著名生物学家爱德华·威尔逊(Edward O Wilson)在其名作《一致性:知识的统一》(Consilience:The Unity of Knowledge)中提出跨学科整合与协调的必要性。他将融合定义为“知识的‘跳跃式结合',即通过事实的相互关联……创造出一...著名生物学家爱德华·威尔逊(Edward O Wilson)在其名作《一致性:知识的统一》(Consilience:The Unity of Knowledge)中提出跨学科整合与协调的必要性。他将融合定义为“知识的‘跳跃式结合',即通过事实的相互关联……创造出一个共同的解释基础。”文章的假设是,与基础生物医学研究需要来源于最新技术的数据几乎一样,整合现有知识同样极其重要。这涉及到解决相互矛盾的发现、减少“信息孤岛”、以及承认复杂的必要性。我们以角膜和晶状体作为我们假设的案例研究。具体来说,在这种视角下,我们讨论蛋白质聚集、氧化损伤和纤维化方面相互矛盾和碎片化的信息。这些研究领域与眼前节研究紧密相关。我们的目的是强调威尔逊的知识融合统一的迫切需要,从而增强严谨性和可重复性,最重要的是,促进对知识的深入理解,而不只是知道。展开更多
目的分析复方黄柏液坐浴在直肠黏膜内脱垂患者选择性直肠黏膜切除(tissue-selecting therapy,TST)术后的应用效果。方法选取2021年1月—2022年12月医院收治的184例行TST治疗的直肠黏膜内脱垂患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表余数分组法分...目的分析复方黄柏液坐浴在直肠黏膜内脱垂患者选择性直肠黏膜切除(tissue-selecting therapy,TST)术后的应用效果。方法选取2021年1月—2022年12月医院收治的184例行TST治疗的直肠黏膜内脱垂患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表余数分组法分为常规组(92例)与坐浴组(92例)。常规组给予创面清洁、换药等常规术后处理,坐浴组联合复方黄柏液坐浴治疗,疗程为2周。记录两组临床疗效,比较两组治疗前(即术后2 d)、治疗1周、治疗2周时肛门疼痛[视觉模拟评分法(visual analogue scale,VAS)]及创面水肿评分差异,并在术前及术后8周时,评估排便功能[中文版便秘患者症状自评量表(Chinese version of patient assessment of constipation symptom,PAC-SYM)],记录两组术后并发症发生情况。结果坐浴组临床疗效高于常规组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组肛门VAS评分及创面水肿均较治疗前下降(P<0.05),且随时间的延长而降低(P<0.05),坐浴组治疗1周、2周时上述评分均显著低于常规组(P<0.05)。术后8周时,两组粪便性状、直肠症状、腹部症状PAC-SYM评分均较术前显著降低,且坐浴组术后直肠症状、腹部症状评分低于常规组(P<0.05)。两组术后均未出现肛门狭窄、肛门失禁等并发症。结论复方黄柏液坐浴治疗可促进直肠黏膜内脱垂TST术后疼痛缓解,减轻术后创面水肿,加速转归。展开更多
To enhance the liquor absorptivity of chitosan fibers （CS-Fs）, N-succinyl surface-modified chitosan fibers （NSCS-Fs） were developed and evaluated for wound healing, The NSCS-Fs exhibited cracks on the surface and ...To enhance the liquor absorptivity of chitosan fibers （CS-Fs）, N-succinyl surface-modified chitosan fibers （NSCS-Fs） were developed and evaluated for wound healing, The NSCS-Fs exhibited cracks on the surface and high liquor absorbing capacity with absorbing-dissolvable equilibrium state in phosphate buffer solution （PBS）. The bacteriostasis ratios of NSCS-Fs against E. coli, S. aureus and C. albicans were higher than 80%. No cytotoxicity has been found for mouse embryo fibroblasts （MEFs） treated with NSCS-Fs leach liquor, Acute oral toxicity and skin irritation experiment were taken to evaluate the safety of NSCS-Fs in vitro. Muscle implant study showed that NSCS-Fs were biodegradable and non-toxic in vivo. These results suggested that the surface modified NSCS-Fs had favorable biological properties and improved liquor absorptivity, indicating that they could be used as promising dressing materials for wound care.展开更多
In his beautiful book,Consilience:The Unity of Knowledge,the eminent biologist Edward O Wilson,advocates the need for integration and reconciliation across the sciences.He defines consilience as“literally a‘jumping ...In his beautiful book,Consilience:The Unity of Knowledge,the eminent biologist Edward O Wilson,advocates the need for integration and reconciliation across the sciences.He defines consilience as“literally a‘jumping together’of knowledge with a linking of facts…to create a common groundwork of explanation”.It is the premise of this paper that as much as basic biomedical research is in need of data generation using the latest available techniques–unifying available knowledge is just as critical.This involves the necessity to resolve contradictory findings,reduce silos,and acknowledge complexity.We take the cornea and the lens as case studies of our premise.Specifically,in this perspective,we discuss the conflicting and fragmented information on protein aggregation,oxidative damage,and fibrosis.These are fields of study that are integrally tied to anterior segment research.Our goal is to highlight the vital need for Wilson’s consilience and unity of knowledge which in turn should lead to enhanced rigor and reproducibility,and most importantly,to greater understanding and not simply knowing.展开更多
Aim:Changes in the pH of chronic wounds can inhibit the optimal activity of various enzymes in the wound environment,thereby delaying wound healing.The aim of the present study is to monitor the effect of limited acce...Aim:Changes in the pH of chronic wounds can inhibit the optimal activity of various enzymes in the wound environment,thereby delaying wound healing.The aim of the present study is to monitor the effect of limited access dressing(LAD)on the pH on the surface of chronic wounds.Methods:A total of 140 patients with chronic wounds of more than 4 weeks duration were divided into two groups by simple randomization:a LAD group(n=64)and a conventional dressing group(n=76).Fifty-six participants(22 in the LAD group and 34 in the conventional dressing group)were lost to follow-up or withdrawn from the study.Results:In the LAD group(n=42),the mean age was 38.3±10.56 years(range:12-60 years),and the mean wound size at the time of admission was 28 cm^(2)(range:19-40 cm^(2)).In the conventional dressing group(n=42),the mean age was 35.3±14.0 years(range:17-65 years),and the mean wound size at the time of admission was 26 cm^(2)(range:18-39 cm^(2)).Patients treated with LAD showed a significant decrease in the mean±standard deviation pH when compared with the conventional dressing group(0.83±0.52 vs.0.41±0.26,P=0.048).Conclusion:LAD reduces the chronic wound surface pH to a level required for the optimal function of various enzymes.This could be a factor that exerts a beneficial effect on wound healing.展开更多
文摘著名生物学家爱德华·威尔逊(Edward O Wilson)在其名作《一致性:知识的统一》(Consilience:The Unity of Knowledge)中提出跨学科整合与协调的必要性。他将融合定义为“知识的‘跳跃式结合',即通过事实的相互关联……创造出一个共同的解释基础。”文章的假设是,与基础生物医学研究需要来源于最新技术的数据几乎一样,整合现有知识同样极其重要。这涉及到解决相互矛盾的发现、减少“信息孤岛”、以及承认复杂的必要性。我们以角膜和晶状体作为我们假设的案例研究。具体来说,在这种视角下,我们讨论蛋白质聚集、氧化损伤和纤维化方面相互矛盾和碎片化的信息。这些研究领域与眼前节研究紧密相关。我们的目的是强调威尔逊的知识融合统一的迫切需要,从而增强严谨性和可重复性,最重要的是,促进对知识的深入理解,而不只是知道。
文摘目的分析复方黄柏液坐浴在直肠黏膜内脱垂患者选择性直肠黏膜切除(tissue-selecting therapy,TST)术后的应用效果。方法选取2021年1月—2022年12月医院收治的184例行TST治疗的直肠黏膜内脱垂患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表余数分组法分为常规组(92例)与坐浴组(92例)。常规组给予创面清洁、换药等常规术后处理,坐浴组联合复方黄柏液坐浴治疗,疗程为2周。记录两组临床疗效,比较两组治疗前(即术后2 d)、治疗1周、治疗2周时肛门疼痛[视觉模拟评分法(visual analogue scale,VAS)]及创面水肿评分差异,并在术前及术后8周时,评估排便功能[中文版便秘患者症状自评量表(Chinese version of patient assessment of constipation symptom,PAC-SYM)],记录两组术后并发症发生情况。结果坐浴组临床疗效高于常规组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组肛门VAS评分及创面水肿均较治疗前下降(P<0.05),且随时间的延长而降低(P<0.05),坐浴组治疗1周、2周时上述评分均显著低于常规组(P<0.05)。术后8周时,两组粪便性状、直肠症状、腹部症状PAC-SYM评分均较术前显著降低,且坐浴组术后直肠症状、腹部症状评分低于常规组(P<0.05)。两组术后均未出现肛门狭窄、肛门失禁等并发症。结论复方黄柏液坐浴治疗可促进直肠黏膜内脱垂TST术后疼痛缓解,减轻术后创面水肿,加速转归。
基金Acknowledgements This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant Nos. 81271727 and 31300786）, the International Science Technology Cooperation Program of China （Grant No. 2012DFB50140）, Ph.D. Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China （Grant No. 20120132110012）, the National Science Foundation for Post-doctor （Grant No. 2013 M541961 ）, and Applied Basic Research Plan of Qingdao （Grant No. 14-2-4-98-jch）.
文摘To enhance the liquor absorptivity of chitosan fibers （CS-Fs）, N-succinyl surface-modified chitosan fibers （NSCS-Fs） were developed and evaluated for wound healing, The NSCS-Fs exhibited cracks on the surface and high liquor absorbing capacity with absorbing-dissolvable equilibrium state in phosphate buffer solution （PBS）. The bacteriostasis ratios of NSCS-Fs against E. coli, S. aureus and C. albicans were higher than 80%. No cytotoxicity has been found for mouse embryo fibroblasts （MEFs） treated with NSCS-Fs leach liquor, Acute oral toxicity and skin irritation experiment were taken to evaluate the safety of NSCS-Fs in vitro. Muscle implant study showed that NSCS-Fs were biodegradable and non-toxic in vivo. These results suggested that the surface modified NSCS-Fs had favorable biological properties and improved liquor absorptivity, indicating that they could be used as promising dressing materials for wound care.
文摘In his beautiful book,Consilience:The Unity of Knowledge,the eminent biologist Edward O Wilson,advocates the need for integration and reconciliation across the sciences.He defines consilience as“literally a‘jumping together’of knowledge with a linking of facts…to create a common groundwork of explanation”.It is the premise of this paper that as much as basic biomedical research is in need of data generation using the latest available techniques–unifying available knowledge is just as critical.This involves the necessity to resolve contradictory findings,reduce silos,and acknowledge complexity.We take the cornea and the lens as case studies of our premise.Specifically,in this perspective,we discuss the conflicting and fragmented information on protein aggregation,oxidative damage,and fibrosis.These are fields of study that are integrally tied to anterior segment research.Our goal is to highlight the vital need for Wilson’s consilience and unity of knowledge which in turn should lead to enhanced rigor and reproducibility,and most importantly,to greater understanding and not simply knowing.
文摘Aim:Changes in the pH of chronic wounds can inhibit the optimal activity of various enzymes in the wound environment,thereby delaying wound healing.The aim of the present study is to monitor the effect of limited access dressing(LAD)on the pH on the surface of chronic wounds.Methods:A total of 140 patients with chronic wounds of more than 4 weeks duration were divided into two groups by simple randomization:a LAD group(n=64)and a conventional dressing group(n=76).Fifty-six participants(22 in the LAD group and 34 in the conventional dressing group)were lost to follow-up or withdrawn from the study.Results:In the LAD group(n=42),the mean age was 38.3±10.56 years(range:12-60 years),and the mean wound size at the time of admission was 28 cm^(2)(range:19-40 cm^(2)).In the conventional dressing group(n=42),the mean age was 35.3±14.0 years(range:17-65 years),and the mean wound size at the time of admission was 26 cm^(2)(range:18-39 cm^(2)).Patients treated with LAD showed a significant decrease in the mean±standard deviation pH when compared with the conventional dressing group(0.83±0.52 vs.0.41±0.26,P=0.048).Conclusion:LAD reduces the chronic wound surface pH to a level required for the optimal function of various enzymes.This could be a factor that exerts a beneficial effect on wound healing.
