Since the 1960＇s, hundreds of articles have been published on the effects of exercise on cognition and more recently on executive functions. A large variety of effects have been observed： acute or long-lasting, faci...Since the 1960＇s, hundreds of articles have been published on the effects of exercise on cognition and more recently on executive functions. A large variety of effects have been observed： acute or long-lasting, facilitating or debilitating. Several theoretical frameworks have been proposed to explain these effects with plausible mechanisms. However, as yet none of these models has succeeded in unifying all the observations in a single framework that subsumes all effects. The aim of the present review is to revisit the strength model of self-control initiated by Baumeister and his colleagues in the 1990＇s in order to extend its assumptions to exercise psychology. This model provides a heuristic framework that can explain and predict the effects of acute and chronic exercise on effortful tasks tapping self-regulation or executive functions. A reconsideration of exercise as a self-control task results from this perspective. A new avenue for future research is delineated besides more traditional approaches.展开更多
Automatically allocation of more attention to negative stimuli is called emotional negativity bias.An event-related potentials(ERPs) experiment investigated whether or not this bias was altered by positive mood arousa...Automatically allocation of more attention to negative stimuli is called emotional negativity bias.An event-related potentials(ERPs) experiment investigated whether or not this bias was altered by positive mood arousal.The results suggested that the attention bias towards negative stimuli was attenuated when positive information was accessible.展开更多
基金supported by grant from the French National Research Agency (ANR-12-MALZ-005-01)
文摘Since the 1960＇s, hundreds of articles have been published on the effects of exercise on cognition and more recently on executive functions. A large variety of effects have been observed： acute or long-lasting, facilitating or debilitating. Several theoretical frameworks have been proposed to explain these effects with plausible mechanisms. However, as yet none of these models has succeeded in unifying all the observations in a single framework that subsumes all effects. The aim of the present review is to revisit the strength model of self-control initiated by Baumeister and his colleagues in the 1990＇s in order to extend its assumptions to exercise psychology. This model provides a heuristic framework that can explain and predict the effects of acute and chronic exercise on effortful tasks tapping self-regulation or executive functions. A reconsideration of exercise as a self-control task results from this perspective. A new avenue for future research is delineated besides more traditional approaches.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (30930031)National Key Technologies R&D Program (2009BAI77B01)+2 种基金Ministry of Education (PCSIRT,IRT0710)National High-Tech Research and Development Program of China (2008AA021204)Key Laboratory of Mental Health,Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘Automatically allocation of more attention to negative stimuli is called emotional negativity bias.An event-related potentials(ERPs) experiment investigated whether or not this bias was altered by positive mood arousal.The results suggested that the attention bias towards negative stimuli was attenuated when positive information was accessible.
