Improved Unit Commitment with Accurate Dynamic Scenarios Clustering Based on Multi-Parametric Programming and Benders Decomposition

Stochastic unit commitment is one of the most powerful methods to address uncertainty. However, the existingscenario clustering technique for stochastic unit commitment cannot accurately select representative scenarios,which threatens the robustness of stochastic unit commitment and hinders its application. This paper providesa stochastic unit commitment with dynamic scenario clustering based on multi-parametric programming andBenders decomposition. The stochastic unit commitment is solved via the Benders decomposition, which decouplesthe primal problem into the master problem and two types of subproblems. In the master problem, the committedgenerator is determined, while the feasibility and optimality of generator output are checked in these twosubproblems. Scenarios are dynamically clustered during the subproblem solution process through the multiparametric programming with respect to the solution of the master problem. In other words, multiple scenariosare clustered into several representative scenarios after the subproblem is solved, and the Benders cut obtainedby the representative scenario is generated for the master problem. Different from the conventional stochasticunit commitment, the proposed approach integrates scenario clustering into the Benders decomposition solutionprocess. Such a clustering approach could accurately cluster representative scenarios that have impacts on theunit commitment. The proposed method is tested on a 6-bus system and the modified IEEE 118-bus system.Numerical results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in clustering scenarios. Compared withthe conventional clustering method, the proposed method can accurately select representative scenarios whilemitigating computational burden, thus guaranteeing the robustness of unit commitment.

Management Practices:Shaping Employee Satisfaction and Commitment in Large German Companies

The rapid evolution of the political,economic,and social landscape has generated increased interest in understanding the contextual application of management styles and behaviours toward employees.In this context,organizations must comprehend and assess employee satisfaction to enhance productivity and realize their strategic and economic goals.Therefore,this study aims to investigate the prevailing and significant management behaviours toward employees in large German companies and their impact on employee satisfaction and job commitment.To achieve the research objective,the study will employ a qualitative method to explore management behaviours toward employees.Data were collected through interviews with randomly selected managers from different companies and departments.The study aims to uncover discrepancies or variations in employee expectations regarding management behaviour.The findings will provide a better understanding of the most prevalent and significant management behaviours toward employees in large German companies and their impact on employee satisfaction and job commitment.The results will be valuable to management in adopting suitable leadership styles and improving employee satisfaction,leading to increased productivity and organizational performance.The research will contribute to the existing body of knowledge in the field of management and human resource management by providing insights into the impact of management behaviours on employees.It will also offer recommendations to management on how to enhance employee satisfaction and job commitment,leading to improved organizational performance.In conclusion,this study will investigate the prevailing management behaviours toward employees in large German companies and their impact on employee satisfaction and job commitment.

Nurses'critical thinking disposition and professional commitment:a cross-sectional study

Objective:High-quality and successful nursing care delivery in a variety of situations requires critical thinking training and professional commitment.The present study aimed to investigate critical thinking disposition,professional commitment,and the relationship between these 2 variables among nurses.Methods:As a result of stratified random sampling,201 nurses were enrolled in the present cross-sectional study.Data were gathered using a socio-demographic form,the Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory(CTDI),and the Nurses'Professional Commitment Scale(NPCS).Results:Although the critical thinking disposition scores were at a moderate level(115.70±13.55),the mean score for professional commitment was high(91.37±11.77).A positive correlation was found between critical thinking disposition and professional commitment(r=0.67,P=0.001).Conclusions:Nursing managers are urged to employ strategies to enhance nurses'critical thinking disposition and professional commitment.

Analysis of Ornidazole Injection in Clinical Use at Post-marketing Stage by Centralized Hospital Monitoring System

This study aims to analyze the clinical use of ornidazole injection at the post-marketing stage by centralized hospital monitoring system method,and investigate its widespread use in patients,in order to regulate and guide the rational drug use,improve the drug specificity and provide a basis for drug therapy.The study adopts a prospective,multi-center,large sample size,centralized hospital monitoring system.We selected five leading hospitals in Hubei province,and observed the inpatients who received the ornidazole injection from July 1,2015 to October 31,2015.The basic information of patients was recorded,as well as the drug use and adverse events.The statistical analysis was performed based on these data.A total of 4396 individuals were enrolled in this study,most of them were middle-aged female patients and the ornidazole injection was mainly used as prophylactic prior to surgery to prevent the infections,and surgical treatment of anaerobic infections,abdominal infections and pelvic infections.The irrational drug use existed mainly in the prescribing and administration process,including unreasonable dosing frequency,rapid intravenous drip speed and extended duration of drug use.Eleven cases of adverse reactions were collected during the monitoring,incidence rate of adverse reactions was 2.5‰;adverse drug reactions occurred within 30 min.The study results fully reflected the usage of ornidazole injection in the real world.Based on the study,we calculated the adverse reaction incidence of ornidazole and identified the risk factors which may affect the safety of ornidazole injection.Study results strongly recommend that the manufacturers should publish standards for inpatient use and doctors should prescribe with caution accordingly.

WTO’S understanding on commitments in financial services

Participants in the Uruguay Hound have been enabled to take on specific commitments with respect to financial services under the General Agreement on Trade in Services (hereinafter referred to as the "Agreement") on the basis of an alternative approach to that covered by the provisions of Part Ⅲ of the Agreement. It was agreed that this approach could be applied subject to the following understanding: (i) it does not conflict with the provisions of the Agreement; (ii) it does not prejudice the right of ...

Safety and Efficacy of Combination Therapy with Insulin Glargine and Oral Hypoglycaemic Agents Including DPP-4 Inhibitors in Japanese T2DM Patients: ALOHA 2 Study, a Post-Marketing Surveillance for Lantus^®

Aims: In the Add-on Lantus®?to Oral Hypoglycaemic Agents 2 (ALOHA 2) Study in Japanese adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), data on the safety and efficacy of combination therapy with insulin glargine (Lantus®) and oral anti-hyperglycaemic drugs (OADs) including dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors in a real-life setting were collected and analyzed. Methods: This postmarketing surveillance was a prospective, observational, 24-week study that complied with the pharmaceutical affairs law and the ministerial ordinance of “Good Post-Marketing Study Practice (GPSP)” in Japan. Safety, efficacy and patient-reported outcomes (PROs);patients’ satisfaction with treatment (DTSQs and DTSQc) and patients’ self-reported health (EQ-5D and EQ-VAS) of combination therapy of insulin glargine and OADs were evaluated. Results: A total of 2,630 patients were enrolled. Of the 2,602 patients in the safety analysis population, 161 patients experienced 175 cases of adverse drug reactions, and the major adverse drug reaction was hypoglycaemia (140 patients, 5.38%). Out of those with hypoglycaemia, 11 patients (0.42%) had severe hypoglycaemia and the incidence rate (episodes per patient-year) was 0.019. Basal supported oral therapy (BOT) with insulin glargine substantially reduced the HbA1c, FPG and 2 hour-PPG levels for 24 weeks by -1.61%, -54.4 mg/dL and -74.5 mg/dL respectively. The mean weight was increased, however the change was +0.50 kg. In addition, the treatment satisfaction scores of DTSQs (mean treatment satisfaction score increased 3.6 from baseline to last observation) and DTSQc, EQ-5D index scores and EQ-VAS scores were significantly improved. Conclusion: Insulin glargine and OADs combination therapy was suggested to be effective and well tolerated. Patients’ satisfaction with treatment and their self-reported health improved in spite of the addition of injections to oral agents. The combination therapy of insulin glargine and OADs including DPP-4 inhibitors is likely to be considered an important therapeutic option in the diabetic patients.

Differences on Information Commitments in Consumption Domain

Information commitments are a profile of evaluative standards and information searching strategies on the Internet.The purpose of this study is to examine the reliability and validity of the information commitments instrument in consumption domain,and differences among scales underlying the instrument.A total of 258 university students participated in the survey who have experiences in online shopping.Using confirmatory factor analysis technical,this study has identified valid measures for each construct underlying information commitments in consumptions domain.The results indicate that participants preferred to utilize“content”to judge the usefulness of the information,and use“multiple sources”to evaluate the correctness of information,that they oriented to use search strategy“elaboration”in verifying online consumption information.Gender differences are also revealed on standard of the“multiple sources”and the“content”.

Making Commitments

Against the background of COP17 in Durban,South Africa in November,which some are already calling"Africa’s COP,"now more than ever it is imperative that Africa begins to speak with one voice.It is only with one loud and very persistent voice that Africa can hope to influence any global agreement that materializes from this climate change conference-an agreement that must address development on the continent and poverty reduction plans.And clearly that plan needs follow-

Effects of Internet-Based Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (IACT) on Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Objectives:This study reviewed published randomized controlled trials(RCTs)and evaluated the efficacy of internet-based acceptance and commitment therapy(IACT)on adolescent mental health.Methods:Searches were conducted in PubMed,ProQuest,APA(PsycNET/PsycINFO),and Web of Science from inception to Jan-uary 2022 to identify RCTs evaluating the effects of IACT on adolescents.The included studies were assessed for quality and risk of bias.This study was performed using the standard mean difference and associated 95%confidence interval of effective measures.Review Manager 5.4 software was adopted to calculate the effect size.Results:Compared to adolescents in control groups,those in the IACT groups showed some improvement in the efficacy of depression symptoms(SMD=−0.24,95%CI=[−0.44,−0.05],p=0.01)and had a small but sig-nificant effect on reducing experiential avoidance(SMD=−0.24,95%CI=[−0.46,−0.01],p=0.04).However,the effect size on anxiety did not reach the threshold(SMD=−0.18,95%CI=[−0.27,−0.09],p<0.0001).In addition,there were no significant differences in stress and well-being compared to those of the control group.Compared with universal adolescents,IACT was found to have a more significant therapeutic effect on targeted adolescents.Conclusions:IACT is effective in adolescent mental health interventions,but its clinical reliability and significant efficacy are limited,and more rigorous RCTs are needed in future studies.

Implementing Constitutional Commitments to Human Rights:Parliament and National Human Rights Commissions——a South African Perspective

'What is appropriate for one country in the light of its history, is not necessarily appropriatein another country with a different history. Our final constitution must now be forged in the lightof our history and on the basis of the agreed constitutional principles which both reflect that historyand are part of it'—Arthur Chaskalson: President of the Constitutional Court, 17 July 1995.

The impact of nurses’organizational commitment on their perceptions of the work environment:Strong mediating effect of the psychological contract

Objective:The objective is to assess the direct and indirect effects of nurses’organizational commitment(OC)on their work environment perceptions(WEP)and the role of the psychological contr act(PC).Methods:A cross‑sectional quantitative study of 3047 registered nurses in four Chinese hospitals was conducted.The Essentials of Magnetism II(Chinese version),OC,and PC scales were used in the study,and the structural equation modeling was used to assess the connections among variables.Results:The results showed that OC was positively correlated with WEP(r=0.561,P<0.001),and PC was negatively correlated with the WEP(r=−0.717,P<0.001),and OC(r=−0.739,P<0.001).Nurses’PC played a strong mediating role between OC and WEP,accounting for 87.64%of the total effect.Besides,PC played an important role in creating a healthy work environment.Conclusions:The exploration of the relationships among WEP,PC,and OC provides new insights for hospital managers to build a better work environment for nurses,which is conducive to maintaining a stable nurse team and providing high‑quality nursing services for patients.

A study on the current situation and factors influencing the professional commitment of private kindergarten teachers

This study investigated the professional commitment of kindergarten teachers in a private kindergarten located in Jinan,Shandong Province,China.The research employed a questionnaire and utilized correlation analysis to examine the factors influencing the professional commitment of private kindergarten teachers.The findings revealed that the overall level of career commitment among private kindergarten teachers was moderately low.Among the three dimensions of professional commitment,namely,continuance commitment,affective commitment,and normative commitment,the affective commitment dimension exhibited a relatively high level,whereas the continuance commitment and normative commitment dimensions showed relatively low levels.Significant differences in professional commitment levels were observed based on teacher age,education level,age of children,salary,and class size.However,no significant differences were found based on teacher specialty,position,and teaching experience.

A Study on Organizational Commitment,Work Motivation,and Job Performance After the COVID-19 Epidemic in Taiwan-The Mediating Effects of Work Motivation and Organizational Communication

The purpose of this study is to explore the correlation between organizational commitment and job performance among employees in Taiwan Residents companies after the COVID-19 epidemic,and to use work motivation and organizational communication as intermediary variables to further understand the interaction between them.Using hierarchical multiple regression analysis and bootstrap method to analyze,the research results show that organizational commitment has a significant positive impact on work motivation and work performance,and work motivation also has a significant positive impact on work performance.In addition,organizational communication has a mediating effect on organizational commitment and work motivation,and work motivation also has a mediating effect on organizational commitment and work machine performance.The results of this study hope to understand the working conditions of organizations and employees after the COVID-19 epidemic,and provide relevant business operators with follow-up references for their operations.

Watermelon Soup-commitment

因为对于一位日本艺术家Hirohiko Araki1987年开始创作的作品深有感触,从他的画面中提取了最具个人特色的元素:性感的嘴唇及其中坚定不移地蕴含着的人类之美。

接纳承诺疗法对中青年肝癌介入治疗病人复发恐惧及自我感受负担的影响

目的:分析接纳承诺疗法对中青年肝癌介入治疗病人复发恐惧及自我感受负担的影响。方法:采用方便抽样法,选取2019年7月—2023年6月在郑州大学第一附属医院行肝癌介入治疗的124例中青年肝癌病人,随机分为对照组和观察组各62例。对照组给予常规护理,观察组给予接纳承诺疗法干预。采用癌症复发恐惧量表(FCRI)及自我感受负担量表(SPBS)比较两组病人复发恐惧及自我感受负担水平,并对比两组病人护理满意度。结果:干预6周后观察组FCRI、SPBS评分均低于对照组(P<0.05),观察组护理满意度高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:接纳承诺疗法可以有效降低中青年肝癌介入治疗病人复发恐惧感,减轻病人自我感受负担,并提高病人护理满意度。

个人-组织匹配对员工信息安全违规行为的影响研究

频发的企业内部员工信息安全违规行为已成为组织管理中备受关注的问题。基于个人-组织匹配理论和社会交换理论,通过多案例研究方法,探究个人-组织匹配对员工信息安全违规行为的影响机理。研究发现:(1)在企业信息安全管理情境下,个人-组织匹配的类型以一致性匹配为主、互补性匹配为辅;(2)个人-组织匹配的内容包括能力匹配、道德匹配、关系匹配和情绪匹配四个维度;(3)个人-组织匹配负向影响员工的信息安全违规行为,工作投入和组织承诺在两者关系中具有部分中介作用。上述研究结论可为企业完善信息安全管理策略、减少员工信息安全违规行为提供理论参考。

基于接纳承诺疗法的心理治疗模型对胰腺癌患者疼痛的影响

目的 了解胰腺癌患者的疼痛、睡眠状况,探讨接纳承诺疗法对患者心理灵活性的影响,为改善患者生活质量提供思路。方法 62例胰腺癌患者随机分为对照组(30例)和观察组(32例),对照组接受常规肿瘤护理,观察组在对照组的基础上接受接纳承诺疗法。分别采用疼痛数字评分表(NRS)、匹兹堡睡眠指数量表(PSQI)、接纳与行动问卷第二版(AAQ-Ⅱ)和认知融合问卷(CFQ)进行问卷调查,比较2组患者干预前后的疼痛、睡眠状况及心理灵活性。结果 干预前,患者NRS、PSQI、AAQ-Ⅱ和CFQ评分分别为(2.3±0.7)分、(11.4±3.2)分、(20.2±7.8)分和(31.8±11.8)分,2组间差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。干预后,观察组各量表评分均低于干预前,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05);对照组干预前后各项评分比较,差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。胰腺癌患者的NRS评分与PSQI、AAQ-Ⅱ、CFQ评分显著正相关(r=0.790、0.925、0.898,P<0.05)。结论 胰腺癌患者存在一定的疼痛和睡眠困扰,接纳承诺疗法可提高其心理灵活性,改善疼痛程度和睡眠质量。

裂变创业者组织承诺跨越双路径对比——基于社会交换理论的案例研究

基于社会交换理论视角,以双案例研究方法,选取“独立发展型”和“母体支持型”两类裂变企业的创业者为研究对象,归纳出“母体交换关系情境”“交换关系风险认知”“信任助推承诺波动”“重建新创交换平衡”4个核心构念。在此基础上,识别出“顺序式”和“交错式”两条不同的裂变创业者组织承诺跨越路径,旨在延伸现有社会交换理论和创业理论,为裂变情境下的组织承诺跨越提供有效指导。