Comprehensive simulation of snow crystal deposition and electric field characteristics of composite sheath improved porcelain cantilever insulator in a wind and snow environment

The installed porcelain insulators on existing railway lines in China are prone to“snow flash”in winter.In order to prevent the occurrence of“snow flash”and improve the reliability of the insulators,a composite-porcelain insulator is designed.A multi-physics coupling simulation model is built based on numerical simulation methods of the electromagnetic field theory and computational fluid dynamics.Taking average electric field intensity on the surface of the insulator as the characteristic parameter of the electric field distortion degree and the snow crystal collision coefficient and distribution coefficient as the characteristic parameter of snow crystal deposition,the characteristics of snow crystal deposition under different wind speeds and wind direction angles and the electric field characteristics under two snow cover types are analyzed.The simulation results show that the average electric field intensity of composite-porcelain insulators is 10.4%and 13.8%,respectively,lower than that of porcelain insulators in vertical and horizontal wind snow covers,which can effectively reduce the degree of electric field distortion.The collision coefficient of snow crystals on the surface of the composite-porcelain insulator sheds is 16.0%higher than that of the porcelain insulator,and the collision coefficient of the trunk and the fittings are lower 20.2%and 11.9%than that of the porcelain insulator.There is almost no change in the distribution coefficient of the insulator sheds.

ON MICROSTRUCTURE AND STRENGTH OF ALUMINIUM-TOUGHENED PORCELAIN INSULATOR

In this paper the relatienship between mi-crostructwtie and strength of alnminiiim-totighed porcelain insu-lator has been investigated .the microstructural characteristic of the porcelain insulator has been put forward. The results shoiu that the main factors that lead to the strength decreasement of aluminium toughened porcelain insulator are pore, fracture,' coarse alumina grain, aluminium agglomerate and bearing fer-ric matter. The technological factors have also been analysed and appropriate measures have been taken.

裂纹和污秽瓷绝缘子的电磁场辐射信号特征(英文)

Porcelain cap and pin insulators are by far the most popular suspension insulators in high voltage(HV) distribution networks all around the world.Inspection and condition monitoring of HV insulators is also very important to the utility companies because of the critical and vital role that they play in distribution systems.In terms of safety, practicality and ease of use,remote detection methods are more popular among the line technicians.A new remote condition assessment method based on electromagnetic radiations from porcelain insulators is presented in this paper. In a lab environment,a string of two porcelain insulators is energized by a 45 kV transformer.Electromagnetic radiations due to the partial discharge activities inside the porcelain insulator are captured by passive sensors and antennas. Two cases of defective insulators on a two insulator string are studied here.The first case focuses on the effect of contaminated porcelain shells on radiation signature of partial discharges.A polluted porcelain shell with ESDD level of 0.03 mg/cm^2 was first tested.The second case studies the effect of cracks of an intentionally-cracked porcelain shell. The cracked insulator is also tested on a two insulator string.To compare the partial discharge radiation signature of different faulty insulators,phase resolved graphs were developed.The electromagnetic radiated signature of a polluted insulator and a cracked insulator was calculated and compared using phase resolved graphs.

750kV变电站瓷绝缘子的均压特性(英文)

Considering the complex environment in 750 kV AC substation,porcelain insulators have particular electric field and voltage distribution in comparison with those used in AC transmission line,meanwhile,the investigation of a typical 750 kV AC substation located in Lanzhou with ultraviolet imager(UVI) demonstrated that the corona discharge of some insulators is serious due to the improper structure design and installation,so research on porcelain insulators used in substation is needed.The three-dimensional finite element method(FEM) 750 kV AC substation calculation model was established to calculate electric field and voltage distribution of insulators,and the voltage distribution curves along insulators which are classified by type and suspension location were obtained using a novel FEM method which can effectively reduce the calculation amount without losing accuracy,meanwhile,the effect of the grading ring for improving voltage distribution of insulators was studied by adjusting the structure parameters of grading ring. Consequently,an optimization structure of rings was proposed by improving the voltage distribution of insulator string and reducing the electric strength of grading ring for the purpose of restricting corona noise,and the onsite observations by UVI showed that the newly manufactured and installed grading ring could obviously avoid the occurrences of corona discharge which validates the optimization design.This paper proposed an effective method combining UVI observation and FEM calculation to study voltage-sharing characteristics of porcelain insulators,and the results can provide experiences and references for the design of 750 kV AC substation.

Simulation of Electric Field Distribution along Insulator Surface in Polluted Environments

In recent years,more than 50%of the cities in the inland area of our country have suffered from moderate pollution.It can affect the distribution of electric field along the surface of insulator and the pollution characteristics of its surface area,even endanger the safe operation of transmission lines.This paper takes the XSP-160 porcelain three umbrella insulator under the action of 0–±30 kV DC voltage as the research object,and establishes the physical model of the insulator;uses COMSOL software to simulate the electric field of the insulator.The comparison with the results of the wind tunnel test of North China Electric Power University verifies the rationality of the simulation method.In view of the medium pollution environment which often occurs in the inland area,the force of the polluted particles deposited on the insulator under 110 kV DC voltage was analyzed.The distribution characteristics of the electric field along the surface in the clean and three kinds of pollution environment(light,medium and heavy)were simulated and compared.The results showed that:1)In the moderate pollution environment,the influence of fluid drag force on the movement of polluted particles is greater at the initial stage(0.28–0.33 s);at the late stage(after 0.33 s),the influence of the electric field force begins to increase,and gradually plays a major role in the process of fouling.2)In the three different polluted environments,the potential along the surface of each umbrella skirt of the insulator increases non-linearly with the increasing of the pollution concentration,and there are apparent potential inflection points near b and l.3)The pollution particle concentration has the most obvious influence on the electric field along the low-voltage umbrella skirt,whose potential distortion rate can be up to 220 times in the heavy polluted environment.

Effects of dynamic deformation of pendant water drops on the electric field between hollow porcelain insulator sheds under extreme rainfall

Hollow porcelain insulators in substations are frequently confronted with rain flashovers under extreme rainfall.This study aims to investigate the spatial and temporal variation of electric fields between hollow porcelain insulator sheds affected by dynamic deformation of pendant water drops and effects of the dimensionless number of fluids,the Weber number(We)and the electric Bond number(BoE),on it for influencing factors'analysis.Flow‐electric field coupling simulations were carried out to compute the magnitude and the position of AC electric fields between the sheds.The results show that the maximum electric field at a point in time(Etmax)increases significantly after the breakup of the pendant water drop,and its position alters accordingly.For low We and BoE,the global maximum electric field(Egmax)increases with increasing We and BoE,respectively.It is much closer to the adjacent sheds and occurs later than Etmax at the breakup of the pendant water drop(Ebmax).By contrast,Egmax decreases in different degrees at high We and BoE,respectively.There is little difference between Egmax and Ebmax in the position and the occurring time.The influence mechanism on the maximum electric field and discharges and the relationship between discharges induced by the pendant water drop and rain flashover are discussed.