Porcelain enamel coatings were widely applied for the protection of steel products because they offered high corrosion protection,resistance to heat and abrasion,high hardness,hygiene and ease of cleaning.The typical ...Porcelain enamel coatings were widely applied for the protection of steel products because they offered high corrosion protection,resistance to heat and abrasion,high hardness,hygiene and ease of cleaning.The typical process to produce enameled steels is roughly divided into two stages:the first stage consists of a forming process to give the desired shape to a steel substrate,and the second stage consists of a firing process to bond enamel frits on the substrate.This firing process requires a high temperature above 800 °C,which may lead to austenitic transformation and severe thermal deformation of the steel substrate.The aim of this study is to develop a finite element analysis (FE analysis) technique to predict the mechanical and thermal deformations of the enameled steels during forming and any further enameling process,including firing.The FE analysis involves analyzing the strain history of the steel substrate,which comprises the stress and thickness distributions of the substrate and its deformed shape,and the high-temperature behavior of the enamel coating layer.The validity of the FE analysis is verified through the U-bending test and firing test with various numbers and positions of enamel coating layers on the substrate.The results reveal that the FE analysis results agree well with the experimental results with 8% error.展开更多
The famous kinds of porcelain produced in Jingdezhen, China, are the blue and white, blue and white rice pattern, famille rose, colourglazed and sculptured porcelains. Their production has a long history of excellent ...The famous kinds of porcelain produced in Jingdezhen, China, are the blue and white, blue and white rice pattern, famille rose, colourglazed and sculptured porcelains. Their production has a long history of excellent workmanship and they are in different styles. Blue and white and blue and white rice pattern porcelains are coated with a layer of underglaze blue fired at a high temperature. However, similar展开更多
The aim of this study was to compare the effects of different porcelain polishing techniques on the color change and surface roughness of feldspathic porcelains and lithium disilicate glass-ceramic system. 80 porcelai...The aim of this study was to compare the effects of different porcelain polishing techniques on the color change and surface roughness of feldspathic porcelains and lithium disilicate glass-ceramic system. 80 porcelain specimens were divided into two subgroups, each subgroup was divided into 4 groups of 10 specimens. Surfaces were polished with different ceramic polishers. VITA Easyshade spectrophotometer was used to measure color differences. Surface roughness was evaluated using a profilometer. The color change and surface roughness of porcelains were statistically analyzed by Two-way ANOVA followed by a Tukey HSD test (α = 05). There were relationships between the porcelain systems and polishing techniques (p 0.05). For △E values, there was relationship between the porcelain systems and polishing techniques (p 0.05). Chairside porcelain polishing systems were not able to provide a porcelain surface as smooth as the glazed surface for the IPS empress and Ceramco 3 porcelains.展开更多
基金Project(NRF-2012R1A5A1048294)supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)Grant funded by the Ministry of Education,Science and Technologythe LG Electronics
文摘Porcelain enamel coatings were widely applied for the protection of steel products because they offered high corrosion protection,resistance to heat and abrasion,high hardness,hygiene and ease of cleaning.The typical process to produce enameled steels is roughly divided into two stages:the first stage consists of a forming process to give the desired shape to a steel substrate,and the second stage consists of a firing process to bond enamel frits on the substrate.This firing process requires a high temperature above 800 °C,which may lead to austenitic transformation and severe thermal deformation of the steel substrate.The aim of this study is to develop a finite element analysis (FE analysis) technique to predict the mechanical and thermal deformations of the enameled steels during forming and any further enameling process,including firing.The FE analysis involves analyzing the strain history of the steel substrate,which comprises the stress and thickness distributions of the substrate and its deformed shape,and the high-temperature behavior of the enamel coating layer.The validity of the FE analysis is verified through the U-bending test and firing test with various numbers and positions of enamel coating layers on the substrate.The results reveal that the FE analysis results agree well with the experimental results with 8% error.
文摘The famous kinds of porcelain produced in Jingdezhen, China, are the blue and white, blue and white rice pattern, famille rose, colourglazed and sculptured porcelains. Their production has a long history of excellent workmanship and they are in different styles. Blue and white and blue and white rice pattern porcelains are coated with a layer of underglaze blue fired at a high temperature. However, similar
基金This study was supported by the Mustafa Kemal Univer-sity Scientific Research Section
文摘The aim of this study was to compare the effects of different porcelain polishing techniques on the color change and surface roughness of feldspathic porcelains and lithium disilicate glass-ceramic system. 80 porcelain specimens were divided into two subgroups, each subgroup was divided into 4 groups of 10 specimens. Surfaces were polished with different ceramic polishers. VITA Easyshade spectrophotometer was used to measure color differences. Surface roughness was evaluated using a profilometer. The color change and surface roughness of porcelains were statistically analyzed by Two-way ANOVA followed by a Tukey HSD test (α = 05). There were relationships between the porcelain systems and polishing techniques (p 0.05). For △E values, there was relationship between the porcelain systems and polishing techniques (p 0.05). Chairside porcelain polishing systems were not able to provide a porcelain surface as smooth as the glazed surface for the IPS empress and Ceramco 3 porcelains.
基金National Key Research and Development Project during the 14th Five-year Plan Period(2023YFF0905800)Science and Technology Program of Jiangxi Provincial Education Department(GJJ160879)。
