Eco-environmental Risk Assessment on Port Area:Taking Yangpu Port Area for Example

The environment in port area is a regional environment including marine ecological environment,land bio-environment and interlaced zone environment between them.Taking Yangpu port area for example,based on analyzing changes of risk factors(such as hydrodynamic condition and pollutant emission increment) caused by port area construction,the risks of various risk factors to aquatic ecology,terrene ecology and mangrove wetland ecosystem were studied so as to provide evidence for the planning and construction of port area and the comprehensive management of marine environment and coastal zone.

Modelling the Resonance of Infragravity Waves in Port Areas

This paper deals with linear refraction-difractional and nonlinear dispersion mathematical models for simulation of low-frequency waves in port areas of various configurations. The phenomenon of resonance can be observed in multiple places and pose a significant danger for ships and constructions. Generally, if the bottom relief is non-uniform and if inner/outer boundaries of protected areas are configurated in a complex way, the problem can be solved only by numerical methods. It presents the calculation results for the amplitude of infragravity waves at resonance frequencies. The paper highlights the solutions for diminishing the amplitude of resonance water fluctuations in port areas. In particular, it is noted that if a number of certain conditions is provided outside the protected area, it is possible to diminish substantially the height of infragravity waves inside the area. The validity of such an assumption is confirmed by calculations.

Ecology, Distribution and Risk of Transmission of Viral Haemorrhagic Fevers by Aedes Mosquitoes around the Port Areas of Tema in Southern Ghana

Aedes-borne diseases remain a public health challenge for many countries globally. The extent of spread of invasive species of Aedes mosquitoes and risk of transmission of the diseases especially around the point of entry of goods such as ports is not well known in Ghana. This study investigated the ecology, distribution and risk of transmission of viral haemorrhagic fevers by Aedes mosquitoes around the port areas of Tema, Southern Ghana. The mosquitoes from this study were collected using human landing catches, ovitraps and larval collections for a period of six months. A total of 1092 containers were inspected in both seasons and of these, 237 (21.7%) were positive for mosquito larvae or pupae in rainy season while 181 (16.6%) were positive in dry season. A total of 6498 mosquitoes were collected and identified morphologically using taxonomic keys. 6038 (92.9%) were Aedes aegypti, 337 (5.2%) were Culex spp. and 123 (1.9%) were Anopheles gambiae. The Ae. aegypti larvae were found breeding in a series of water-holding containers which included disposed plastic containers, earthenware pots, car tyres, plastic barrels, plastic basins, buckets, metal drums, jerrycans and poly tank. A high proportion of Aedes aegypti eggs were found in the ovitraps during the rainy season than in the dry season in the study sites. Ae. aegypti was the most common mosquitoes biting mostly outdoors (65.6%) with more bites occurring in the rainy season (63.6%) in the two residential sites (Tema Community One and Tema New Town). The risk of transmission of viral haemorrhagic fever in the study sites was assessed using House Index, Container Index, Breteau Index and was found to be higher in Tema New town area with seasonal variations within the sites. The man-vector contact rates for the two residential sites were also found to be higher in rainy season than the dry season. These observations indicate that the risk of transmission of viral haemorrhagic fevers in the study areas is high especially in the rainy season. The implications of the findings in the formulation of future vector control programmes around the port areas in the country are discussed in the paper.

Frequent and prolonged nocturnal occupation of port areas by Yangtze finless porpoises (Neophocaena asiaeorientalis): Forced choice for feeding?

During the Yangtze Freshwater Dolphin Expedition 2012,Yangtze finless porpoises(Neophocaena asiaeorientalis)were acoustically monitored in 9 port areas at night.During 6566 min of nocturnal monitoring,porpoise sonar was detected for 488 min(7.43%of the total time).Of all 81 encounters,the longest echolocation span obtained was 102.9 min,suggesting frequent and prolonged porpoise occupation of the port areas.A combined total of 2091 click trains were recorded,with 129(6.2%)containing minimum inter-click intervals(ICIs)below 10 ms(termed a buzz).Buzzes with a decrease in ICIs and search and approach phases that resembled feeding echolocation signals accounted for 44.2%(N=52)of all buzzes.Buzzes with an increase in ICIs,suggesting a mirrored prey capture phase,accounted for 20.2%(N=26)and could reflect attempts to locate escaped prey because they were followed by approach-phase feeding buzzes.Anecdotal evidence of porpoises fleeing the proximity of vessels was observed.The recordings indicating clusters of porpoises feeding near the port areas suggest a forced choice for feeding due to the relatively higher prey availability in the port areas compared to other areas in the Yangtze River that are probably overfished.

Robotic cholecystectomy with new port sites

AIM:To introduce robotic cholecystectomy(RC) using new port sites on the low abdominal area.METHODS:From June 2010 to June 2011,a total of 178 RCs were performed at Ajou University Medical Center.We prospectively collected the set-up time(working time and docking time) and console time in all robotic procedures.RESULTS:Eighty-three patients were male and 95 female;the age ranged from 18 to 72 years of age(mean 54.6 ± 15.0 years).All robotic procedures were successfully completed.The mean operation time was 52.4 ± 17.1 min.The set-up time and console time were 11.9 ± 5.4 min(5-43 min) and 15.1 ± 8.0 min(4-50 min),respectively.The conversion rate to laparoscopic or open procedures was zero.The complication rate was 0.6%(n = 1,bleeding).There was no bile duct injury or mortality.The mean hospital stay was 1.4 ± 1.1 d.There was a significant correlation between the console time and white blood cell count(r = 0.033,P = 0.015).In addition,the higher the white blood cell count(more than 10000),the longer the console time.CONCLUSION:Robotic cholecystectomy using new port sites on the low abdominal area can be safely and efficiently performed,with sufficient patient satisfaction.

“近零碳”目标下港区多能互补标准体系研究

利用多能互补技术推动能源结构调整是实现港口绿色低碳发展的有效手段。本研究以国内主要沿海港口为对象,聚焦港区建设、运营、管理等环节开展多能互补技术标准研究,基于系统工程学方法构建港区多能互补标准体系,利用港区承载的可再生能源自然禀赋与清洁能源应用,通过多能互补技术的能源结构优化减少交通运输行业碳排放,推动双碳目标实现。

湿润烧伤膏在儿童大面积鲜红斑痣激光治疗创面修复中的应用

目的观察湿润烧伤膏联合脉冲染料激光对提升儿童大面积鲜红斑痣整体治疗效果的影响,以期指导临床相关疾病治疗。方法本文为随机对照试验,研究对象选自2022年1月至2022年9月湖南省人民医院收治60例大面积鲜红斑痣患儿,采用随机数字表法将其分为两组,各30例。对照组男童12例,女童18例,年龄(6.25±1.02)岁;试验组男童10例,女童20例,年龄(6.35±1.05)岁。对照组采取595 nm脉冲染料激光治疗联合常规抗炎软膏护理创面,试验组采取595 nm脉冲染料激光联合湿润烧伤膏护理创面。对比两组治疗效果、红痣瘢痕消退程度[采用温哥华瘢痕量表(VSS)评估]、疼痛程度(采用国际数字疼痛分级标准评估)、不良反应。采用t检验、χ^(2)检验、秩和检验。结果试验组治疗总有效率高于对照组[96.67%(29/30)比70.00%(21/30)],差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=7.680,P<0.05)。治疗结束时,试验组红痣瘢痕消退程度(VSS评分)低于对照组[(1.25±0.85)分比(4.02±1.12)分],差异有统计学意义(t=10.791,P<0.05);治疗结束时,试验组疼痛程度低于对照组[(1.02±0.25)比(3.02±0.52)],差异有统计学意义(t=18.986,P<0.05)。试验组不良反应总发生率低于对照组[10.00%(3/30)比43.33%(13/30)],差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=8.523,P<0.05)。结论595 nm脉冲染料激光联合湿润烧伤膏可显著提高儿童大面积鲜红斑痣的治疗效果,利于红痣瘢痕消退,改善疼痛程度,提升患儿治疗过程中的舒适度,且安全可靠。

企业更替耦合土地发展的城市更新策略——以广州海丝城为例

基于企业发展与土地整备来推动城市空间有效更新是重要的实践和学术议题。研究基于“问题—对策”的分析框架,以广州海丝城为研究范围,利用ArcGIS和营商主体大数据分析技术,对企业更替状况、行业发展趋势和土地资源配置进行量化分析。研究发现:区域内在业企业年龄结构较年轻,但整体企业生命周期与土地供地期限不匹配;诸如数字经济试验区和开发区等政策型区域的企业迭代趋势显著;总部经济的集聚对区域发展产生多重外溢效应;用地空间破碎和国有集体权属混杂使城市更新的难度加剧。基于企业和土地数据的分析模型,提出基于企业生命周期灵活化土地出让、构建总部生态圈、鼓励土地混合利用和建立差异化土地供应机制等城市临港区域更新策略。

Ecological Planning of Spartina alterniflora Invaded Tideland Based on Mechanical Mowing and Hydraulic Reclamation: A Case Study of Xihu Port in Xiangshan County

Spartina alterniflora is a major invasive plant in the coastal tideland of China that has serious negative impact on local economy and ecology.This paper took Hugang New Town in Xiangshan County,Zhejiang Province for example,concluded the method of controlling S.alterniflora by integrating mechanical mowing and hydraulic reclamation in view of the threatening expansion of this species and serious land shortage in the local area.Moreover,it explored the ecological planning method of reclamation area based on this method.In view of the ecological sensitivity of the reclamation area,urban ecological planning concept was introduced into both processes of the development:penetrative reclamation and urban planning.The reclamation project has to meet such requirements as site selection,scope,water surface ratio etc.,the planning ensures the ecological sustainability in functional orientation,spatial structure,green space system and development intensity.

北海港铁山港区疏浚膨胀土的处治和利用

铁山港区7^(#)~10^(#)泊位建设中产生大量以白泥为主的疏浚物。利用白泥作为回填料可以节省弃土处理费用和后方陆域回填费用。但白泥具有膨胀土特性,使用不当会对工程质量造成不利影响。本文根据室内试验和典型施工的结果,对白泥的回填高程及改良方法、改良土的填筑性能和强夯适用性等提出建议,对铁山港区合理使用白泥作为回填料以及后续的加固处理具有一定指导意义。

大连港片区工业遗产“触媒式”更新设计研究

港口工业遗产是沿海城市工业文明发展的承载体,见证着城市发展的变迁。对于那些曾经发挥过重大作用,现如今逐渐走向衰落的港口工业遗产,如何进行保护再利用并且创新它们的功能形式,引领整个片区的新发展,是当下亟待解决的问题。文章以大连港片区的工业遗产现状调研和问题分析为基础,在片区更新设计中引入触媒理论,从功能触媒、文化触媒、交通触媒、生态触媒四个层面入手,通过植入特定的触媒元素,让触媒元素间发生化学反应,进而改变周边其他元素,促进片区的渐进性更新发展,为同类型的港口片区工业遗产更新设计提供有益参考。

北部湾港平陆运河江海联运方案研究

平陆运河始于西江航运干线中上游的西津枢纽水库支流平塘江口,终于北部湾港,是优化提升全国水运网络、加快建设国家综合立体交通网的联网工程,是建设西部陆海新通道、加快建设交通强国的标志性工程。根据《国家综合立体交通网规划纲要》部署,北部湾港总体规划正在编制,需要统筹考虑平陆运河江海联运枢纽空间布局和平面布置方案。综合考虑平陆运河江海联运量、北部湾港各港区建港条件和资源容量,以及既有港口资源利用情况,按照“就近转运、用足存量”的原则,因地制宜提出分货类的江海联运枢纽布局,制定了大小泊位能力匹配、运输组织高效的平面布置方案,同时也提出明确防城港域航区划分、研究开通防城港水运疏港通道(皇城坳运河)、有序推进现状码头升级改造等建议,为平陆运河建设投产后江海联运平稳运行提供技术支撑。

港口工程吹填区悬挂式防渗墙施工技术

为探究港口工程吹填区悬挂式防渗墙施工技术,以沙特某港口工程为工程背景。首先对悬挂式防渗墙进行了设计,并综合考虑防渗墙混凝土材料以及渗流稳定情况,对悬挂式防渗墙设计进行优化。其次对悬挂式防渗墙关键施工技术进行了详细研究和论述,结合该港口工程主要施工步骤,对施工重难点进行了分析,并提出了有针对性的控制措施。

粤港澳大湾区陆路口岸旅客通关模式优化研究

陆路口岸是粤港澳大湾区要素跨境流动的重要通道,承担着服务港澳融入国家发展大局的重要使命。在粤港澳大湾区建设深入推进的背景下,陆路口岸旅客通关便利化改革重要且迫切。本研究在分析粤港澳陆路口岸旅客通关模式的现状及面临问题的基础上,借鉴国外跨境口岸旅客通关模式的先进经验,结合实际情况,创新性地提出陆路口岸旅客通关模式优化的目标和系统性创新方案,以期为粤港澳大湾区提升口岸通关便利化水平、推动要素自由流动提供借鉴。

阳江闸坡世界级渔港水域布置设计要点

渔港作为发展海洋经济的重要基础设施,其建设缺少完善的标准文件,同时渔港锚泊水域及码头作业条件相较于一般港口工程更为严格,因此渔港水域布置方案对后期的顺畅运营具有重大影响。结合实际工程案例、规范、地方规划及标准总结渔港防波堤、码头及锚泊水域建设标准,并以阳江闸坡世界级渔港为例归纳渔港建设设计思路;依据当地波浪观测资料分析渔港作业特点,在总体规划方案的基础上提出近期忽略掩护频率较低的偏北向浪的实施方案,以节省工程投资,并结合波浪数学模型和整体物理模型等试验对水域布置进行验证和优化。

台风天气下通州湾港区附近海域风暴增水分布研究

为规划通州湾港区建设,考虑极端天气下海域风暴增水的影响。以Holland台风模型和ERA5再分析气象资料作为驱动,基于Delft3D模型与ADCIRC模型构建大小嵌套的风暴潮数学模型。根据移行路径对1945—2021年间影响通州湾海域的台风进行科学分类,包括北侧掠过型、东侧掠过型、南侧掠过型、西侧掠过型和直接穿过型,每类选取3场典型台风,复演选取的15场典型台风过程,计算分析极端天气下通州湾港区海域的风暴增水分布特征。研究结果表明:通州湾港区附近海域在台风风暴极端天气下最大增水为0.5~1.0 m,以大洋港深槽、冷家沙外侧水道为中心往外海逐渐减小,南侧掠过型台风期间出现风暴增水极大值。通州湾增水大小与台风风场引起的风暴流场时空变化直接相关。

宁波舟山港中部海域船舶通过能力适应性分析

宁波舟山港中部海域四面岛屿环抱,船舶只能通过几处航门进出。东侧的灌门和龟山航门船舶通航潮流条件、南侧的金塘大桥和西堠门大桥最大通航船型限定均较严格。通过对灌门和龟山航门水域的潮流观测,设定船舶依次排队通过工况对2处航门的航道通过能力进行分析,并对金塘和西堠门大桥的通航尺度和现行规范进行适应性分析,研究净空尺度起算面、船舶水线以上高度、桥梁坡度和挠度、桥梁净高和过路船舶水线以上最大高度实时测量系统。结果表明,灌门和龟山航门的通过能力与中部海域港口规划发展相适应。宜建立大型船舶过桥动态审批制度,从而起到释放水域岸线发展潜力的效果。

莲花洲港不同涵养区域底栖动物群落短期变化研究

为了解生态涵养区不同区域底栖动物随着时间的变化情况,2019年10月、2020年11月、2021年10月在东流水道莲花洲港对底栖动物群落结构进行了研究。结果显示:总体水平上底栖动物种类逐年增加;底栖动物密度、生物量、丰富度指数(D)、多样性指数(H′)、均匀度指数(J)均呈现逐年上升的趋势。从不同区域来看,透水框架区底栖动物物种类数增加,鱼巢排区物种种类数先降低后稳定,其他区域物种数呈现先降低后升高的趋势;鱼巢排区密度、透水框架区底栖动物密度和生物量,其他区域生物量均呈现逐年上升的趋势;鱼巢排区、其他区域底栖动物丰富度指数(D)、多样性指数(H′)、均匀度指数(J)均呈现逐年上升的趋势;透水框架区多样性指数(H′)、均匀度指数(J)呈现逐年上升的趋势,2021年丰富度指数(D)相对于2020年略微下降,但远大于2019年水平。研究结果表明,生态涵养区营造的水体环境促进了底栖动物的生存繁殖,且随着年份的增加,底栖动物种类、密度和生物量、多样性变化指数呈现逐渐上升的趋势。

港区粮食筒仓除尘系统创新设计及应用

本文介绍了某港区16万吨粮食筒仓配套的除尘系统创新设计及应用情况,主要包括除尘工艺创新,除尘风量确定,节能、防爆、防腐设计等内容。

港区多能源融合综合管控系统

在“碳达峰”、“碳中和”背景下,港区节能减排已迫在眉睫。若能充分利用港区本地的风、光等可再生能源为港区提供能源,可以从源头降低碳排放,助力港区“碳达峰”“碳中和”目标的实现。但新能源出力的不确定性为系统运行的经济性、安全性带来挑战,故需要对多种能源进行综合管控。文中主要针对某港区风力发电系统、光伏发电系统、储能系统、港区氢气的制、注、储、供一体化系统所构成的多能源融合系统,进行能量综合管控系统的设计。该系统整体分为5层架构,硬件上分控制区和管理区,可满足安全防护要求;功能上可协同调控风光发电、储能、制氢、氢燃料电池发电、港区用电、船岸用电等多个子系统,在保持多能融合系统稳定运行的同时最大化经济效益。