高校贫困生心理健康教育的现状、问题及其影响因素,并提出相应的心理健康促进策略。

上海市青浦区小学生不良饮食行为现状及家庭因素调查

目的了解上海市青浦区小学生的饮食行为现状及家庭相关因素,为本区小学生的健康饮食行为干预提供科学依据。方法采用随机整群抽样的方法,整群抽取青浦区3所小学三、四年级的2个班级,对全部学生及学生家长进行问卷调查。结果小学生就餐时间过快或过慢、食用西式快餐频次>2次/月、喝含糖饮料频次>2次/周、吃油炸食物频次>2次/周的发生率分别为22.4%、8.4%、34.0%和15.5%。随着学生年龄的增长,不良就餐时间的发生率逐渐降低(P<0.05);仅父母作为看护人的小学生不良食用西式快餐行为的发生率低于祖父母辈参与看护的小学生(P<0.05),但不良摄入含糖饮料行为的发生率更高(P<0.05)。小学生无不良饮食行为、仅有1种不良饮食行为、同时有2种及以上不良饮食行为的占比分别为45.0%、35.1%和19.2%。导致小学生不良饮食行为的家长行为发生率较高。结论小学生的不良饮食行为发生率仍然较高。家长应在提高营养知识的同时,在行为上为子女做出榜样,共同养成良好的饮食习惯。

目标承诺对大学生锻炼行为和体质健康的影响研究——基于目标设定理论

目的:基于目标设定理论,考察大学生目标承诺、体育锻炼行为和体质健康之间的关系,为促进大学生体育锻炼、提高其体质健康提供参考。方法:采用《体育活动习惯问卷》《目标承诺量表》和体测成绩调查表对1438名大学生进行调查,试图分析大学生目标承诺与锻炼行为、体质健康之间的相关关系和预测作用。结果:不同性别学生的体育运动指数和体测成绩、不同年级学生的体测成绩都存在显著差异,有无体育锻炼习惯学生的目标承诺水平、体育锻炼行为、体质健康水平存在显著差异,有体育锻炼习惯的学生中不同运动强度的学生的目标承诺水平、体育锻炼行为、体质健康水平存在显著差异;学生的目标承诺水平、体育运动指数、长跑成绩存在显著正相关,据此构建了有效的目标承诺水平、体育运动指数对长跑成绩的有序回归模型。结论:学生的目标承诺水平对大学生体育锻炼行为、体质健康有一定的积极影响,受调查的学生所在高校的课外锻炼管理取得了一定的效果,据此提出高校引导学生设定体育锻炼目标并加以承诺,以及完善学生课外体育锻炼管理内容等促进学生增加体育锻炼行为,提高学生体质健康的建议。

创新高校学生党支部设置方式及运行机制研究

新时代加强大学生党支部建设是高校党建工作的重要内容。从目前高校学生党支部设置方式和运行机制中,分析其优缺点,在遵循党章及党内相关法规的前提下,继承好的做法和经验,创新党支部设置和支部运行形式,通过链条式组织体系,解决学生党支部设置不科学、功能弱化、组织力不强、作用发挥不明显的问题。充分发挥学生党支部在实现立德树人培养目标中的战斗堡垒作用。

寒门子弟的高等教育经历研究——寒门幸运儿和双重贫困生的异质性视角

寒门子弟的高等教育经历表现话题长期存在二元对立的观点。本研究追溯高中教育经历,并分析其与高等教育环境间的连续性,丰富寒门背景对大学生综合表现的影响机制,以示范性普通高中机会获得将寒门子弟区分为寒门幸运儿和双重贫困生两类群体,同时与非寒门子弟在大学期间的学业成就、人际交往和毕业预期去向等高等教育经历方面进行全面比较。结果显示,寒门幸运儿和双重贫困生的学业成绩排名均显著优于非寒门大学生;寒门幸运儿有着不亚于非寒门大学生的人际交往表现,能尽快适应融入高校生活,而双重贫困生对人际交往更可能感到不适应,人际交往能力水平也更低;寒门幸运儿与非寒门大学生的毕业规划类似,即毕业后更可能继续深造,而双重贫困生则更可能直接就业。本研究的结论验证了寒门大学生内部的异质性,并肯定了通过家庭之外的文化资本补偿对寒门子弟突破家庭资本劣势的重要意义。

金华市婺城区3014名小学学生视力不良现状及影响因素

目的:了解金华市婺城区3014名小学学生视力不良现状及影响因素,为采取视力不良干预措施提供参考依据。方法:采用横断面研究,自行设计调查问卷,内容包括一般情况,视力影响因素。视力检测采用国际标准对数视力表,以单因素组间比较有统计学意义的影响因素作为自变量进行多因素Logistic回归分析。结果:共检测出视力不良学生1367名,视力不良率为45.36%,其中轻度视力不良占26.08%,中度视力不良占11.51%,重度视力不良占7.76%。多因素Logistic回归分析,高年级段、父母近视、每天睡眠时间不足、每天使用电子产品及电脑时间过长、读写姿势不正确、每天户外活动时间不足、未做眼保健操是视力不良的危险因素。结论:学生视力不良状况不容乐观,学校应采取增加学生户外活动时间、纠正不良读写姿势、减少电子产品使用时间等措施,改善和预防学生视力不良情况发生。

上海金山区中学生视力不良影响因素分析

目的:了解金山区中学生视力不良现状及影响因素,为制定相关防控措施提供理论依据。方法:采用分层整群随机抽样方法在上海市金山区抽取2所初中、2所高中和1所职高开展学生视力检测和问卷调查,最后纳入视力检查及问卷完整的1238名中学生,其中男生652名,女生586名;初中生518名,高中生478名,职高242名。结果:在1238名中学生中检出视力不良968名,检出率为78.19%。女生的视力不良检出率高于男生,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=14.688,P<0.05),初中生视力不良检出率最低(71.24%),高中生最高(86.19%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=32.761,P<0.05)。多因素分析显示,性别、学段、眼保健操、平均每天放学后做作业时间、读写时眼睛距离书本的距离、老师提醒注意读写姿势、每天睡眠时长和父母近视均是主要影响上海市金山区中学生视力不良的因素(均P<0.05)。结论:上海市金山区中学生视力不良检出率高,与用眼习惯和用眼环境关系紧密,家庭和学校应规范学生用眼行为,加强健康教育,促进学生科学用眼。

乡村振兴背景下大学生返乡意愿提升的组态路径探索

乡村振兴,人才是关键。研究大学生乡村振兴投身意愿的影响因素与提升路径对推动乡村振兴事业持续发展具有重要意义。基于计划行为理论和行为激励理论,通过社会网络分析法和文本挖掘法提取影响大学生乡村振兴投身意愿的关键因素,并以山西省高校大学生为调查对象,通过模糊集定性比较分析方法对影响因素进行组态分析并对组态解开展典型案例分析,以探究提升大学生乡村振兴投身意愿的差异化驱动路径。研究发现:(1)任一影响因素都不能单独作为提升大学生乡村振兴投身意愿的必要条件,大学生乡村振兴投身意愿是多种要素协作的结果;(2)提升大学生乡村振兴投身意愿共存在四种组态路径,分别是“多元协同驱动型”路径、“认知—经验双驱动型”路径、“双重环境型”路径和“保障型”路径;(3)乡村振兴认知、成长环境和社会保障是提升大学生乡村振兴投身意愿的重要条件。