The primary cracks in the rock block undergo series of steps and finally disintegrate,during this procession,the radius affects the impact force of rock block in clastic flow.Therefore,it is essential to figure out th...The primary cracks in the rock block undergo series of steps and finally disintegrate,during this procession,the radius affects the impact force of rock block in clastic flow.Therefore,it is essential to figure out the evolution mechanism of crack propagation for the design of engineering protection.In this study,based on fracture mechanics and Hertz contact theory,collision happened between rock block and slope surface is assumed to be elastic contact.Based on the above assumption,the critical impact force of crack propagation is obtained,and a model used to calculate the crack propagation length in a single collision is established.Besides,a rock fall site in Jiuzhai Valley was used to verify the calculation model.According to the model,several key factors were identified to influence crack propagation length including falling height,initial equivalent radius,and recovery coefficient of slope surface.Moreover,as a result of the orthogonal experiment,the influence of those factors on the crack propagation length was ranked,normal recovery coefficient>initial radius>initial falling height.In addition,the kinetic energy of the rock block in the compression stage is transformed into elastic deformation energy,angular kinetic energy,and dissipated energy of crack propagation.Due to the increase of collisions,the kinetic energy is gradually transformed into angular kinetic energy,and the dissipated energy of crack propagation weights is reduced.In conclusion,the crack propagation in rock block is a complicated progress,which is affected by multiple factors,especially falling height,initial equivalent radius,and recovery coefficient of slope surface.Our study may provide guidance for the design of protective structure of clastic flows.展开更多
Fully automatic finite element(FE) modelling of the fracture process in quasi-brittle materials such as concrete and rocks and ductile materials such as metals and alloys,is of great significance in assessing structur...Fully automatic finite element(FE) modelling of the fracture process in quasi-brittle materials such as concrete and rocks and ductile materials such as metals and alloys,is of great significance in assessing structural integrity and presents tre-mendous challenges to the engineering community. One challenge lies in the adoption of an objective and effective crack propagation criterion. This paper proposes a crack propagation criterion based on the principle of energy conservation and the cohesive zone model(CZM) . The virtual crack extension technique is used to calculate the differential terms in the criterion. A fully-automatic discrete crack modelling methodology,integrating the developed criterion,the CZM to model the crack,a simple remeshing procedure to accommodate crack propagation,the J2 flow theory implemented within the incremental plasticity framework to model the ductile materials,and a local arc-length solver to the nonlinear equation system,is developed and im-plemented in an in-house program. Three examples,i.e.,a plain concrete beam with a single shear crack,a reinforced concrete(RC) beam with multiple cracks and a compact-tension steel specimen,are simulated. Good agreement between numerical predictions and experimental data is found,which demonstrates the applicability of the criterion to both quasi-brittle and ductile materials.展开更多
针对再制造毛坯闭合裂纹检测较困难,采用声发射技术,从仿真和实验两个方面研究裂纹长度和裂纹位置对声发射信号传播特性的影响。根据裂纹中波的传输理论,采用时域有限差方法,仿真两个因素对声信号的影响,实验结果表明,裂纹长度对于信号...针对再制造毛坯闭合裂纹检测较困难,采用声发射技术,从仿真和实验两个方面研究裂纹长度和裂纹位置对声发射信号传播特性的影响。根据裂纹中波的传输理论,采用时域有限差方法,仿真两个因素对声信号的影响,实验结果表明,裂纹长度对于信号衰减影响比裂纹位置明显;裂纹长度小于3 mm时信号的能量和幅值衰减系数(分别为-0.28和-0.15)明显大于裂纹长度大于6 mm的信号衰减系数(分别为-1.48和-0.9);裂纹长度为3 mm比裂纹长度为0.5 mm时能量和幅值相对衰减率分别大0.62 d B和0.2 d B,而其比裂纹长度为15 mm的能量和幅值相对衰减分别小14.7 d B和8 d B;裂纹位置的能量相对衰减率位于-6.4^-6.6 d B,幅值相对衰减率位于-1.4^-1.7 d B。实验研究了裂纹长度对声发射信号的影响,得出裂纹长度小于2 mm时的衰减系数明显大于裂纹长度超过6 mm的衰减系数,与仿真结果相符。因此,声发射参数与裂纹长度有明确的对应关系,声发射技术可有效检测再制造毛坯中的裂纹,尤其是长度小于3 mm的微裂纹。展开更多
基金funded by the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDA23090403)the Scientific Foundation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.KFZD-SW-425)the Key Research and Development Program of Sichuan Province(Grant No.2019YFG0460)。
文摘The primary cracks in the rock block undergo series of steps and finally disintegrate,during this procession,the radius affects the impact force of rock block in clastic flow.Therefore,it is essential to figure out the evolution mechanism of crack propagation for the design of engineering protection.In this study,based on fracture mechanics and Hertz contact theory,collision happened between rock block and slope surface is assumed to be elastic contact.Based on the above assumption,the critical impact force of crack propagation is obtained,and a model used to calculate the crack propagation length in a single collision is established.Besides,a rock fall site in Jiuzhai Valley was used to verify the calculation model.According to the model,several key factors were identified to influence crack propagation length including falling height,initial equivalent radius,and recovery coefficient of slope surface.Moreover,as a result of the orthogonal experiment,the influence of those factors on the crack propagation length was ranked,normal recovery coefficient>initial radius>initial falling height.In addition,the kinetic energy of the rock block in the compression stage is transformed into elastic deformation energy,angular kinetic energy,and dissipated energy of crack propagation.Due to the increase of collisions,the kinetic energy is gradually transformed into angular kinetic energy,and the dissipated energy of crack propagation weights is reduced.In conclusion,the crack propagation in rock block is a complicated progress,which is affected by multiple factors,especially falling height,initial equivalent radius,and recovery coefficient of slope surface.Our study may provide guidance for the design of protective structure of clastic flows.
基金the Scientific Research Foundation for Re-turned Overseas Chinese Scholars, MOE (No. J20050924)the United Research Foundation of the National Natural Science Com-mittee and the Ertan Hydropower Development Co. Ltd., China (No. 50579081)
文摘Fully automatic finite element(FE) modelling of the fracture process in quasi-brittle materials such as concrete and rocks and ductile materials such as metals and alloys,is of great significance in assessing structural integrity and presents tre-mendous challenges to the engineering community. One challenge lies in the adoption of an objective and effective crack propagation criterion. This paper proposes a crack propagation criterion based on the principle of energy conservation and the cohesive zone model(CZM) . The virtual crack extension technique is used to calculate the differential terms in the criterion. A fully-automatic discrete crack modelling methodology,integrating the developed criterion,the CZM to model the crack,a simple remeshing procedure to accommodate crack propagation,the J2 flow theory implemented within the incremental plasticity framework to model the ductile materials,and a local arc-length solver to the nonlinear equation system,is developed and im-plemented in an in-house program. Three examples,i.e.,a plain concrete beam with a single shear crack,a reinforced concrete(RC) beam with multiple cracks and a compact-tension steel specimen,are simulated. Good agreement between numerical predictions and experimental data is found,which demonstrates the applicability of the criterion to both quasi-brittle and ductile materials.
文摘针对再制造毛坯闭合裂纹检测较困难,采用声发射技术,从仿真和实验两个方面研究裂纹长度和裂纹位置对声发射信号传播特性的影响。根据裂纹中波的传输理论,采用时域有限差方法,仿真两个因素对声信号的影响,实验结果表明,裂纹长度对于信号衰减影响比裂纹位置明显;裂纹长度小于3 mm时信号的能量和幅值衰减系数(分别为-0.28和-0.15)明显大于裂纹长度大于6 mm的信号衰减系数(分别为-1.48和-0.9);裂纹长度为3 mm比裂纹长度为0.5 mm时能量和幅值相对衰减率分别大0.62 d B和0.2 d B,而其比裂纹长度为15 mm的能量和幅值相对衰减分别小14.7 d B和8 d B;裂纹位置的能量相对衰减率位于-6.4^-6.6 d B,幅值相对衰减率位于-1.4^-1.7 d B。实验研究了裂纹长度对声发射信号的影响,得出裂纹长度小于2 mm时的衰减系数明显大于裂纹长度超过6 mm的衰减系数,与仿真结果相符。因此,声发射参数与裂纹长度有明确的对应关系,声发射技术可有效检测再制造毛坯中的裂纹,尤其是长度小于3 mm的微裂纹。
