Using geospatial technologies to delineate Ground Water Potential Zones(GWPZ)in Mberengwa and Zvishavane District,Zimbabwe

The main objective of the study was to delineate Ground Water Potential Zones(GWPZ)in Mberengwa and Zvishavane districts,Zimbabwe,utilizing geospatial technologies and thematic mapping.Various factors,including geology,soil,rainfall,land use/land cover,drainage density,lineament density,slope,Terrain Ruggedness Index(TRI),and Terrain Wetness Index(TWI),were incorporated as thematic layers.The Multi Influencing Factor(MIF)and Analytical Hierarchical Process(AHP)techniques were employed to assign appropriate weights to these layers based on their relative significance,prioritizing GWPZ mapping.The integration of these weighted layers resulted in the generation of five GWPZ classes:Very high,high,moderate,low,and very low.The MIF method identified 3%of the area as having very high GWPZ,19%as having high GWPZ,40%as having moderate GWPZ,24%as having low GWPZ,and 14%as having very low GWPZ.The AHP method yielded 2%for very high GWPZ,14%for high GWPZ,37%for moderate GWPZ,37%for low GWPZ,and 10%for very low GWPZ.A strong correlation(ρof 0.91)was observed between the MIF results and groundwater yield.The study successfully identified regions with abundant groundwater,providing valuable target areas for groundwater exploitation and highvolume water harvesting initiatives.Accurate identification of these crucial regions is essential for effective decision-making,planning,and management of groundwater resources to alleviate water shortages.

Characteristics of Lightning Parameters around a TV Tower and Ground Potential Simulation:A Case Study of Lu an Radio and TV Tower

At present,the Lu an Radio and Television Tower is the tallest building in Anhui Province,and it is easily struck by lightning during the thunderstorm season.In order to clearly understand the lightning environment around the TV tower,based on the lightning positioning monitoring data provided by the Anhui Meteorological Bureau,the distribution characteristics of six lightning parameters within 5 km of the TV tower were studied firstly.Secondly,combined with the field survey data,a soil model was established,and the distribution of ground potential and other related parameters were simulated using CDEGS software,which can provide certain reference for the subsequent lightning protection design and construction.

Comparative Analysis of Equal and Unequal Grounding Grid Configurations by Compression Ratio and Least Square Curve Fitting Techniques

The primary aim of the power system grounding is to safeguard the person and satisfying the performance of the power systemtomaintain reliable operation.With equal conductor spacing grounding grid design,the distribution of the current in the grid is not uniform.Hence,unequal grid conductor span in which grid conductors are concentrated more at the periphery is safer to practice than equal spacing.This paper presents the comparative analysis of two novel techniques that create unequal spacing among the grid conductors:the least-square curve fitting technique and the compression ratio techniquewith equal grid configuration for both square and rectangular grids.Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO)is adopted for finding out one optimal feasible solution among many feasible solutions of equal grid configuration for both square and rectangular grids.Comparative analysis is also carried out between square and rectangular grids using the least square curve fitting technique as it results in only one unequal grid configuration.Simulation results are obtained by theMATLAB software developed.Percentage of improvement in ground potential rise,step voltage,touch voltage,and grid resistancewith variation in compression ratios are plotted.

Study on the severest real ground motion for seismic design and analysis

How to select the adequate real strong earthquake ground motion for seismic analysis and design of structures is an essential problem in earthquake engineering research and practice. In the paper the concept of the severest design ground motion is proposed and a method is developed for comparing the severity of the recorded strong ground motions. By using this method the severest earthquake ground motions are selected out as seismic inputs to the structures to be designed from a database that consists of more than five thousand significant strong ground motion records collected over the world. The selected severest ground motions are very likely to be able to drive the structures to their critical response and thereby result in the highest damage potential. It is noted that for different structures with different predominant natural periods and at different sites where structures are located the severest design ground motions are usually different. Finally, two examples are illustrated to demonstrate the rationality of the concept and the reliability of the selected design motion.

Isotopic Effects on Stereodynamics of the C^+ + H_2→CH^+ + H Reaction

The effects of isotope substitution on stereodynamic properties for the reactions C^+ + H_2/HD/HT →CH^+ + H/D/T have been studied applying a quasi classical trajectory method occurring on the new ground state CH_2^+ potential energy surface [J. Chem. Phys. 142(2015) 124302]. In the center of mass coordinates applying the quasi classical trajectory method to investigate the orientation and the alignment of the product molecule. Differential cross section and three angle distribution functions P(θ_r), P(ф_r), P(θ_r, ф_r) on the potential energy surface that fixed the collision energy with a value is 40 kcal/mol have been studied. The isotope effect becomes more and more important with the reagent molecules H_2 changing into HD and HT. P(θ_r, ф_r) as the joint probability density function of both polar angles θ_r and ф_r, which can illustrate more detailed dynamics information. The isotope effect is obvious influence on the properties of stereodynamics in the reactions of C^+ + H_2/HD/HT → CH^+ + H/D/T.