Introduction: Pre-eclampsia is a major cause of maternal and prenatal morbidity and mortality, that complicates 2% to 8% of pregnancies worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the predictive factors for pre-...Introduction: Pre-eclampsia is a major cause of maternal and prenatal morbidity and mortality, that complicates 2% to 8% of pregnancies worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the predictive factors for pre-eclampsia in two hospitals in the city of Yaoundé. Methods: A case-control study was conducted at the Gynaecology & Obstetrics department of the Yaoundé Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital (YGOPH) and the Main Maternity of the Yaoundé Central Hospital (MM-YCH) from February 1 to July 30, 2022. The cases were all pregnant women presenting with pre-eclampsia. The control group included pregnant women without pre-eclampsia. Descriptive statistics followed by logistic regression analyses were conducted with level of significance set at p-value Results: Included in the study were 33 cases and 132 controls, giving a total of 165 participants. The predictive factors for pre-eclampsia after multivariate analysis were: primiparity (aOR = 51.86, 95% CI: 3.01 - 1230.96, p = 0.045), duration of exposure to partner’s sperm Conclusion: The odds of pre-eclampsia increased with primiparity, duration of exposure to partner’s sperm < 3 months, personal history of pre-eclampsia and maternal history of pre-eclampsia. Recognition of these predictor factors would improve the ability to diagnose and monitor women likely to develop pre-eclampsia before the onset of disease for timely interventions.展开更多
The source rock sample of the Shahejie Formation (upper Es4) in Jiyang Sag was pyrolyzed under open system with the Rock-Eval-lI apparatus, and then kinetic model parameters were calibrated for investigating the eff...The source rock sample of the Shahejie Formation (upper Es4) in Jiyang Sag was pyrolyzed under open system with the Rock-Eval-lI apparatus, and then kinetic model parameters were calibrated for investigating the effect of uncertainty of pre-exponential factors on kinetic parameters and geological applications, where the parallel first-order reaction rate model with an average pre- exponential factor and discrete distribution activity energies was used. The results indicate that when the pre-exponential factor changes from low to high, an extreme value for residual errors occurs. And with the increasing pre-exponential factor, the distribution shape of activation energies are nearly the same, but the values of activation energies move higher integrally, and the average activation energy increases about 12 kJ/mol for every 10-fold of the pre-exponential factors. Extrapolating the geological heating rate of 3.3 ~C/Ma, the results show that with the increases in pre-exponential factor, the geological temperature corresponding to TRo.5 (transforming ratio of hydrocarbon generation is 50%) increases gradually, and the additional temperature gradually decreases. Combined with geochemical data of source rock, the kinetic parameters with different pre-exponentia[ factors are used to calculate the transformation ratio of hydrocarbon generation, and the result indicates that kinetic parameters corresponding to the better optimized pre-exponential factor are more suitable. It is suggested that the risk assessment of hydrocarbon generation kinetic parameters should be enhanced when using the kinetic method to appraise the oil-gas resources. Meantime, the application result of different kinetic parameters should be verified with geological and geochemical data of source rock in the target area; therefore, the most suitable kinetic parameters for target can be obtained.展开更多
Research Background: Pre-eclampsia is one of main causes of materno-foetal mortality and morbidity worldwide, with a prevalence of 3% - 7%. Although considered a primiparous condition, it can nevertheless recur. Sever...Research Background: Pre-eclampsia is one of main causes of materno-foetal mortality and morbidity worldwide, with a prevalence of 3% - 7%. Although considered a primiparous condition, it can nevertheless recur. Several factors appear to be associated with risk of recurrence of pre-eclampsia, such as the term of delivery of previous pregnancy, severity of disease, the existence of co-morbidities and the inter-genital space. Purpose: The aim of our study will be to analyse and identify in a population of pregnant women with a history of preeclampsia risk factors associated with occurrence of recurrent preeclampsia at University clinics of Kinshasa (Democratic Republic of Congo) and at Victor Dupouy Hospital Center (France). Methods: In this study, pregnant women with an history of preeclampsia who will give birth between November 2018 and October 2024 at University Clinics of Kinshasa (UCK) and Victor Dupouy Hospital Center (VDHC) will be included. This will be a cross-sectional analytical study, data from previous and subsequent pregnancies will be studied. Expected Result: The prevalence of recurrent preeclampsia in the study population will be determined. And we will highlight the factors that will determine the recurrence of preeclampsia by analysing the risk factors. Conclusion: Knowledge of the factors associated with recurrent preeclampsia could be an excellent tool for predicting and preventing the disease.展开更多
Background: In Sub-Saharan Africa, pre-eclampsia remains a major health problem contributing to high rates of maternal mortality. Despite this condition having adverse effects on maternal and child health, its prevale...Background: In Sub-Saharan Africa, pre-eclampsia remains a major health problem contributing to high rates of maternal mortality. Despite this condition having adverse effects on maternal and child health, its prevalence and associated risk factors are still significant, especially in developing countries including Ghana. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and demographic distributions associated with pre-eclampsia among pregnant women at the Ho Teaching Hospital. Methods: A facility-based retrospective study was conducted by reviewing available data or hospital records of pregnant mothers admitted to the labor and maternity wards from January 2018 to December 2020. All pregnant women who were diagnosed with pre-eclampsia within this period were included in the study. The data were collected using a structured checklist. Results: 5609 data on pregnant women from 2018 to 2020 were recorded. Out of the 5609 data recorded, 314 pre-eclampsia cases were recorded giving an overall prevalence of 5.6%. The yearly prevalence for 2018, 2019, and 2020 were 4.6%, 5.6%, and 6.6%, respectively. The most recorded pre-eclampsia cases were seen among women within the age group of 18 - 24 years. The data showed that 112 (35.7%) of the pregnant women who had pre-eclampsia were nulliparous. Pre-eclampsia-associated maternal and fetal complications were;preterm delivery 221 (70.4%), intrauterine fetal death 62 (19.7%), eclampsia 9 (2.9%), HELLP syndrome 5 (1.6%) and maternal death 17 (5.4%). Associated factors of pre-eclampsia were parity, level of education, and occupation (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: The findings of this study showed a rising trend in the incidence of pre-eclampsia over the years at the Ho Teaching Hospital. Parity, level of education, and occupation were found to be associated with developing pre-eclampsia.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the preoperative factors that can predict neoplastic polypoid lesions of the gallbladder(PLGs) as well as malignant PLGs.METHODS:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the 210 consecutively enrol...AIM:To investigate the preoperative factors that can predict neoplastic polypoid lesions of the gallbladder(PLGs) as well as malignant PLGs.METHODS:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the 210 consecutively enrolled patients who underwent cholecystectomy due to a PLG larger than 10 mm,as was determined by preoperative trans-abdominal ultrasonography or endoscopic ultrasonography.We ana-lyzed the medical,laboratory,radiologic data and the pathologic results.RESULTS:In 210 cases,146 had non-neoplastic polyps(69.5%) and 64 cases were neoplastic polyps(30.5%).An older age(≥ 65 years),the presence of diabetes mellitus(DM) and the size of polyp(≥ 15 mm) were revealed to be independent predictive variables for neoplastic polyps with odd ratios(OR) of 2.27(P = 0.044),2.64(P = 0.021) and 4.94(P < 0.01),respectively.Among the neoplastic PLGs,an older age(≥ 65 years),the presence of DM and polyp size(≥ 15 mm) were associated with malignancy with ORs of 4.97(P = 0.005),6.13(P = 0.001) and 20.55(P < 0.001),respectively.CONCLUSION:Among patients with PLGs larger than 10 mm in size,higher risk groups such as elderly patients more than 65 years old,those with DM or a large polyp size(≥ 15 mm) should be managed by cholecystectomy.展开更多
In this paper we report a kind of fast-scale instability occurring in the single-ended primary inductance converter (SEPIC) power factor pre-regulator, which is designed to operate in discontinuous conduction mode. ...In this paper we report a kind of fast-scale instability occurring in the single-ended primary inductance converter (SEPIC) power factor pre-regulator, which is designed to operate in discontinuous conduction mode. Main results are given by exact cycle-by-cycle computer simulations as well as theoretical analysis. It is found that the instability phenomenon manifests itself as a fast-scale bifurcation at the switching period, which implies the occurrence of border collision bifurcation, or is related to the transition of the regular operating mode of the SEPIC. According to the theoretical analysis and simulation results, the effects of parameters on system stability, and the locations of the bifurcation points are confirmed. Moreover, the effects of such an instability on power factor and switching stress are also discussed. Finally, the occurrence of the asymmetric bifurcation locations is investigated. The results show that this work provides a convenient means of predicting stability boundaries which can facilitate the selection of the practical parameters.展开更多
Amh (anti-Müllerian hormone) is a single copy gene which is expressed strongly in Sertoli cells in the foetal testis and participates in the onset of sexual differentiation. Its promoter driving the expression of...Amh (anti-Müllerian hormone) is a single copy gene which is expressed strongly in Sertoli cells in the foetal testis and participates in the onset of sexual differentiation. Its promoter driving the expression of a reporter gene (d2EGFP) has been used to analyse the role of certain defined putative elements and a downstream enhancer element in gene expression. These experiments were carried out in vitro using a line of pre-pubertal mouse Sertoli cells, transienly transfected with circular DNA constructs with variously mutated promoter elements. A downstream enhancer element, situated immediately 3’ of the polyadenylation (PA) signal for Amh, has been inserted in an equivalent position in the d2EGFP construct. When the Amh promoter is unmodified, the downstream enhancer (DE) is positively associated with a large increase in EGFP expression. This is at least partly the consequence of an increased rate of expression by individual cells. Experiments using variously truncated Amh promoters indicate that an upstream region (-214 to -336) may play a minor role in facilitating enhancement. However mutation of the Wilms tumour factor-1 element, situated between the tata box and the start of translation, results in an almost complete suppression of enhancement.展开更多
An Amh promoter driving expression of a reporter gene (d2EGFP) has been used to analyze the role of two specific promoter transcription factor binding elements. In addition a downstream (3’) enhancer (DE) was also in...An Amh promoter driving expression of a reporter gene (d2EGFP) has been used to analyze the role of two specific promoter transcription factor binding elements. In addition a downstream (3’) enhancer (DE) was also investigated. The transcription factors GATA-1 and GATA-4 had opposite effects, the former being incremental and the latter decremental. The quantitative balance between these two factors may provide a degree of control over the level of gene expression.展开更多
文摘Introduction: Pre-eclampsia is a major cause of maternal and prenatal morbidity and mortality, that complicates 2% to 8% of pregnancies worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the predictive factors for pre-eclampsia in two hospitals in the city of Yaoundé. Methods: A case-control study was conducted at the Gynaecology & Obstetrics department of the Yaoundé Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital (YGOPH) and the Main Maternity of the Yaoundé Central Hospital (MM-YCH) from February 1 to July 30, 2022. The cases were all pregnant women presenting with pre-eclampsia. The control group included pregnant women without pre-eclampsia. Descriptive statistics followed by logistic regression analyses were conducted with level of significance set at p-value Results: Included in the study were 33 cases and 132 controls, giving a total of 165 participants. The predictive factors for pre-eclampsia after multivariate analysis were: primiparity (aOR = 51.86, 95% CI: 3.01 - 1230.96, p = 0.045), duration of exposure to partner’s sperm Conclusion: The odds of pre-eclampsia increased with primiparity, duration of exposure to partner’s sperm < 3 months, personal history of pre-eclampsia and maternal history of pre-eclampsia. Recognition of these predictor factors would improve the ability to diagnose and monitor women likely to develop pre-eclampsia before the onset of disease for timely interventions.
基金supported by grants from the Natural Science Foundation of China(40972101)the National Key Basic Research and Development Program(2009CB219306)CNPC Innovation Foundation(2011D-5006-0101)
文摘The source rock sample of the Shahejie Formation (upper Es4) in Jiyang Sag was pyrolyzed under open system with the Rock-Eval-lI apparatus, and then kinetic model parameters were calibrated for investigating the effect of uncertainty of pre-exponential factors on kinetic parameters and geological applications, where the parallel first-order reaction rate model with an average pre- exponential factor and discrete distribution activity energies was used. The results indicate that when the pre-exponential factor changes from low to high, an extreme value for residual errors occurs. And with the increasing pre-exponential factor, the distribution shape of activation energies are nearly the same, but the values of activation energies move higher integrally, and the average activation energy increases about 12 kJ/mol for every 10-fold of the pre-exponential factors. Extrapolating the geological heating rate of 3.3 ~C/Ma, the results show that with the increases in pre-exponential factor, the geological temperature corresponding to TRo.5 (transforming ratio of hydrocarbon generation is 50%) increases gradually, and the additional temperature gradually decreases. Combined with geochemical data of source rock, the kinetic parameters with different pre-exponentia[ factors are used to calculate the transformation ratio of hydrocarbon generation, and the result indicates that kinetic parameters corresponding to the better optimized pre-exponential factor are more suitable. It is suggested that the risk assessment of hydrocarbon generation kinetic parameters should be enhanced when using the kinetic method to appraise the oil-gas resources. Meantime, the application result of different kinetic parameters should be verified with geological and geochemical data of source rock in the target area; therefore, the most suitable kinetic parameters for target can be obtained.
文摘Research Background: Pre-eclampsia is one of main causes of materno-foetal mortality and morbidity worldwide, with a prevalence of 3% - 7%. Although considered a primiparous condition, it can nevertheless recur. Several factors appear to be associated with risk of recurrence of pre-eclampsia, such as the term of delivery of previous pregnancy, severity of disease, the existence of co-morbidities and the inter-genital space. Purpose: The aim of our study will be to analyse and identify in a population of pregnant women with a history of preeclampsia risk factors associated with occurrence of recurrent preeclampsia at University clinics of Kinshasa (Democratic Republic of Congo) and at Victor Dupouy Hospital Center (France). Methods: In this study, pregnant women with an history of preeclampsia who will give birth between November 2018 and October 2024 at University Clinics of Kinshasa (UCK) and Victor Dupouy Hospital Center (VDHC) will be included. This will be a cross-sectional analytical study, data from previous and subsequent pregnancies will be studied. Expected Result: The prevalence of recurrent preeclampsia in the study population will be determined. And we will highlight the factors that will determine the recurrence of preeclampsia by analysing the risk factors. Conclusion: Knowledge of the factors associated with recurrent preeclampsia could be an excellent tool for predicting and preventing the disease.
文摘Background: In Sub-Saharan Africa, pre-eclampsia remains a major health problem contributing to high rates of maternal mortality. Despite this condition having adverse effects on maternal and child health, its prevalence and associated risk factors are still significant, especially in developing countries including Ghana. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and demographic distributions associated with pre-eclampsia among pregnant women at the Ho Teaching Hospital. Methods: A facility-based retrospective study was conducted by reviewing available data or hospital records of pregnant mothers admitted to the labor and maternity wards from January 2018 to December 2020. All pregnant women who were diagnosed with pre-eclampsia within this period were included in the study. The data were collected using a structured checklist. Results: 5609 data on pregnant women from 2018 to 2020 were recorded. Out of the 5609 data recorded, 314 pre-eclampsia cases were recorded giving an overall prevalence of 5.6%. The yearly prevalence for 2018, 2019, and 2020 were 4.6%, 5.6%, and 6.6%, respectively. The most recorded pre-eclampsia cases were seen among women within the age group of 18 - 24 years. The data showed that 112 (35.7%) of the pregnant women who had pre-eclampsia were nulliparous. Pre-eclampsia-associated maternal and fetal complications were;preterm delivery 221 (70.4%), intrauterine fetal death 62 (19.7%), eclampsia 9 (2.9%), HELLP syndrome 5 (1.6%) and maternal death 17 (5.4%). Associated factors of pre-eclampsia were parity, level of education, and occupation (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: The findings of this study showed a rising trend in the incidence of pre-eclampsia over the years at the Ho Teaching Hospital. Parity, level of education, and occupation were found to be associated with developing pre-eclampsia.
文摘AIM:To investigate the preoperative factors that can predict neoplastic polypoid lesions of the gallbladder(PLGs) as well as malignant PLGs.METHODS:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the 210 consecutively enrolled patients who underwent cholecystectomy due to a PLG larger than 10 mm,as was determined by preoperative trans-abdominal ultrasonography or endoscopic ultrasonography.We ana-lyzed the medical,laboratory,radiologic data and the pathologic results.RESULTS:In 210 cases,146 had non-neoplastic polyps(69.5%) and 64 cases were neoplastic polyps(30.5%).An older age(≥ 65 years),the presence of diabetes mellitus(DM) and the size of polyp(≥ 15 mm) were revealed to be independent predictive variables for neoplastic polyps with odd ratios(OR) of 2.27(P = 0.044),2.64(P = 0.021) and 4.94(P < 0.01),respectively.Among the neoplastic PLGs,an older age(≥ 65 years),the presence of DM and polyp size(≥ 15 mm) were associated with malignancy with ORs of 4.97(P = 0.005),6.13(P = 0.001) and 20.55(P < 0.001),respectively.CONCLUSION:Among patients with PLGs larger than 10 mm in size,higher risk groups such as elderly patients more than 65 years old,those with DM or a large polyp size(≥ 15 mm) should be managed by cholecystectomy.
文摘In this paper we report a kind of fast-scale instability occurring in the single-ended primary inductance converter (SEPIC) power factor pre-regulator, which is designed to operate in discontinuous conduction mode. Main results are given by exact cycle-by-cycle computer simulations as well as theoretical analysis. It is found that the instability phenomenon manifests itself as a fast-scale bifurcation at the switching period, which implies the occurrence of border collision bifurcation, or is related to the transition of the regular operating mode of the SEPIC. According to the theoretical analysis and simulation results, the effects of parameters on system stability, and the locations of the bifurcation points are confirmed. Moreover, the effects of such an instability on power factor and switching stress are also discussed. Finally, the occurrence of the asymmetric bifurcation locations is investigated. The results show that this work provides a convenient means of predicting stability boundaries which can facilitate the selection of the practical parameters.
文摘Amh (anti-Müllerian hormone) is a single copy gene which is expressed strongly in Sertoli cells in the foetal testis and participates in the onset of sexual differentiation. Its promoter driving the expression of a reporter gene (d2EGFP) has been used to analyse the role of certain defined putative elements and a downstream enhancer element in gene expression. These experiments were carried out in vitro using a line of pre-pubertal mouse Sertoli cells, transienly transfected with circular DNA constructs with variously mutated promoter elements. A downstream enhancer element, situated immediately 3’ of the polyadenylation (PA) signal for Amh, has been inserted in an equivalent position in the d2EGFP construct. When the Amh promoter is unmodified, the downstream enhancer (DE) is positively associated with a large increase in EGFP expression. This is at least partly the consequence of an increased rate of expression by individual cells. Experiments using variously truncated Amh promoters indicate that an upstream region (-214 to -336) may play a minor role in facilitating enhancement. However mutation of the Wilms tumour factor-1 element, situated between the tata box and the start of translation, results in an almost complete suppression of enhancement.
文摘An Amh promoter driving expression of a reporter gene (d2EGFP) has been used to analyze the role of two specific promoter transcription factor binding elements. In addition a downstream (3’) enhancer (DE) was also investigated. The transcription factors GATA-1 and GATA-4 had opposite effects, the former being incremental and the latter decremental. The quantitative balance between these two factors may provide a degree of control over the level of gene expression.