Poverty Eradication:A Basic Human Right

Poverty generally refers to material destitution, namely, conditions under which a person＇s or a family＇s life is not up to the lowest socially acceptable standard. Lacking some necessary means of livelihood and services, they live in great difficulty. Poverty deprives a person of his or her naturally endowed value and of life＇s basic necessities. Poverty is a deprivation of the most basic human right and an insult to human dignity.

Poverty Eradication and Human Rights Safeguards:China's Progress and Reflections

During the process of human rights protection worldwide, poverty is increasingly attracting attentions from the international community. Whether the right of getting out of poverty can be regarded as a basic human right is still undetermined, at least it has become an unavoidable focus in the human rights area. In the article, I plan to discuss the significance of poverty eradication to human rights protection, review the efforts and achievements China has made in this regard and analyze, examine and introspect the existing problems.

Eradicating Poverty

The Chinese Government is raising the poverty line to an annual per-capita net income of 2,300 yuan （$365） for residents in rural areas, according to the working conference on poverty alleviation held at the end of 2011. This qualifies 128 million Chinese as poor and makes them eligible to receive government assistance by the end of 2011.

Access to Financial Services——An Analysis from the Human Rights Perspective

There is a broad connection between finance and human rights,with finance having both positive and negative impacts on human rights.Everyone has a need for access to financial services.Documents in both the international human rights and international finance fields address the relationship between financial services and human rights.Among financial services,microcredit and inclusive finance have the closest connection to human rights and potentially the greatest impact on human rights.Access to financial services promotes economic,social,and cultural rights as well as the rights of specific groups.The conditions for access to financial services to promote human rights require the state to assume obligations to recognize,respect,protect,and fulfill the need for individuals to access financial services,and to ensure the availability,accessibility,acceptability,and adaptability of basic financial services.Access to financial services has played a significant role in China’s comprehensive victory in the battle of poverty alleviation,providing valuable experience for the international community in poverty eradication,achieving sustainable development goals,and protecting and promoting human rights.

An Investigation Into Indigenous Entrepreneurial Ownership： The Case of Francistown, Botswana

The economic development of a country and welfare of its citizenry essentially largely depend on the effective participation of its indigenous entrepreneurs. However, a casual observation of a cluster of businesses in most malls of Botswana＇s cities seems to suggest foreign dominated business ownership which the researchers proved to be correct in some areas. This does not augur well for rapid growth and development of the country＇s economy and hence the wellbeing of its citizens. Accordingly, the researchers carried out a comprehensive research on the level of indigenous entrepreneurial participation and business ownership in Botswana focusing on the second largest city, Francistown＇s retail business, and tried to establish the reasons for lack of effective indigenous entrepreneurship in the economy since the attainment of independence from colonial Britain some 46 years ago in 1966. The research paper proposes the way forward in enhancing government efforts in promoting the indigenization process aiming at poverty eradication. The research methodology used consists of observations and questionnaires. The paper merged the empirical research information with the literature.

脱贫对中国实现碳中和目标的影响

China is facing challenges to tackle the threat of climate change while reducing social inequality.Poverty eradication requires improvement in the living conditions of low-income households,which leads in turn to higher carbon footprints and may undermine the efforts of climate change mitigation.Previous studies have assessed the climate impacts of poverty eradication,but few have quantified how the additional carbon emissions of poverty eradication are shared at the subnational level in China and the impact on China’s climate targets.We investigated the recent trend of carbon footprint inequality in China’s provinces and estimated the climate burden of different poverty reduction schemes,measured by increased carbon emissions.The results indicate that poverty eradication will not impede the achievement of national climate targets,with an average annual household carbon footprint increase of 0.1%–1.2%.However,the carbon emissions growth in less developed provinces can be 4.0%,five times that in wealthy regions.Less developed regions suffer a greater climate burden because of poverty eradication,which may offset carbon reduction efforts.Therefore,interregional collaboration is needed to coordinate inequality reduction with investments in low-carbon trajectories in all provinces.

Impact,Challenges,and Recommendations of Sports Tourism on Rural Revitalization in China

Sports tourism plays a significant role in the revitalization of rural areas in China.This study analyzedsurvey responses from 406 rural residents and conducted surveys with 15 village leaders in the Dabie mountainregion.The results showed that 85.71%of the rural residents believe that their family’s average income increasedby about 19865.93 yuan because of the presence of sports tourism in the area.They also showed that the sportstourists engaged in 17 kinds of consumption activities within the local villages.Additionally,it seems that 86.39%ofrural residents see potential benefits from sports tourism,and 85.71%of the residents’household incomes wereincreased due to sports tourism.In that regard,the average household annual income increased by 4677.58 yuan,and the average annual income of the residents in the whole area increased by 449000 yuan.Despite the positiveimpact of sports tourism in generating income for rural residents and contributing to rural revitalization,the tourismindustry faces challenges.These include a lack of sufficient market appeal,leading to a new“Matthew effect,”disparities in income distribution that conflict with the goals of rural revitalization,and a deviation from the intendeddevelopmental direction.Considering these findings,it is recommended to establish a sports tourism structure thataligns with local characteristics,incorporate sports tourism projects into the Chinese government's public serviceinitiatives,safeguard rural incomes amidst sports tourism development,and strengthen the connection betweensports tourism and rural revitalization.

Why can some countries perform better in resolving some social problems:A comparative study

This study explores the rationale why some countries fare better in resolving social problems such as poverty and the COVID-19 pandemic.The simple model introduces the term of resident viability and points out that the solution to a social problem with a large ratio of nonviable to viable residents requires the mobilisation of more societal resources,and the affordable price ratio of societal to individual resources is determined by country characteristics such as the cultural background,political regime,ideology towards the free-market mechanism,government efficiency and social trust.This study also makes between-country comparisons and conducts preliminary regression analyses with cross-country data,and all the results are consistent with the model predictions on the relationship between country characteristics and country performances in fighting poverty and handling the COVID-19 pandemic.