A Possible Approach to Introduce Word Memorizing Methods into College English Teaching

Words acquisition should be the most decisive and basic part, though modern English education does not take enough attention, especially in college English teaching. A recent survey on the Internet reveals that college students are worrying about their words power very much, eager to find an efficient and effective way. Hence, various modes of word memorizing methods are collected and a brief classification and remark are available. By an overall analysis of those methods, a new approach compromised by different kinds of methods turns out. This new approach completely abides by the philosophy of pragmatism, and every idea with practical use will be introduced to it, e.g. psychology of language and so on.

The Way to Achieve Chinese Dream: Pragmatism of Benjamin Franklin

Benjamin Franklin is the Father of America. He is the pioneer of achieving the American dream. His pragmatism,which is the basis of American's values. The essay conclude the Benjamin Franklin's devotion on friendship, education, diplomacy and writing in order to give some inspirations for us to achieve the Chinese dream.

Chinese Investments in Brazil Have Shown Resilience and Pragmatism

Brazil has been considered to be an open and diversified economy with a wide array of opportunities across multiple productive sectors.Although Brazil is home to a competitive industrial sector,leading a number of industries in Latin America,there are still numerous opportunities for business development in areas such as energy,oil and gas,health care,agribusiness,infrastructure,and innovation,amongst others.

Is There a Feminist Text in Jane Eyre?--A Reappraisal

After the publication of Virginia Woolf’s A Room of One’s Own(1929),which to many critics marked the beginning of a sustained thinking about women writing and feminist literary theory,it has become a commonplace to read Jane Eyre as a feminist text.Evidences in the novel,though not abundant,can be found to support such a reading.But Jane Eyre is not an enumeration of the rights of women,neither is it a manifesto or a catalogue of wrongs done unto women by society.Wherever the text refers to women having similar ambitions to men,as shown in a passage often quoted in Chapter XII of the book,we must bear in mind that Jane,an orphan placed in an unloving home,a brutal school and an unsympathetic employment environment,must make her way in life as best she can.She has no time for feminist sentiment,her survival allows for nothing outside of her own labor.To suggest that Jane is expressing herself as a feminist by taking up employment is ludicrous;she is merely surviving as countless male characters likewise do.Jane’s pragmatism is given further heft by her reaction to Bertha’s death.Bertha dead is a problem solved,a barrier removed.If she has to tweak the narrative to allow for this then she will,the ex-servant’s reiteration of Bertha’s death is pregnant with self justification,not his but Jane’s.Indeed Jane’s good sense,adaptability and,above all,awareness of her personal circumstances are given as causes for her pragmatic decision-making.This may seem a brutal scheme of values but it is all she has to work with.Rather than searching for Bront?’s true voice in the text and,thereby,attempting to graft onto it a proto-feminism,we should instead recognize Jane’s true voice coming through that of the ex-servant.Far from being feminist,a thought Jane cannot indulge,she is the supreme realist,willing,in the final analysis to disregard even murder in the pursuit of her own safety and repose.Jane is an expression of Bront?in that both are women of dubious background,seeking success in a world so far out of their control that they must use any and all means either in their possession or available to them via an outside agency to get on.

Values, Strengths, and Reality： A Multidimensional Reading ofthe Obama Phenomenon

After fierce competition, Obama won the presidential race and was successfully elected as the firstAfrican-American President in US history. Unlike his predecessors, his success is primarily dependent on personalstruggle rather than renowned family background or remarkable personal political experience andaccomplishments; the change in US political environment reflected by the case is defined as ＂The ObamaPhenomenon＂. The Obama Phenomenon is the product of a variety of factors： The values of Individualism alongwith the philosophy of Pragmatism have built the macro-environment for it; Obama＇s elite political backgroundand his excellent personal strengths have laid the foundation for his success; the mistakes in domestic and foreignaffairs made by the Bush Administration made the Republican Party lose popular support, which removed theobstacles to Obama＇s success. This paper is to explore the reasons for Obama＇s success so as to contribute to abetter understanding of the changes in US society, in particular its political environment, excavate the impetus forthe changes, and rationally predict its

Rorty＇s Point of Departure from Mainstream Pragmatist Approach to Epistemology

Our main focus in this paper is to try to show Rorty＇s point of departure from mainstream pragmatist treatment of epistemology. In his pragmatic approach to epistemology, Rorty urges that a good pragmatist should abandon epistemology as a foundational and rational discipline and instead opt for conversation, the view that knowledge is an expression of judgment of a historically conditioned social group） According to Rorty, the view that we should disentangle ourselves from rigid canons of epistemology is the quest of classical pragmatism traceable to the writings of William James and John Dewey. On this showing, Rorty argues that conversationalism is consistent with mainstream or original pragmatism. Contrary to Rorty＇s claim we try to show, in the following pages, that his pragmatic approach to epistemology is a deviation from mainstream pragmatism. We establish that mainstream or classical pragmatists do not repudiate epistemology.

Objectivity on Quantum Events： The Principle of Complementarity and the Rortian Perspective

In this writing, I reconstruct the Principle of Complementarity in Quantum Mechanics, elaborated by Niels Bohr, and the conception of objectivity implied in it （and in Bohr＇s writings）. Then, I connect it with the epistemological pragmatism of the philosopher Richard Rorty. My aim is to reinterpret some issues of this quantum description that concern the category of objectivity from the Rortian perspective in a plausible way. This allows me to connect in a positive and a negative sense some quantum （and Bohrian） assumptions to the Rortian perspective, but mainly, it allows to reconsider the framework of scientific objects from the modern perspective to a new pragmatist and anti-essentialist point of view.

The Tactical Mind in Soccer： The Habit of the Brazilian Squad in the 1970＇s World Cup

This work aims at understanding the tactical action of soccer players from the point of view of Peirce＇s pragmatism. We will focus on the maxim of pragmatism, in which the elements of every concept enter into logical thinking through the doors of perception and leave through the doors of utilitarian actions. In this paper, we investigate the formation of a habit able to manage collective actions on a soccer field. The efficiency of this habit is related to collateral experience shared among soccer players： characteristics of high performance sports training. This unique experience orchestrates perceptions and reasoning, leading to efficient combination of conclusions and influences collective actions. We will analyze the concept that we call avalanche in bow-arrow applied to the 1970＇s Brazilian soccer team.

Experience and Radical Democracy

The economic crisis within the European Union also involves a crisis of democracy. On the one side the austerity-politics of the Troika limits the influence of democratic procedures. On the other side new forms of social protests rise in which social actors struggle for an extension of the democratic public： the resistance against evictions the self-organization of medical care, the occupation of public places etc. realized new forms of social cooperation, discussion and decision-making processes. On this background a reference to John Deweys theory of the democratic public seems to be helpful to reconstruct and to orient these conflicts and the claims raised in them. According to Dewey the normative criteria which we use if we evaluate actions or common institutions are a part of the social process and insofar a process themselves. These criteria have to be reflected and reformulated in new situations in which new social problems and conflicts occur. The democratic public is in this conception the realm in which a common elucidation of problematic social consequences of the existing institutions takes place and in which proposals for the overcoming of these consequences are formulated. Therefore it reconstructs the central norms embedded within the social institutions, it shows how collective actions guided by these norms leads to problematic social consequences. This is then the background for a critical reflection on, and a reformulation of the guiding norms of these institutions. To realize such a form of collective self-determination the democratic public can not be reduced to a separate political sphere, rather it has to be extended to all forms of social cooperation especially the economy.

We Are One:On the Idea of the Moral Postulate

The moral postulate is the key concept of ethical pragmatism that suggests that whatever is genuinely beneficial,an individual must be genuinely good for the group.Dewey suggests that the moral postulate implies the solutions to moral disagreements.This paper examines pragmatists’ethics and proposes that people are justified to hold this belief.Moreover,that people hold the belief makes the realization of the moral postulate and solutions of moral disagreements possible.This paper provides a unique approach to solving moral disagreements and avoids the dichotomy between Kantianism and Utilitarianism.

Philosophical Thinking on Chinese Drama

There is a profound and close relationship between philosophy and drama. All great writers have a philosophical vision and fantasy of one kind or another. As Wang Guowei said, "A Dream of Red Mansions is universally acclaimed as a philosophical and literary work." However, Chinese drama has always been plagued by pragmatism and instrumentalism, and often finds itself caught in the trap of philosophical poverty when it comes to dramatic writing and theoretical criticism related to drama. Friedrich Engels once said, "The immense depth of thought and the historical content are perfectly integrated with the vividness and richness of Shakespearean plots." This remains the highest philosophical standards we are going to reach in dramatic writing.

Pragmatism of Benjamin Franklin

Benjamin Franklin,a leading author,scientist,inventor,diplomat and politician,is the symbol of self-discipline and a role model who fulfills American dream.This paper attempts to bring Franklin back into discussions of American pragmatism,and it concludes origins of pragmatism,reasons for Franklin’s pragmatic spirit,manifestation of pragmatic spirit and pragmatism in China.

Neo-Pragmatism and the Trends of Contemporary Western Confucian Studies

This paper analyzes and compares the trend of neo-pragmatism in today’s Western Confucian studies and reveals how it constitutes a certain academic movement in this field.In the analysis of this trend,this paper explores the similarities and differences between certain academic research topics and discusses the rationality of these controversial and even confusing issues.The significance of the neo-pragmatist trend in Confucianism is multiple:(1)it has opened a new stage for the development of contemporary Western Confucian studies;and(2)it can expand Confucius’s thought more widely and deeply to other humanitieselds of the Western intelligentsia,and even to ordinary people.

Algorithm Regulation Under the Framework of Human Rights Protection——From the Perspective of Toronto Declaration

The application of artificial intelligence algorithms in public services brings with it issues such as algorithmic discrimination and inequality.The discussion of the ethics and regulation of algorithms,from the legal perspective,is actually the relationship between intelligent algorithms and the protection of human rights.In response to the discrimination and prejudice of algorithmic violations of human rights,a coalition of nonprofit organizations released the Toronto Declaration on Machine Learning regulates the development and use of algorithms with the principle of"due process."The Ethics Guidelines for Trustworthy AI issued by the European Union in 2019 focus on the participants in algorithm development.While US courts that the algorithms enjoy the right to"freedom of speech".China should learn from the foreign algorithm regulation experience,and seek to establish an overall framework of government regulation that balances the need for technological innovation and commercial competition with human rights protection.

The Study of the Image "Ark" in America

The images of "boat" and "ark" are often used as metaphors by all walks of life ranging from statesmen to the film makers in America.There are also many boats or arks in American society.From the Noah Ark in old times to the ark in the film 2012,they all play an important role,because they reflect the different trends of values,faith and ideology in different periods of America.Based on the three following texts:Old Testaments,Lifeboat Ethnic and 2012:Doomsday,it will reveal the values of materialism and pragmatism which are shown in contemporary American.

Pragmatism: An Important Characteristic of Chinese Cultural Psychology

There is a short tale that requires careful reading. A philosopher took a ferry across the river. He asked the boatman： ＂Do you understand philosophy？＂ The boatman answered： ＂I don＇t.＂ The philosopher said： ＂In that way, you have lost half of your life.＂

The cautionary tale of Peirce’s logical interpretant

In 1904,Peirce described to Lady Welby a six-division typology composed of the sign,two objects,and a trio of interpretants for which he subsequently proposed numerous denominations.Of the three,the final interpretant was particularly problematic,and over the years Peirce experimented with at least eight different identifying terms such as“final,”“rational,”“normal,”“eventual,”etc.One group of interpretants is especially interesting as it only occurs in a single manuscript but has attracted considerable critical attention,namely the emotional,energetic,and logical interpretant series in a projected article of 1907.The paper examines the description of these,paying particular attention to the logical interpretant,and suggests how important aspects of the logic determining how Peirce defined them may have been neglected or ignored by researchers.It first shows how the group was presented,how the logical interpretant related to Peirce’s purpose in the article,how it related to a restricted conception of the dynamic object in the manuscript,and explains through an analysis of its logical complications why Peirce was led to abandon it.These considerations suggest that much of the critical attention that the logical interpretant in particular has generated might be incomplete or,more seriously,nonsense.

早期Pragmatism中文译名的变迁

1906年至1930年代初,“pragmatism”一词先后被翻译为“实用论”“实用主义”“实验主义”“唯用论”“唯用主义”等不同的名称。张东荪、胡适、叶青、李季等人围绕“pragmatism”的译名问题进行了大量立论、阐释与批评。张东荪是最早将“pragmatism”翻译为“实用论”的学者,但后来却弃用这一名词。胡适首次向中文读者介绍这一哲学思想时,为突出杜威这一派“实验的方法”,提出采用“实验主义”作中文总名,并为之对应英文名称“experimentalism”,违背了英文学术界的规范——“experimentalism”专指杜威的思想,“pragmatism”才是皮尔士、詹姆士、杜威等人思想的总名。叶青、李季批评胡适的译法是在冒充科学,他们认为“实用主义”才名副其实。“pragmatism”中文译名的变迁既体现了各位译者的主观立场,也展现了各思想流派的相互竞争。

＂Bodyheartminding＂ （Xin ,心）： Reconceiving the Inner Self and the Outer World in the Language of Holographic Focus and Field

In this essay, inspired by the somatic turn in philosophy initiated by Richard Shusterman, I want to invoke the language of classical Confucian philosophy to think through the best efforts of William James and John Dewey to escape the mind-body and nature-nurture dualisms--that is, to offer an alternative vocabulary that might lend further clarity to the revolutionary insights of James and Dewey by appealing to the processual categories of Chinese cosmology. What I will try to do first is to refocus the pragmatist＇s explanation of the relationship between mind and body through the lens of a process Confucian cosmology. And then, to make the case for James and Dewey, I will return to the radical, imagistic language they invoke to try and make the argument that this processual, holistic understanding of ＂vital bodyminding＂ is in fact what they were trying to say all along.