Acid Value Determination and Pre-Esterification of Crude Euphorbia lathyris L. Oil

There were various problems in the determination of oil acid value of the national standard method, and this paper developed a low cost, simple and effective way to determine the acid value of oil and grease. Furthermore, the esterification of high acid Euphorbia lathyris L. oil (ELO) with methanol could be efficiently catalyzed by hydrochloric acid to produce biodiesel, and the influencing factors such as the amount of catalyst, reaction time, reaction temperature and molar ratio of oil to methanol were also studied. Under the optimized conditions with the oil to methanol molar ratio of 1:30 and a reaction temperature of 70℃, 95.8% oil conversion was obtained within 40 min in the presence of only 2.0 wt% of catalyst. Therefore, the low-cost non-edible Euphorbia lathyris L. oil as a raw material had good potential for the synthesis of biodiesel in industry.

Reflection of Liberal Values in the Georgian Press in 1918-1921

This study deals with the values and orientation of Georgian social and political publications in the times of the Georgian Democratic Republic （1918-1921）. It also shows how the press of that time reflected the idea of ＂Georgian Europeanism＂ based on liberal values that took shape as an anti-colonial concept in the journalism of the late 19th century. The opposed dominant ideological projects of that era comprised on the one hand, National Democratic and Socialist Federalist parties that aspired to preserve national identity and carry out changes and on the other hand, ruling Social Democrats （who initially neglected national identity, but later shared the idea）. This opposition was clearly reflected in the media discourse of that time, which implied the following rights based on the principles of classical liberalism： freedom of conscience and expression, rule of law, personal independence, and individual rights. Other elements were added to this list later. The issue of religious tolerance also became topical. Journalist texts of the period reflected and rationalised the values recognised in today＇s democratic and liberal communities. The research was carried out in the archives of the periodicals of the aforementioned period （newspapers Sakhalkho Sakme, Sakartvelo, Ertoba, and Sakartvelos Respublika） by means of systematising and classifying retrieved materials and making a substantive and varietal analysis of individual media texts.

一种基于key-value数据库的快速地名地址输入提示方法

现有地址输入提示方法涉及标准地址和POI的研究较少,地址字符串的索引大多采用Trie(字典)树索引,但Trie树建立时内存消耗巨大,在面临海量数据时,问题更加突出。针对以上问题,提出一种基于key-value数据库的快速地名地址输入提示方法。该方法基于Trie树结构进行改进,降低了地址索引的复杂度;基于keyvalue数据库构建Trie树,避免了内存消耗巨大的问题。实验结果表明,基于key-value数据库构建的Trie树索引较基于内存构建的Trie树索引在事务响应性能和内存消耗方面具有明显的优势和效率。

Non-use value assessment for wetland ecosystem service of Hongxing National Nature Reserve in northeast China

By the contingent value method, we studied the non-use value of wetland ecosystem service of Hongxing National Nature Reserve （HNNR） in Heilongjiang Pro- vince, northeast China. The proportion of respondents willing to pay （WTP） for protection of HNNR was 63 %. The WTP ratio was affected by geographical area, contact nature, personal preferences, and familiar degree of the respondents. The WTP value was affected by age, education level and career of the respondents. The mainly reasons for people rejecting to pay for protecting HNNR were ＂I am not familiar to HNNR＂ and ＂I had no capacity for additional spending because of low income＂. Weighted average individual WTP value was CNY 59.26 Yuan ind.^-1 year^-1 for all the respondents with WTP. The total non-use ecosystem service value of HNNR was CNY 1430 million Yuan in 2013. The heritage value was highest followed by existence value and option value. From the high ecosystem service value in HNNR, it is very important to construct nature reserve for protecting natural ecosystems and human sustainable use of natural resources.

A Compact Difference Scheme for Multi-point Boundary Value Problems of Heat Equations

In this paper,a compact difference scheme is established for the heat equations with multi-point boundary value conditions.The truncation error of the difference scheme is O(τ2+h^4),where t and h are the temporal step size and the spatial step size.A prior estimate of the difference solution in a weighted norm is obtained.The unique solvability,stability and convergence of the difference scheme are proved by the energy method.The theoretical statements for the solution of the difference scheme are supported by numerical examples.

Jacobi-Sobolev Orthogonal Polynomialsand Spectral Methods for Elliptic Boundary Value Problems

Generalized Jacobi polynomials with indexes α,β∈ R are introduced and some basic properties are established. As examples of applications,the second- and fourth-order elliptic boundary value problems with Dirichlet or Robin boundary conditions are considered,and the generalized Jacobi spectral schemes are proposed. For the diagonalization of discrete systems,the Jacobi-Sobolev orthogonal basis functions are constructed,which allow the exact solutions and the approximate solutions to be represented in the forms of infinite and truncated Jacobi series. Error estimates are obtained and numerical results are provided to illustrate the effectiveness and the spectral accuracy.

基于GRA-RBF神经网络模型的煤矿安全风险预控管理安全风险评价研究

煤矿安全风险预控管理因素复杂,在实际评价过程中,层级混乱导致安全风险评价输出的MAPE数值较小,使得煤矿安全风险评价结果缺乏准确性。针对煤矿安全风险预控管理问题,提出了一种基于灰色关联分析(GRA)与径向基函数(RBF)神经网络模型的安全风险评价方法。首先,融合大量煤矿环境数据,构建多层级安全风险评价体系,全面考量各层次及要素对安全风险的影响。其次,通过GRA算法,依据安全风险紧急程度确定关键预控管理指标,确保评价的精准性与针对性。最后,利用RBF神经网络的强大非线性映射能力,特别是其径向基函数对高权重安全风险指标的精细处理,并定义神经网络每层拓扑结构处理过程,实现评价结果的输出。为验证该方法的有效性,本文准备了多样化的安全风险数据集,并进行降维处理以生成不同数量的安全指标,匹配不同的聚类参数。在对比实验中,将新方法与两种已成熟应用的安全风险评价方法并行测试,以MAPE作为核心评价指标。研究结果显示,本文所设计的基于GRA-RBF神经网络模型的安全风险评价方法输出的MAPE数值显著提升,表明其能够更准确地预测高风险安全评价指标,对于煤矿安全风险预控管理工作提供了相应的风险评价标准,在一定程度上保证了煤矿安全工作的顺利开展,能够为煤矿安全风险预控管理提供强有力的技术支持和决策依据。

HBV PreS2+S/IFN-α融合基因真核表达载体的构建及其表达

构建含HBVPrdS2 +S和IFN α融合基因的真核表达载体pcDNA3.1.S2S/IFN α并在真核细胞中进行表达。应用重叠延伸剪切技术 (splicingbyoverlappingextension ,简称SOE)经两次PCR获得嵌合基因片段S2S/IFN α ,回收后直接克隆到 pcDNA3.1V5 /HisTOPOTA克隆载体 ,得到真核重组载体pcDNA3.1.S2S/IFN α。然后用脂质体法转染VeroE6细胞。对重组载体进行了限制性酶切及PCR鉴定 ,证明连接正确 ;经间接免疫荧光检测证实该重组载体能在真核细胞中表达插入的外源性基因编码的融合蛋白。真核表达载体pcDNA3.1.S2S/IFN α的成功构建及在VeroE6细胞中的有效表达 。

Fuzzifying拓扑中的Pre-网收敛

运用连续值逻辑语义的方法研究fuzzifying拓扑空间,从Pre-开集出发引入了Pre-导集的概念,并且给出了它的一些性质,进一步探讨了Pre-网收敛理论.这些研究有助于丰富和发展fuzzifying拓扑学的基本理论.

Preβ-1高密度脂蛋白与心血管疾病关系的研究进展

动脉粥样硬化是心血管疾病重要的病理生理基础,延缓和防治动脉粥样硬化对于减少和降低心血管疾病的发病率及病死率具有重要意义。高密度脂蛋白(high density lipoprotein,HDL)通过参与介导胆固醇逆向转运(reverse cholesterol transport,RCT)在抗动脉粥样硬化的形成和进展中发挥了重要作用。Preβ-1高密度脂蛋白(prebeta-1 high density lipoprotein,Preβ-1HDL)作为HDL的一种亚类,是外周细胞移出胆固醇的最初接受体,直接参与了RCT的起始步骤,并在随后的胆固醇酯化及转运中起着重要作用。本文就Preβ-1HDL的结构、代谢及其与心血管疾病的关系作一简要综述。

Risk measurement of international oil and gas projects based on the Value at Risk method

International oil and gas projects feature high capital-intensity, high risks and contract diversity. Therefore, in order to help decision makers make more reasonable decisions under uncertainty, it is necessary to measure the risks of international oil and gas projects. For this purpose, this paper constructs a probabilistic model that is based on the traditional economic evaluation model, and introduces value at risk(VaR) which is a valuable risk measure tool in finance, and applies Va R to measure the risks of royalty contracts, production share contracts and service contracts of an international oil and gas project. Besides, this paper compares the influences of different risk factors on the net present value(NPV) of the project by using the simulation results. The results indicate:(1) risks have great impacts on the project's NPV, therefore, if risks are overlooked, the decision may be wrong.(2) A simulation method is applied to simulate the stochastic distribution of risk factors in the probabilistic model. Therefore, the probability is related to the project's NPV, overcoming the inherent limitation of the traditional economic evaluation method.(3) VaR is a straightforward risk measure tool, and can be applied to evaluate the risks of international oil and gas projects. It is helpful for decision making.

Potential Predictability of Sea Surface Temperature in a Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere GCM

Using the Flexible Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System model （FGOALS） version g1.11, a group of seasonal hindcasting experiments were carried out. In order to investigate the potential predictability of sea surface temperature （SST）, singular value decomposition （SVD） analyses were applied to extract dominant coupled modes between observed and predicated SST from the hindcasting experiments in this study. The fields discussed are sea surface temperature anomalies over the tropical Pacific basin （20~0S-20~0N, 120~0E- 80~0W）, respectively starting in four seasons from 1982 to 2005. On the basis of SVD analysis, the simulated pattern was replaced with the corresponding observed pattern to reconstruct SST anomaly fields to improve the ability of the simulation. The predictive skill, anomaly correlation coefficients （ACC）, after systematic error correction using the first five modes was regarded as potential predictability. Results showed that： 1） the statistical postprocessing approach was effective for systematic error correction; 2） model error sources mainly arose from mode 2 extracted from the SVD analysis-that is, during the transition phase of ENSO, the model encountered the spring predictability barrier; and 3） potential predictability （upper limits of predictability） could be high over most of the tropical Pacific basin, including the tropical western Pacific and an extra 10-degrees region of the mid and eastern Pacific.

D-二聚体联合血栓弹力图对重症肺炎患者弥散性血管内凝血前状态的诊断价值及临床意义

目的 探究D-二聚体(D-D)联合血栓弹力图(TEG)对重症肺炎患者弥散性血管内凝血前状态(Pre-DIC)的诊断价值及临床意义。方法 选取华北医疗健康集团峰峰总医院2018年1月—2021年1月重症肺炎并发Pre-DIC患者52例作为观察组,另选取同期单纯重症肺炎患者52例作为对照组。比较两组D-D、TEG指标[血块生成时间(K值)、凝血反应时间(R值)、最大宽度值(MA)、血块生成率(α角)],分析D-D与TEG指标相关性及对重症肺炎并发Pre-DIC的诊断价值,并统计观察组住院结局,对比观察组不同住院结局患者D-D、TEG指标,分析D-D、TEG指标与重症肺炎并发Pre-DIC住院结局的关系。结果 观察组D-D、K值、R值高于对照组,MA、α角低于对照组(P<0.05);D-D与K值、R值呈正相关,与MA、α角呈负相关(P<0.05);D-D、K值、R值、MA、α角联合诊断重症肺炎并发Pre-DIC的AUC为0.899,95%CI为0.838~0.961,敏感度为78.85%,特异度为90.38%,明显优于各指标单独诊断;观察组住院期间存活患者D-D、K值、R值低于死亡患者,MA、α角高于死亡患者(P<0.05);D-D、K值、R值与重症肺炎并发Pre-DIC住院结局呈负相关,MA、α角与住院结局呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论 D-D联合TEG指标K值、R值、MA、α角对重症肺炎患者Pre-DIC诊断价值较高,可作为临床诊断的重要手段,且均与住院结局显著相关,能为临床及早预测预后提供可靠信息。

A REGULAR VALUE OF COMPACT DEFORMATION

Sufficient conditions were given to assert that between any two Banach spaces over K, Fredholm mappings share at least one .value in a specific open ball. The proof of the result is constructive and based upon continuation methods.

Pre-S1、S2抗原联合检测在乙型肝炎诊断中的临床价值

目的探讨Pre-S1、S2抗原联合检测在乙型肝炎诊断中的临床价值。方法选取2011年1月-2014年1月在本院住院或门诊的慢性乙型肝炎患者60例血清样本,其中Pre-S1抗原阳性24例（A组）,Pre-S2抗原阳性患者20例（B组）,Pre-S1、S2抗原两者均为阳性16例（C组）,比较3组的HBV-DNA阳性率,分析Pre-S1、S2抗原两者联合检测与HBV-DNA的关系。结果A组的HBV-DNA阳性率为83.33%,B组为80.00%,C组为93.75%,C组的HBV-DNA阳性率分别显著高于A、B组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。60例慢性乙型肝炎患者中HBV-DNA阳性51例,其阳性率达85%,Pre-S1、S2两者均为阳性共16例,HBV-DNA阳性率为93.75%,两者的HBV-DNA阳性率比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论 Pre-S1、S2抗原两者联合检测对于诊断乙型肝炎具有重要的临床价值,与HBV-DNA检测结果有较好的一致性,值得推广和应用。

子痫前期孕妇血清CCL20及IL-17表达及其临床意义

目的探讨血清CC趋化因子配体20(CCL20)及白介素-17(IL-17)水平与子痫前期的相关性及其对子痫前期的诊断效能。方法选择2021年1月至2022年12月陕西省人民医院产科收治的150例子痫前期孕妇为子痫前期组,另选取同期90例健康妊娠妇女为对照组。采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测血清CCL20及IL-17的表达水平,采用Pearson相关法分析血清CCL20及IL-17与子痫前期患者临床参数的相关性;采用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)分析血清CCL20及IL-17对子痫前期的诊断价值。结果子痫前期组孕妇血清CCL20及IL-17水平均显著高于对照组(P<0.001)。子痫前期组孕妇血清CCL20及IL-17的表达均与收缩压(分别为r=0.463、r=0.545)、舒张压(分别为r=0.475、r=0.467)及尿蛋白(分别为r=0.302、r=0.342)呈显著正相关(P<0.001),而与终止妊娠孕周(分别为r=-0.281、r=-0.188)、新生儿出生体重(分别为r=-0.299、r=-0.200)及1 min Apgar评分(分别为r=-0.215、r=-0.194)呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。子痫前期组孕妇血清CCL20与IL-17水平呈显著正相关(r=0.615,P<0.001)。血清CCL20及IL-17诊断子痫前期的临界值分别为50.025 pg/ml及48.825 pg/ml,血清CCL20+IL-17联合诊断子痫前期的曲线下面积最大,灵敏度及特异度分别为87.3%及94.4%。结论子痫前期孕妇血清CCL20及IL-17的水平显著高于健康孕妇,且CCL20及IL-17水平与患者的血压、尿蛋白、妊娠结局及新生儿情况均存在显著相关性,两指标联合应用对子痫前期有一定的诊断价值。

A Comparative Analysis of the New -3(-n) - 1 Remer Conjecture and a Proof of the 3n + 1 Collatz Conjecture

This scientific paper is a comparative analysis of two mathematical conjectures. The newly proposed -3(-n) - 1 Remer conjecture and how it is related to and a proof of the more well known 3n + 1 Collatz conjecture. An overview of both conjectures and their respective iterative processes will be presented. Showcasing their unique properties and behavior to each other. Through a detailed comparison, we highlight the similarities and differences between these two conjectures and discuss their significance in the field of mathematics. And how they prove each other to be true.

子宫动脉舒张早期切迹联合妊娠相关血浆蛋白A对子痫前期的预测价值

目的研究子宫动脉舒张早期切迹联合妊娠相关血浆蛋白A(PAPP-A)对子痫前期的预测价值。方法回顾性选取2020年6月至2023年6月入邯郸市第一医院的86例子痫前期孕妇为观察对象,设为研究组;同时选取同期入院86名健康孕妇,设为对照组。两组均于妊娠11~13+6周对PAPP-A水平与右、左侧子宫动脉舒张早期切迹指数予以测定。比较两组孕妇的右切迹指数、左切迹指数及PAPP-A水平,同时计算并比较右切迹指数、左切迹指数、PAPP-A单独及联合诊断子痫前期的受试者操作特征(ROC)曲线下面积(AUC),并比较右切迹指数联合PAPP-A与左切迹指数联合PAPP-A的AUC。结果研究组孕妇右、左切迹指数与PAPP-A水平分别为0.71±0.21、0.65±0.27、(3504.84±1598.38)mU/L,均明显低于对照组[0.84±0.18、0.82±0.29、(5019.47±2498.96)mU/L],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。子痫前期预测中右切迹指数的临界值为0.79,敏感度为64.38%,特异度为60.08%,AUC为0.658,95%CI为0.585~0.731;子痫前期预测中左切迹指数的临界值为0.71,敏感度为61.57%,特异度为71.76%,AUC为0.684,95%CI为0.612~0.757;子痫前期预测中PAPP-A的临界值为4003.5 mU/L,敏感度为68.47%,特异度为56.89%,AUC为0.673,95%CI为0.604~0.742;子痫前期预测中联合预测的敏感度为71.18%,特异度为75.47%,AUC为0.772,95%CI为0.711~0.834;右、左切迹指数与PAPP-A联合预测子痫前期的AUC大于单一指标预测,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。子痫前期预测中右切迹指数联合PAPP-A的敏感度为54.76%,特异度为80.27%,AUC为0.739,95%CI为0.674~0.804;左切迹指数联合PAPP-A的敏感度为80.79%,特异度为62.79%,AUC为0.757,95%CI为0.695~0.818;左切迹指数联合PAPP-A预测子痫前期AUC大于右切迹指数联合PAPP-A,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论单一子宫动脉舒张早期右、左切迹指数或者PAPP-A在预测子痫前期中均有良好效果,而子宫动脉舒张早期右、左切迹指数与PAPP-A联合检测的预测价值更高,同时左切迹指数联合PAPP-A预测子痫前期价值要高于右切迹指数联合PAPP-A。

儒家思想对高校教育管理的启示

作为先秦诸子百家的代表学说之一,儒家学说体系中蕴含着“仁、义、礼、智、信、恕、忠、孝、悌”等全方位的内容,其不仅为当时社会道德规范教化标准建立奠定了理论基础,而且随着几千年历史的演变仍在教育管理工作中发挥着重要作用。现阶段高校教育管理存在诸多问题,表现为学生民族认同和爱国情怀仍需加强、学生诚实守信意识需要进一步提升、学生价值观易受不良思想浪潮影响,据此,文章从儒家思想出发探寻实践策略,具体包括以“仁爱”“舍生取义”思想涵养爱国情感,明确学生在高校教育管理中的主体性地位,教育管理者要不断提升自身的“君子”修为,注重因材施教、启发诱导管理方式的应用,构建以和为贵、和谐稳定的高校校园环境。

膳食纤维摄入对原发性高血压患者血压控制的预测价值

目的 探讨膳食纤维摄入对高血压人群血压控制的预测作用。方法 采用前瞻性观察性研究设计,收集患者3 d饮食日记以获得膳食纤维摄入量;跟踪至3个月时,记录24 h动态血压,分析获得平均收缩压和平均舒张压。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评价膳食纤维摄入对血压控制的预测作用。结果 获得166例患者的完整膳食营养摄入情况,其中获得148例患者的血压资料。回归分析显示,膳食纤维摄入对收缩压(OR=0.897,95%CI:0.839~0.960)有积极影响,且对收缩压有较好的预测作用[曲线下面积(AUC)=0.715,灵敏度为60.0%,特异度为76.9%]。膳食纤维摄入并未对舒张压产生积极的影响。结论 膳食纤维摄入对高血压人群的收缩压控制有较好的预测作用,但未能有效预测舒张压的控制情况。