Realize Facilitated Targeted Poverty Elimination with Targeted Poverty——Alleviation: A New Anti-Poverty Approach for Rural China

Since the Reform and Opening-up, remarkable achievements in poverty alleviation have been made in China. China's success in mass poverty reduction can be attributed to its rapid economic growth, large-scale regional poverty alleviation and development, sound social security policies, widereaching farmer-benefiting policies and the equal land allotment system. However, with income inequality on the rise, poverty reduction effect made by the economic growth is declining: More targeted poverty alleviation policies are needed by China. Targeted poverty alleviation aims to improve the effect and efficiency of poverty alleviation through precise identification of poverty-stricken populations and comprehensive supportive measures. To tackle a variety of challenges such as the poor cultivation among povertystricken populations, the complex causes for poverty, and inflexible capital management, China should improve its poverty alleviation mechanism by innovating poverty identification methods, support approaches, capital management and performance assessment.

Focus shift needed:From development-oriented to social security-based poverty alleviation in rural China

Over the past 40-plus years since its reform and opening up,China has made remarkable achievements in poverty reduction.It accomplished the task of eradicating absolute poverty at the end of 2020 as scheduled,which is of great significance to both China and the world.Using the China Household Income Project(CHIP)survey data from 2002 to 2018,this paper studies the characteristics of the rural poverty-stricken population and estimates the poverty reduction effect of China’s social security which transfers income to the poor.We find that the transferred income targeting the poor population can effectively reduce rural poverty.In the post-2020 era,poverty reduction in China has shifted its focus from eliminating absolute poverty to alleviating relative poverty.Since the majority of the remaining relatively impoverished people in China lack the necessary ability to work,they can hardly throw off poverty through development-oriented poverty alleviation programmes.Therefore,it is necessary to shift the focus of poverty reduction in rural China from development-oriented policies to social security-based policies,which is essential to alleviate relative poverty in the new stage and prevent people from slipping back to .