The Visualization Analysis of Research Hotspot and Frontier Technology of the Smart Power Distribution and Utilization Based on the Cite Space

In order to make an intensive study of the development of smart power distribution and utilization technology in China, their research hotspots and frontier technology are selected out through combining the informatics method, and using the CiteSpace which can take keyword cooccurrence analysis and draw the visualization graph. According to this result, we can infer the development trend of smart power distribution and utilization in the future, and providing reference for the researcher whose engage in this domain. The electric related literature was collected from the CNKI database in China. Under the smart power distribution and utilization domain, we also analyze the development of the power quality and the energy internet in detail.

Performance of joint dual links dynamic power control and smart antenna for TDMA/TDD cellular mobile communications

Interference cancellation is made available by using smart antenna at cellular base stations. Well distributed cumulative probability of signal to interference plus noise power ratio appears to be vital for cellular mobile multimedia communications. A scenario of dual links dynamic power control combined to a solution of smart antenna is proposed to adjust the instant transmission power in terms of the disparity from the favorite range. Simulation results show that this method is quite effective to improve the cumulative distribution probability performance. Meanwhile, accompanying low power consumption is also obtained at both base stations and mobile stations.

Communication Resources Allocation for Time Delay Reduction of Frequency Regulation Service in High Renewable Penetrated Power System

The high renewable penetrated power system has severe frequency regulation problems.Distributed resources can provide frequency regulation services but are limited by com-munication time delay.This paper proposes a communication resources allocation model to reduce communication time delay in frequency regulation service.Communication device resources and wireless spectrum resources are allocated to distributed resources when they participate in frequency regulation.We reveal impact of communication resources allocation on time delay reduction and frequency regulation performance.Besides,we study communication resources allocation solution in high renewable energy penetrated power systems.We provide a case study based on the HRP-38 system.Results show communication time delay decreases distributed resources'ability to provide frequency regulation service.On the other hand,allocating more communication resources to distributed resources'communica-tion services improves their frequency regulation performance.For power systems with renewable energy penetration above 70%,required communications resources are about five times as many as 30%renewable energy penetrated power systems to keep frequency performance the same.Index Terms-Communication resources allocation,commun-ication time delay,distributed resource,frequency regulation,high renewable energy penetrated power system.

配用电物联网的异构无线网络终端接入策略

论文提出了一种面向配用电物联网(PD-IoT)的异构无线通信网络最佳适配性动态接入策略。首先,引入网络属性效用函数,并基于聚合效用建立量化PD-IoT业务终端与无线网络适配性的评价模型;其次,综合考虑PD-IoT业务通信需求和通信网络性能来完成业务终端对各网络属性的动态定权;再次,引入网络切换控制机制以确保终端与无线网络间可靠的通信连接和通信质量;最后,通过案例仿真验证了论文异构网络接入选择策略的有效性。

Low Voltage Direct Current Supply and Utilization System:Definition,Key Technologies and Development

With rapid increase of distributed solar power generation and direct current(DC)based loads such as data centers,electric vehicles(EVs),and DC household appliances,the development trend of the power system is changed from conventional alternate current(AC)to DC.Traditional AC power systems can scarcely meet the development demand of new DC trends,especially since both the generation side and load side are comprised of DC-based electronic power components.With this background,low voltage direct current supply and utilization system(LVDCSUS)has attracted more and more attention for its great advantages over an AC grid to overcome challenges in operation,reliability,and energy loss in renewable energy connection,DC load power utilization and a number of other aspects.However,the definition of the LVDCSUS is still not clear even though many demonstration projects have been put into planning and operation.In order to provide a clear description of LVDCSUS,first,the characteristics of LVDCSUS are illustrated in this paper to show the advance of the LVDCSUS.Second,the potential application scenarios of LVDCSUS are presented in this paper.Third,application of LVDCSUS technologies and some demonstration projects in China are introduced.Besides the development of the LVDCSUS,key technologies,including but not limited to planning and design,voltage levels,control strategies,and key equipment of LVDCSUS,are discussed in this paper.Finally,future application areas and the research orientations of LVDCSUS are analyzed.

城市综合管廊供配电系统若干问题探索

随着各城市综合管廊的建设发展,综合管廊舱室和长度不断增加,设计的复杂性也持续增大,现阶段如何提升综合管廊供配电系统设计工作值得思考和探讨。文章以雄东片区N1路管廊供配电系统设计为例,简要阐述管廊供配电系统设计的要点,为类似工程设计提供参考和借鉴。

Distributed power allocation over indoor multi-pico stations

A low-complexity distributed power allocation algorithm is proposed to reduce the interference and improve the transmitting rate of edge users. Different scenarios are considered and user experience of indoor communication is promoted. The simulation results prove the effectiveness of our algorithm. The proposed power control scheme ensures that more users can achieve their required rate and the fairness of different users is improved. Besides, more than 5096 energy can be saved without loss in outage ability, and energy efficiency is also promoted. In addition, the proposed algorithm can be extended to scenarios that the required rates of pico stations can be changed periodically.

基于粒子群算法的室外配用电场景射线追踪优化方法

为高效地利用射线追踪(ray tracing,RT)方法对室外配用电环境毫米波段进行传播特性研究,提出一种将RT方法与粒子群优化(particle swarm optimization,PSO)算法相结合的RT优化方法.首先进行低分辨率RT,利用距离参数筛选出可能到达接收端的射线发射角度,并将其划分成多个搜索区域;然后在每个搜索区域中利用PSO算法寻找最优路径.该方法的路径损耗仿真结果与传统RT仿真结果以及实测数据都表现出了良好的一致性,场强覆盖预测也和传统RT仿真结果相一致.结果表明,该方法在保证精确度的同时可以有效提高RT计算效率,并避免了传统RT中的接收球问题,具有一定的工程应用价值.

青海省太阳能-风能发电潜力评估及时空格局

为定量评估青海省太阳能、风能资源开发潜力,该文基于地形条件、土地利用、生态保护区等地理空间分析,在10 m×10 m空间分辨率上提取光风电站可开发利用区域,考虑了地形条件对装机折减影响及真实电场设计参数,采用1980—2020年MERRA-2再分析数据,评估了青海省光风理论和技术发电潜力,分析了时空格局,识别了开发利用现状。研究表明:(1)1980—2020年青海省太阳能多年平均理论发电潜力1881.1 kWh/m^(2),技术发电潜力301.7 kWh/m^(2);空间上,呈西高东低的分布格局,且东部变化更为显著;时间上,全省呈波动减少特征,整体下降速率为-337.9亿kWh/a,各地区增减不一,其中果洛和玉树缓慢上升,其他地区呈下降趋势。(2)1980—2020年青海省风能多年平均理论发电潜力121.1 kWh/m^(2),技术发电潜力21.9 kWh/m^(2);空间上,呈西北高东南低的分布格局,且西南部变化更为显著;时间上,全省呈先增加后减少的趋势特征,整体下降速率为-27.0亿kWh/a,各地区增减不一,其中海西减少最快,玉树有小幅增加。(3)青海省太阳能和风能2020年发电量分别为167亿kWh和81亿kWh,分别占技术发电潜力的1.1%和9.2%,仍具有较大挖潜空间。

智能配用电系统的网络攻击检测与保护控制技术:发展与挑战

先进信息技术在智能配用电系统(Smart power distribution and utilization system,SPDUS)中的广泛应用,加深了系统信息侧与电力物理侧的耦合程度,智能配用电系统已逐渐转变为信息-物理空间高度融合、信息资源与物理资源相互结合与协调的智能配用电信息物理系统(Smart power distribution and utilization cyber physical system,SPDU-CPS)。本文重点从面向SPDU-CPS的网络攻击入侵检测、网络攻击防御保护以及自愈控制三个角度,对国内外相关技术的发展与挑战进行总结、梳理。在网络攻击入侵检测方面,总结了基于偏差类、基于特征类以及混合类网络攻击检测方法的检测思路及实施路径;在网络攻击防御保护方面,总结了提升信息网络防御能力的信息侧保护方法、基于资源优化配置和数据校正保护的物理侧保护方法以及融合两侧信息及保护功能的信息物理协同保护方法;在自愈控制方面,对传统电力物理侧自愈控制以及基于信息物理协同的自愈控制现有研究进行了归纳和整理。最后,结合SPDU-CPS的特点及发展趋势,对未来研究方向进行了展望。

中国石化南海北部新能源与油气耦合开发利用前景分析

海洋能源种类丰富、储量巨大,在“双碳”目标背景下,油气企业开始探索海洋油气与新能源耦合开发利用的发展模式。南海北部海南岛周边海域内北部湾盆地、莺歌海盆地等主要含油气盆地均属风资源丰富区,太阳能资源很-极丰富,地温梯度超过3℃/100m,均具备很好的开发利用价值。研究区内主要油气区与海南省“十四五”期间规划的海上风电项目匹配性好,海洋新能源与油气相关产业技术关联度高、耦合利用潜力巨大。挪威、英国等沿海油气资源国都在陆续开展近海油气田群的风电配套项目,中国海油也在文昌油田群开展了该领域的实践探索。结合中国石化现有产业,可以将海上风电作为核心,合理配比分布式光伏等新能源发电,支撑南海油气产业和沿海炼化企业绿色用能。近期应重点培育耦合利用模式和建设示范项目,未来重点围绕以北部湾盆地为代表的油气区块、粤港澳大湾区和远海岛屿三个方向逐步展开,打造海上油气、绿电、绿氢一体化综合供应基地,发展与海洋牧场、海水淡化等结合的新型产业模式,提升海洋能源综合利用能力,实现油气与新能源产业融合互促和高质量发展。

Distribution Management Systems for Smart Grid:Architecture,Work Flows,and Interoperability

The smart grid integrates advanced sensors,a two-way communication infrastructure,and high-performance computation-based control.The distribution management systems for smart grid include several functions for manipulating legacy voltage control devices and distributed energy resources through closed-loop volt/var control,leading to wide-area regulation of voltages in the presence of fluctuating power.The other primary distribution network analysis application is concerned with automatic fault location and service restoration following fault events,aiming to provide the grid with autonomous intelligence for self-healing.Communication technologies are vital to enable the computing applications of distribution networks,whether they work in centralized or distributed modes.This paper presents the state of the art in distribution management system architectures and modern workflows showing data exchange,practical parallel implementations designed to handle large amounts of data,in addition to communication standards that serve as interoperability enablers.It demystifies the relationship between different functions developed independently by power system researchers and shows their operation as a complete system,thus placing them in a better context for future research and development.

加氢站分布式发电及能源综合利用示范研究

当前我国氢能技术发展及应用尚不成熟,应用产业配套不足,导致氢能业务应用场景单一,难以与新能源市场需求相匹配。研究加氢站分布式发电技术是实现氢能应用场景多元化的重要手段,对提升氢能利用价值具有重大贡献。文章基于政策、市场、技术角度分析了加氢站分布式发电的发展趋势;针对质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)和固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC),从理论技术与实际应用层面对比了其优劣势,阐述了PEMFC分布式能源综合利用系统的工作原理。最后,以某企业加氢站为例,结合市场调研数据,开展项目投资测算及敏感性分析,验证了加氢站PEMFC分布式能源综合利用系统的可行性。

机房气流优化实测分析

为提高机房空调能效,本文针对现有汇聚机房气流组织存在的问题和原因进行分析,通过仿真模拟出不同送风方式对于机房气流流场的影响,并通过实际工程案例进行验证。将优化送风方式的方案与常规方案的空调能效和电源使用效率进行对比分析,发现采用下送风空调可以优化机房气流组织,更有效地提升房间的冷量利用率。

配电网设备利用率评价标准与提升措施

针对当前配电设备利用效率缺乏评价手段的问题,提出了中压配电网设备利用率的评估标准与提升措施。首先,从设备和网络2个角度,对配电网设备利用率的概念进行了定义,并深入分析了2者之间的相互关系;其次,借鉴配电网供电能力的概念与成果,通过"N-x"准则、网络结构、负荷特性及其发展裕度等影响因素的研究,提出了配电网设备利用率评价标准的计算方法,并针对不同地区的实际特点,制定了差异化的评价标准;最后,结合相关因素的具体影响,提出了设备利用效率的提升措施,并研究得出设备利用效率提升措施的综合效益评估思路与方法。研究成果可为配电网现状和规划方案的评价、近期改造方案和远景规划方案的提出等工作提供基本的技术手段。

基于分布式协同的配电网电压和功率优化控制方法研究

传统集中式控制模式可靠性低、计算和通信压力大、可扩展性差,不能适应分布式电源渗透率不断提高背景下配电网运行和控制的要求。该文基于分布式协同控制思想,采用分布式电源分组模式设计了配电网多目标分布式优化控制策略。考虑配电网线路电阻/电抗比较大的特点,以容量利用比为一致性变量设计了电压控制分组的分布式控制算法;根据配电网与外部电网交换有功和无功功率差额的不同情况,分别设计了以容量利用比和功率因数为一致性变量的功率交换控制分布式控制算法,并给出了三种控制分组控制算法的参数整定方法。通过IEEE14节点系统中的仿真算例验证了所提方法的正确性和有效性。该方法为实现高渗透率分布式电源接入的配电网优化运行提供了参考。

基于数据包络分析的配电线路利用有效性研究

探讨了数据包络分析(Data Envelopment Analysis, DEA)在配电线路利用有效性研究中的应用,通过对46条架空配电线路的实例研究给出了一种基于DEA的配电线路利用有效性量化评价方法。该方法从投入产出的角度构建输入、输出指标,用DEA对配电线路利用效率进行测算和评价,得出了配电线路的利用效率、非有效配电线路与其最优状况之间的差距、规模有效性总体分布情况和投入要素的冗余统计。决策者据此可采取针对性措施改善线路状况,同时也为制定配电投资和电价相关政策提供了参考依据。

分布式发电中燃料电池的建模与控制

合适的燃料电池(fuel cell,FC)动态模型对分布式发电技术的研究起着很重要的作用。提出了非线性质子交换膜燃料电池和固体氧化物燃料电池的动态模型,该模型考虑了燃料利用率的影响和各种反应物随时间变化的压力。并在该模型的基础上,应用电池效率和发电经济性分析得出了燃料利用率一般控制在0.7～0.9范围内比较好。详细阐述了FC在并网运行时的控制策略,以及在含FC发电系统的潮流计算中,将FC的并网节点当作PV节点来处理。

无功补偿设备和分布式电源协同的配电网优化控制策略研究

集中式控制模式因可靠性低、通信计算压力大、可扩展性差而不能适应高渗透率分布式电源接入的配电网控制的需求。考虑配电网中接入的无功补偿设备,基于分布式协同控制思想,利用分布式电源分组和无功补偿设备分组实现配电网多目标分布式优化控制。针对节点电压控制,设计了以分布式电源容量利用比为一致性变量的电压控制组分布式控制算法。根据配电网与外部电网交换功率差额的信息,设计了以无功补偿设备容量利用比为一致性变量的无功控制组分布式控制算法。对于有功功率控制,设计了分别以容量利用比和功率因数为一致性变量的有功控制组分布式控制算法。给出了各控制组分布式控制算法参数的整定方法,并进行了两种有功功率控制方法的比较。通过14节点配电网系统的仿真算例验证了该方法的正确性和有效性。

智能配用电园区技术集成方案

面对分布式电源、分布式储能装置、电动汽车的规模化接入以及用户需求侧响应等新的边界条件,配用电园区的功能和业务逐步向交叉整合方向发展,而技术集成是实现上述目标的基础。介绍了智能配用电园区技术集成的总体研究思路,围绕设备与设备、设备与系统及系统与系统3个方面给出了具体的集成方法,探讨了园区集成的信息安全防护问题。该技术集成方案将在中新天津生态城得到应用。