基于Power On项目管理系统房地产项目成本控制探究

利用项目管理软件集成系统进行企业级项目管理得到了许多尝试和推广,是企业提高管理效率、有效控制成本的工具,为企业带来了很好的管理效果。运用项目管理软件,建立项目管理模型,在项目管理的各个环节中进行成本控制研究。房地产企业通过在Power On平台上做项目管理与成本控制的尝试,主要从企业的组织管理机构、项目前期策划、设计、招投标、施工、竣工验收维修等阶段,探究开发过程中成本控制效果。

Establish an International Communication Platform for Human Rights and Promote China's Discourse Power on Human Rights——A Review on Ten Years of Beijing Forum on Human Rights

The beijing forum on Human Rights is a global human rights forum founded by the china Society for Human Rights Studies in 2008? it has been successfully held for nine times? in the past 10 years, the forum has kept up with the trend of the times and carefully set up issues; seeking common ground while reserving differences,seeking the greatest consensus on human rights; being open and inclusive, and building a model of international human rights exchange and cooperation? The forum has become a high-level academic platform for human rights exchanges and cooperation on the basis of equality,harmony, tolerance, openness and mutual respect, and has played an important role in promoting the healthy development of the international human rights cause? With the socialism with chinese characteristics entering a new era, the beijing forum on Human Rights needs to position new roles in the new era, seek more clear development momentum and direction, and promote the vitality, cohesiveness and international influence of the forum in a deep and all-round way and contribute to the development of world human rights cause and global human rights governance?

Spending Power on the rise in China’s Smaller Cities

China’s big spenders now far-flung by Yu Nan WIDELY recognized as one of the most beautiful cities in China,the coastal port of Dalian is a perfect example of a lowertier city becoming a growth hub for multinationals, owing to stronger purchasing power. That trend inspired Boston Consulting Group(BCG) to release a report,advising businessmen to look beyond the familiar mega-cities to the fast-growing smaller

Effect of Laser Power on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of TiN/Ti_3Al Composite Coatings on Ti6Al4V

Laser nitriding is one of the effective techniques to improve the surface properties of titanium alloys and has potential application in the life extension of last-stage steam turbine blades. However, cracking of surface coating is a common problem due to heat concentration in laser nitriding process. Conventionally, the cracks can be avoided through heat treatment, which may have an important influence on the mechanical properties of coating. Crack-free TiN/Ti3Al IMC coatings on Ti6Al4V are prepared by plasma spraying and laser nitriding. The microstructures, phase constitutes and compositions of the coating are observed and analyzed with scanning electron microscopy(SEM), X-ray diffraction(XRD) and X-ray energy-dispersive spectroscopy(EDS). Microhardness, elastic modulus, fracture toughness of the coating are measured. The results show that the crackand pore-free IMC coatings can be made through the proposed method; with increasing laser power, the amount and density of TiN phase in the coating first increased and then decreased, leading to the similar trend of microhardness and elastic modulus and the reverse trend of fracture toughness of the coating. Both the average microhardness and elastic modulus of the coating increase three times higher than those of the substrate. The volume fraction of the TiN reinforced phase in composite can be controlled by varying the laser power and the cracking problem in laser nitriding process is successfully solved.

Effect of Laser Power on Microstructure and Wear Resistance of WC_P/Ni Cermet Coating

Laser cladding nickel-based alloy coating （Ni60） and nickel-based composite coating doped with WC particles by 35 % （WCp/Ni） were produced on the low-carbon steel substrate by CO2 continuous wave laser with power of 5 kW using the injected powder technique. The effect of laser power on microstructure and wear resistance of laser cladding WCp/Ni cermet coating was investigated. The WCp/Ni alloy coating with evenly distributed WC ceramic phases and the better bond with the substrate alloy was obtained at a power of 2.2 kW. Diffusion solution reaction happened between WC particles and the substrate alloy during laser cladding, and led to the formation of block rich-tungsten carbide on the edges of the WC particles, especially at higher power. The WCp/Ni alloy coating consists of the undissolved WC particles, the block or dendritic rich-tungsten carbide, the bar-like rich-chromium carbide, and dendrite solid solution and eutectic structure among the carbides. Microhardness and wear resistance of the WCp/Ni coating at different powers were much higher or better than those of Ni60 alloy coating, and the best results were obtained at power of 2.2 kW.

Influence of Microwave Power on the Properties of Hydrogenated Diamond-Like Carbon Films Prepared by ECR Plasma Enhanced DC Magnetron Sputtering

Electron cyclotron resonance （ECR） plasma was applied to enhance the direct current magnetron sputtering to prepare hydrogenated diamond-like carbon （H-DLC） films. For different microwave powers, both argon and hydrogen gas are introduced separately as the ECR working gas to investigate the influence of microwave power on the microstructure and electrical property of the H-DLC films deposited on P-type silicon substrates. A series of characterization methods including the Raman spectrum and atomic force microscopy are used. Results show that, within a certain range, the increase in microwave power affects the properties of the thin films, namely the sp3 ratio, the hardness, the nanoparticle size and the resistivity all increase while the roughness decreases with the increase in microwave power. The maximum of resistivity amounts to 1.1×10^9 Ω.cm. At the same time it is found that the influence of microwave power on the properties of H-DLC films is more pronounced when argon gas is applied as the ECR working gas, compared to hydrogen gas.

Effect of laser power on microstructure and mechanical properties of laser heat conduction lap welded joint between AZ31B magnesium alloy and DP780 galvanized steel

In this work, laser heat conduction lap welding(LHCLW) of AZ31B magnesium alloy sheet and DP780galvanized steel sheet was carried out by the defocused laser beam. The effects of laser power on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the joint were studied. The pros and cons of the joint were identified and evaluated by measuring the tensile shear strength, microhardness and microstructure observation. The formation mechanism of various phases at the Mg/steel interface was analyzed. The results indicated that the galvanized layer could promote the metallurgical bonding between magnesium alloy and steel by improving the diffusion ability of molten magnesium alloy at the steel interface and reacting with Mg, so as to enhance the strength of the joint. A continuous dense layered eutectic structure(α-Mg+MgZn) was formed at the interface of the joint, while MgZn_(2)and MgZn phase was formed at the weld edge zone and heat affective zone(HAZ), whereas no reaction layer was generated between the uncoated steel and magnesium alloy. A sound joint could be obtained at 2.5 kW, and the corresponding tensile shear strength reached the maximum value of 42.9 N/mm. The strength was slightly reduced at 2.6 kW due to the existence of microcracks in the eutectic reaction layer.

EFFECT OF ULTRASONIC POWER ON THE HEAVY ALUMINUM WEDGE BONDING STRENGTH

Eleven groups of wire bonding experiments are carried out on an experiment platform （restructured with a U3000 heavy aluminum wedge wire bonder）. Pure silicon aluminum wire （300 μm in diameter, 2.94-3.92 N in average pull force） and nickel coated aluminum substrates are used in the experiments. During the experiment process, only ultrasonic power rate parameter is changed and the other bonding parameters are kept as constant, The bonding force and time are 4.90 N and 100 ms respectively. After the bonding experiments, shear strength tests are carried out on the bonds as the bonding strength criterion. From those experiments and test results, some conclusions are obtained： In the small ultrasonic power rate conditions （about 20%-30%）, with the power increasing, the bonding strength enhances accordingly; However, in the large ultrasonic power rate conditions （about 45%-70%）, the bonding strength decreases accordingly and over bonding happens. Only when the ultrasonic power rate is in a moderate condition （about 35%-40%） can good and stabilized bonding strength be acquired.

An LCC-HVDC Adaptive Emergency Power Support Strategy Based on Unbalanced Power On-Line Estimation

HVDC auxiliary power control can significantly improve the transient stability of AC/DC power grid.An HVDC adaptive emergency power support method based on unbalanced power on line estimation is proposed in this paper.By establishing the extended state equation of the system,the on line dynamic estimation of unbalanced power of the system was realized.On this basis,power support was realized based on the principle of the ladder increment.The optimal DC was selected by the power support factor,and the emergency power support controller was installed on the DC.This emergency power support method can realize dynamic optimal power support with minimized control cost.The three infeed HVDC system was built on PSCAD.The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed method.

THE EFFECTS OF SPUTTERING POWER ON STRUCTURE AND ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF Cu FILMS

Cu films with thickness of about 500nm were deposited on glass substrateswithout heating by DC magnetron sputtering in pure Ar gas of 1.0Pa. The sputtering powers weremaintained at 390V X 0.27A, 430V X 0.70A and 450V X l.04A, and the corresponding deposition rates ofCu film reached 35nm/min, l04nm/min and 167nm/min. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopyand atomic force microscopy were used to observe the structural characteristics of the films. Theresistance of the films was measured using four-point probe technique. The amount of larger grainsincreases and the resistivity of the films decreases evidently with an increase in sputtering power.It is considered that the increase in deposition rate with sputtering power mainly weakens theinfluence of residual gas atoms on the growing film, and increases substrate and gas temperatures,resulting in the increase in grain size and the decrease in resistivity of the Cu film.

Impact of ultrasonic power on liquid fraction,microstructure and physical characteristics of A356 alloy molded through cooling slope

This study involves A356 alloy molded through ultrasonically vibrated cooling slope.The slope alongside ultrasonic power enables indispensable shear for engendering slurry from which the semisolid cast/heat treated billets got produced.An examination demonstrates ultrasonically vibrated cooling slope influencing the liquid fraction/microstructure/physical characteristics of stated billets.The investigation encompasses five diverse ultrasonic powers(0,75,150,200,250 W).The ultrasonic power of 150 W delivers finest/rounded microstructure with enhanced physical characteristics.Microstructural modifications reason physical transformations because of grain refinement and grain boundary/Hall-Petch strengthening.A smaller grain size reasons a higher strength/shape factor and an increased homogeneity reasons a higher ductility.Microstructural characteristics get improved by reheating.It is owing to coalescence throughout temperature homogenization.The physical characteristics is improved by reheating because of a reduced porosity and enhanced dissolution besides augmented homogeneity.A direct comparison remains impossible owing to unavailability of researches on ultrasonically vibrated cooling slope.

Influence of corneal power on circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer and optic nerve head measurements by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography

AIM：To evaluate the influence of corneal power on circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer（cp RNFL）and optic nerve head（ONH）measurements by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography（SD-OCT）.METHODS：Twenty-five eyes of 25 healthy participants（mean age 23.6±3.6y）were imaged by SD-OCT using horizontal raster scans.Disposable soft contact lenses of different powers（from-11 to＋5 diopters including 0diopter）were worn to induce 2-diopter changes in corneal power.Differences in the cp RNFL and ONH measurements per diopter of change in corneal power were analyzed.RESULTS：As corneal power increased by 1 diopter,total and quadrant cp RNFL thicknesses,except for the nasal sector,decreased by-0.19 to-0.32μm（P〈0.01）.Furthermore,the disc,cup,and rim areas decreased by-0.017,-0.007,and-0.015 mm2,respectively（P〈0.001）;the cup and rim volumes decreased by-0.0013 and-0.006 mm3,respectively（P〈0.01）;and the vertical and horizontal disc diameters decreased by-0.006 and-0.007 mm,respectively（P〈0.001）.CONCLUSION：For more precise OCT imaging,the ocular magnification should be corrected by considering both the axial length and corneal power.However,the effect of corneal power changes on cp RNFL thickness and ONH topography are small when compare with those of the axial length.

Effect of laser power on metal transfer in laser-double arcs P-MAG hybrid welding with single power source

The effect of laser power on metal transfer is studied under conditions of alternating combustion of double arcs in order to develop the welding process of the laser-double arcs pulsed metal active gas （P-MAG） hybrid welding with single power. Different laser power corresponds to different interactive mechanisms of laser and arc and to different methods of metal transfer in the hybrid welding. When the laser power ascends from 500 W to 1 500 W, the methods of metal transfer change from the complex transfer of one droplet per pulse, one droplet two pulses and one droplet much more pulses during the mixture of globular and projected transfer of the lead wire, and from one droplet two pulses and one droplet three pulses during globular transfer of the follow wire to the methods of the metal transfer of both lead wire and follow wire are stable one droplet two pulses and one droplet three pulses when the metal transfer is mainly globular. The arc sharps and pressure of droplet are altered with the laser power changing. The compression of the arcs is strengthened by the laser and the offset of the center of droplet mass is much more obvious with the increasing of the laser power.

The Effect of Discharge Power on the Atmospheric Pressure Non-equilibrium Ar/O_2/TiCl_4 Plasma Deposition of TiO_2 Film

Deposition of TiO2 film from atmospheric pressure non- equilibrium Ar/O2/TiCl4 plasma was done to study the effect of discharge power during the film deposition process in this paper. TiO2 films with kinds of morphologies and controlled crystallization were deposited from mixtures of TiCl4 and O2 on quartz substrate by one step process. Scanning electron microscope （SEM） and transmission electron microscope （TEM） were used to analyze the morphology and crystallization of the deposited TiO2 films. It was found that the discharge power played a key role in the morphology and crystallization of the deposited TiO2 film whether the flow of TiCl4was large or small. When the flow of TiCl4 was large, the deposited TiO2 film was amorphous particles at low discharge power and was multi-crystalline at high discharge power. When the flow of TiCl4 was small, the deposited TiO2 film became more compact and the crystallization was enhanced as the discharge power increased. The dependence of the discharge current and the applied voltage with the discharge power indicated that it was a glow discharge. The gas temperature which increases with the discharge power is one of the main causes that affect the morphology and crystallization of the deposited film.

The Effect of Infrared Light’s Power on the Infrared Spectra of Thin Films

There are numerous evidences that a relationship exists between the average power P of electromagnetic waves and the mechanical motion of the objects interacting with them. We investigate the effects of infrared (IR) light’s average power P on the transmission Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of thin cubic Yb2O3 and rhombohedral LaAlO3 films deposited on silicon via atomic layer deposition. We find that different values of P of the IR light displace the minima of the absorption bands. This effect is reproducible in different sets of experiments and in different spectrometers. To interpret the experimental findings, we use the law of conservation of energy. We find a correlation among the energy of the IR waves and the number, moment of inertia, and vibrational/rotational frequency of the bonds involved in the vibrational or rotational motion. The law of conservation of energy unveils that larger values of P of the IR light and lower wavenumbers of the resonances involve a larger number of crystal bonds. One practical application of our approach is that it suggests a way to improve the sensitivity of the FTIR spectra of thin crystalline films in the far IR region.

On Impacts of Cultural Soft Power on Translation -by Analyzing Popularity of Yu Hua’s Works in US

With the emergence of the Cultural School in the 1990s, researchers began to deem that translation is inevitably associated with political tendencies and aspirations of social groups, and the relationship between source language and target language has never gone beyond politics and are always entangled with power. From political perspective, this thesis will take the popularity of Yu Hua’s works in US into account to analyze and explore how cultural soft power, has impacts on translation activities, especially translation direction and source text selection.

Perception and Uses of Stakeholders＇ Power on Health and Safety Risk Management in Construction Projects in Tanzania

Key project stakeholders such as clients, consultant teams, contractors and workers have different sources of power to implement projects. How these powers influence health and safety risk management is not well documented. This article therefore assesses the perception and uses of stakeholders＇ power on health and safety in risk management in construction projects in Tanzania, specifically focuses on sources and types of power, how stakeholders perceive their power, how they use power on health and safety risk management, and what factors hinders their use of power. A case study strategy was adopted and four large on-going construction projects in Dar es Salaam Tanzania were involved. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with clients, consultants, contractors and construction workers. Findings indicate that stakeholders have different sources of power such as technical expertise, legitimate, political position, resources information to influence health and safety risk management. Nonetheless, the use of these powers was generally limited due to low level of knowledge on health and safety risk management among stakeholders, wrong perception on their roles, insufficient health and safety regulations and weak procurement system. The research recommends that, in order to realize health and safety performance through using stakeholder＇s power, there is a need of clear definition of stakeholders＇ role and responsibilities on health and safety, wide knowledge and experiences on health and safety risk management, strong regulatory system and procurement system.

Discussion on the Logical Coordination between Legal Theory and Legal Practice——from the Perspective of the Legal Basis of NPC5s Discussion and Decisiomaking Power on Major Issues

The decision of local people's congresses to discuss major issues is a basic right granted to local people's congresses by the Chinese Constitution and laws.However,in practice,the implementation of the power of deliberation of major issues by local people's congresses is worrying.By applying the theory of Chinese traditionalism and unity in the theory of law,the theory of"sovereignty in the people"in the social contract theory of Western natural law school,Austin's"legal command theory55 in Western positivist law and Hart's"recognition""Rules theory"to argue that the integrity of rights necessarily involves the dual factors of decision-making and execution.At the same time,the existence and operation of the law always reflects the development of the political system.The realistic political situation requires us to make more precise and meticulous refinement of the external form and specific technical links of the legal system,and to coordinate the rules to make up the legal theory and Conflicts and conflicts in legal practice help to reform social institutions.

Impact of Wind Power on the ATC Values in Hydro-Dominated Power System

The wind power generation is increasing in many countries as a result of decreasing technology costs, active government policies for renewable energy sources, environmental concerns, etc.. This paper investigates the impact of wind power generation on ATC （available transmission capacity） calculation. In order to determine the maximum incremental MW transfer possible between two parts of a power system without violating any specified limits, ATCs are calculated. When calculating ATC values, it is necessary to assume production and consumption pattern in power system. Production of wind power depends on the wind speed, which is a random variable and it is impossible to forecast exactly the production of wind power that is needed for the ATCs calculation. In order to investigate influence of the stochastic wind power production on the ATCs value, computer model of Croatian electric power system is made in Power World Simulator. ATCs are calculated for southern part of Croatian power system in which besides wind power, hydro power plants are only type of power generation. Available wind speed measurements are used as input data for wind power production. The results of the ATC calculation for different scenario of wind power production and location in the Southern Croatian power system are presented and discussed in the paper.

Analysis of the Parameters of the Ore RestorationFurnaces for Equal Power on the Shelf-Baking andGraphitized Electrodes

Results of calculation of the power indicators of the ore restoration arc furnaces with the set power of 10.5 MVA workingon are given as on the self-baking also on the graphitized electrodes. It is established that despite high cost of the graphitizedelectrodes in comparison with the self-baking electrodes, power parameters much more improve. Besides, the natural power factorincreases, melting time decreases and that the most important the furnace turns out compact, convenient for service, building of thegraphitized electrodes is carried out for a small period, and also the number of service personnel is reduced. We propose a newdesign scheme of low-voltage circuit for the arc furnace according to the scheme ＂a triangle on the electrodes＂ designed in athree-bifilar version, in which more complete symmetry is gained by means of the crosspieces forming a triangle directly at theelectrode arms. In the proposed scheme, the current-carrying tubes that have different polarity are located on the same arm that leadsto further reduction in low-voltage circuit inductance. The application of this scheme allows for reducing reactive and activeresistances of low-voltage circuits by 2.5-3 times and 15-20%, respectively, as well as for shortening the heat, reducing specificenergy consumption and increasing the installation power factor.