The effect of carburization on the tensile strength and wear resistance of AISI 8620 steel produced via powder metallurgy was investigated.Alloys 1 and 2(with 0.2wt%C and 0.25wt%C,respectively)were first pressed at 70...The effect of carburization on the tensile strength and wear resistance of AISI 8620 steel produced via powder metallurgy was investigated.Alloys 1 and 2(with 0.2wt%C and 0.25wt%C,respectively)were first pressed at 700 MPa and then sintered at 1300,1400,or 1500℃for 1 h.The ideal sintering temperature of 1400℃was determined.Afterward,Alloys 1 and 2 sintered at 1400℃were carburized at 925℃for 4 h.The microstructure characterization of alloys was performed via optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy.The mechanical and wear behavior of carburized and noncarburized alloys were investigated via hardness,tensile,and wear tests.After carburization,the ultimate tensile strength of Alloys 1 and 2 increased to 134.4%and 138.1%,respectively.However,the elongation rate of Alloys 1 and 2 decreased to 62.6%and 64.7%,respectively.The wear depth values of Alloy 2 under noncarburized and carburized conditions and a load of 30 N were 231.2 and 100.1μm,respectively.Oxidative wear changed to abrasive wear when the load transitioned from 15 to 30 N.展开更多
The high cycle fatigue response of a high V-alloyed powder metallurgy tool steel （AISI 11） with different inclusion sizes was studied. Two materials of this grade at a similar hardness of about HRC 60 were subjected...The high cycle fatigue response of a high V-alloyed powder metallurgy tool steel （AISI 11） with different inclusion sizes was studied. Two materials of this grade at a similar hardness of about HRC 60 were subjected to axial loading fatigue tests, tensile tests and fracture toughness measurements to investigate their mechanical properties. Large inclusion above 70 ~rn is indicated to be responsible for the tensile fracture which happens before yielding. The fatigue strength obtained up to 107 cycles is found to decrease from approximately 1 538 MPa to 1000 MPa with the inclusion size increasing above 30 Izm. The internally induced crack initiation is mainly attributed to the surface compressive residual stress of 300-450 MPa. Fractographic evaluation demonstrates that the crack initiation and propagation controlling factors of the two materials are almost the same, indicating that the two factors would be insignificantly affected by the inclusion size level. Paris sizes of the two materials both show a tendency to decrease as the ratio of stress intensity factor of crack origin to factor of fish-eye increases. The investigation into the relationship between stress intensity factors and fatigue life of the two materials further indicates that the high cycle fatigue behavior of AISI 11 is controlled by crack propagation.展开更多
MnS growth in sintered steels with admixed Fe, Cu, C and MnS has been investigated by SEM and X-ray diffraction, MnS in Fe-Cu-C-MnS sintered steels in which MnS has been admixed is not stable and MnS growth may be asc...MnS growth in sintered steels with admixed Fe, Cu, C and MnS has been investigated by SEM and X-ray diffraction, MnS in Fe-Cu-C-MnS sintered steels in which MnS has been admixed is not stable and MnS growth may be ascribed to sintering between MnS particles or reaction between MnS and Fe, Cu, C elements.展开更多
During a powder metallurgy process such as sintering,the primary role played by the atmosphere in furnace is to prevent an excessive oxidation of powder compacts in case of the formation of oxides as residuals on powd...During a powder metallurgy process such as sintering,the primary role played by the atmosphere in furnace is to prevent an excessive oxidation of powder compacts in case of the formation of oxides as residuals on powder surfaces.In particular,the adjustment of furnace atmosphere is the key to eliminate the phenomenon"decarburization"likely to occur in carbon-containing compacts.A continuous belt furnace was used to stabilize the potentials of carbon and oxygen in zones divided by sintering,delubrication,and cooling.Chromium and manganese,which are sensitive to oxygen,were added to improve mechanical properties in a cost-effective way.Powders of steel containing chromium were sintered in an atmosphere composed of CO,O_(2),and H_(2).The effects of atmosphere,lubricant,and graphite on oxidation(or reduction)and decarburization(or carburization)were investigated.Superior quality was achieved under the control of delubrication atmosphere.It is indicated that in a protective atmosphere,the chemical reactions occurring at various stages took remarkable effect on the quality of sintered compact.The potentials of oxygen and carbon in a continuous belt furnace were monitored and analyzed using an on-line thermal measuring unit consisting of thermocouple,oxygen probe,and carbon monoxide sensor.The avoidance of oxidation and decarburization promises desired micro structure and carbon content and satisfactory properties through the adjustment of technical parameters,e.g.,the composition of gases in delubrication and various sintering zones,the rate of gas inlet,and cooling rate.展开更多
文摘The effect of carburization on the tensile strength and wear resistance of AISI 8620 steel produced via powder metallurgy was investigated.Alloys 1 and 2(with 0.2wt%C and 0.25wt%C,respectively)were first pressed at 700 MPa and then sintered at 1300,1400,or 1500℃for 1 h.The ideal sintering temperature of 1400℃was determined.Afterward,Alloys 1 and 2 sintered at 1400℃were carburized at 925℃for 4 h.The microstructure characterization of alloys was performed via optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy.The mechanical and wear behavior of carburized and noncarburized alloys were investigated via hardness,tensile,and wear tests.After carburization,the ultimate tensile strength of Alloys 1 and 2 increased to 134.4%and 138.1%,respectively.However,the elongation rate of Alloys 1 and 2 decreased to 62.6%and 64.7%,respectively.The wear depth values of Alloy 2 under noncarburized and carburized conditions and a load of 30 N were 231.2 and 100.1μm,respectively.Oxidative wear changed to abrasive wear when the load transitioned from 15 to 30 N.
基金Project(2007BAE51B05)supported by the National Key Technologies Research and Development Program of China
文摘The high cycle fatigue response of a high V-alloyed powder metallurgy tool steel （AISI 11） with different inclusion sizes was studied. Two materials of this grade at a similar hardness of about HRC 60 were subjected to axial loading fatigue tests, tensile tests and fracture toughness measurements to investigate their mechanical properties. Large inclusion above 70 ~rn is indicated to be responsible for the tensile fracture which happens before yielding. The fatigue strength obtained up to 107 cycles is found to decrease from approximately 1 538 MPa to 1000 MPa with the inclusion size increasing above 30 Izm. The internally induced crack initiation is mainly attributed to the surface compressive residual stress of 300-450 MPa. Fractographic evaluation demonstrates that the crack initiation and propagation controlling factors of the two materials are almost the same, indicating that the two factors would be insignificantly affected by the inclusion size level. Paris sizes of the two materials both show a tendency to decrease as the ratio of stress intensity factor of crack origin to factor of fish-eye increases. The investigation into the relationship between stress intensity factors and fatigue life of the two materials further indicates that the high cycle fatigue behavior of AISI 11 is controlled by crack propagation.
文摘MnS growth in sintered steels with admixed Fe, Cu, C and MnS has been investigated by SEM and X-ray diffraction, MnS in Fe-Cu-C-MnS sintered steels in which MnS has been admixed is not stable and MnS growth may be ascribed to sintering between MnS particles or reaction between MnS and Fe, Cu, C elements.
文摘During a powder metallurgy process such as sintering,the primary role played by the atmosphere in furnace is to prevent an excessive oxidation of powder compacts in case of the formation of oxides as residuals on powder surfaces.In particular,the adjustment of furnace atmosphere is the key to eliminate the phenomenon"decarburization"likely to occur in carbon-containing compacts.A continuous belt furnace was used to stabilize the potentials of carbon and oxygen in zones divided by sintering,delubrication,and cooling.Chromium and manganese,which are sensitive to oxygen,were added to improve mechanical properties in a cost-effective way.Powders of steel containing chromium were sintered in an atmosphere composed of CO,O_(2),and H_(2).The effects of atmosphere,lubricant,and graphite on oxidation(or reduction)and decarburization(or carburization)were investigated.Superior quality was achieved under the control of delubrication atmosphere.It is indicated that in a protective atmosphere,the chemical reactions occurring at various stages took remarkable effect on the quality of sintered compact.The potentials of oxygen and carbon in a continuous belt furnace were monitored and analyzed using an on-line thermal measuring unit consisting of thermocouple,oxygen probe,and carbon monoxide sensor.The avoidance of oxidation and decarburization promises desired micro structure and carbon content and satisfactory properties through the adjustment of technical parameters,e.g.,the composition of gases in delubrication and various sintering zones,the rate of gas inlet,and cooling rate.
