目的对已截骨的髋臼块进行不同角度旋转,以模拟手术中髋臼块需调节的不同角度,通过分析髋关节周围软骨接触应力以及接触面积确定最佳角度,为髋臼截骨提供个体化方案。方法建立髋关节发育不良(development dysplasia of hip,DDH)和正常...目的对已截骨的髋臼块进行不同角度旋转,以模拟手术中髋臼块需调节的不同角度,通过分析髋关节周围软骨接触应力以及接触面积确定最佳角度,为髋臼截骨提供个体化方案。方法建立髋关节发育不良(development dysplasia of hip,DDH)和正常有限元模型,探讨发育不良髋臼形态特征以及应力集中原因。对DDH模型模拟截骨术,通过髋臼块的向前方和侧方旋转的不同角度组合得到共计20个截骨术后骨盆模型,对比分析模型在模拟单腿站立情况下最优结果的差异。结果正常模型髋臼软骨最大接触压力为7.85 MPa。DDH模型髋臼软骨最大接触压力为13.42 MPa,模拟截骨术后最优解接触压力下降至8.49 MPa,且接触力分布改善更明显。结论改变前侧旋转角度可以明显改善接触压力分布和大小并且远离术前病变区域,对术后效果有积极影响。手术前基于每位患者的实际情况制定个性化截骨方案对于手术效果至关重要。展开更多
Objective The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of paternal Di‐N‐butyl‐phthalate （DBP） exposure pre‐ and postnatally on F1 generation offspring,and prenatally on F2 generation offspring.Met...Objective The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of paternal Di‐N‐butyl‐phthalate （DBP） exposure pre‐ and postnatally on F1 generation offspring,and prenatally on F2 generation offspring.Methods Male mice were exposed to either 500 mg/kg or 2 000 mg/kg of DBP for 8 weeks,and mated with non‐exposed females.Three‐quarters of the females were sacrificed a day prior to parturition,and examined for the number of living and dead implantations,and incidence of gross malformations.Pups from the remaining females were assessed for developmental markers,growth parameters,as well as sperm quantity and quality.Results There were no changes in the fertility of parents and in intrauterine development of the offspring.Pups of DBP‐exposed males demonstrated growth‐retardation.Following paternal exposure to 500 mg/kg bw of DBP,there were almost twice the number of males than females born in the F1 generation.F1 generation females had a 2.5‐day delay in vaginal opening.Paternal exposure to 2 000 mg/kg bw of DBP increased the incidence of sperm head malformations in F1 generation males;however,there were no changes in the fertility and viability of foetuses in the F2 generation.Conclusion Paternal DBP exposure may disturb the sex ratio of the offspring,delay female sexual maturation,and deteriorate the sperm quality of F1 generation males.展开更多
目的总结近期院内0-36个月的新生儿与婴儿髋关节发育不良（developmental dysplasia of the hip,DDH）筛查情况,形成规范的新生儿与婴儿DDH筛查流程。方法我院出生新生儿由产科医师进行DDH的初步筛查,儿内科0-36个月住院患儿及儿外科0-3...目的总结近期院内0-36个月的新生儿与婴儿髋关节发育不良（developmental dysplasia of the hip,DDH）筛查情况,形成规范的新生儿与婴儿DDH筛查流程。方法我院出生新生儿由产科医师进行DDH的初步筛查,儿内科0-36个月住院患儿及儿外科0-36个月的门诊就诊患者分别由儿科医师、儿外科医师进行DDH的初步筛查,可疑或异常者转诊至我院儿童骨科复筛,由儿童骨科医师对转诊儿童再次进行临床检查,并行双髋关节B超或者X线片进一步检查,可疑者定期复查直至确诊或排除。结果 2012年1月至2014年12月,共筛查婴幼儿22 396例,2699例行髋关节B超筛查,B超检查可疑和异常591例（755髋）转诊到儿童骨科。可疑患儿中61例（89髋）Ortolani或Barlow试验阳性,94例（131髋）骨盆正位X线片显示髋臼发育不良,最终76例（121髋）确诊为DDH。其中男21例（29髋）,女55例（92髋）;左91髋,右30髋;1-6个月13例（其中新生儿3例）1.95‰（13/6676）,7-18个月49例7.09‰（49/6909）,19-36个月14例1.59‰（14/8811）,76例明确诊断DDH患儿中,7-18个月者49例,占64.47%;DDH的发病率为3.39‰（76/22 396）。结论本次筛查对象是0-36个月的新生儿与婴幼儿,这种筛查模式实现了对儿童DDH的早发现、早诊断,形成了符合本地区实际情况的规范筛查流程。展开更多
基金funded by the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education(2004‐2007 project no. 2PO5D2926)
文摘Objective The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of paternal Di‐N‐butyl‐phthalate （DBP） exposure pre‐ and postnatally on F1 generation offspring,and prenatally on F2 generation offspring.Methods Male mice were exposed to either 500 mg/kg or 2 000 mg/kg of DBP for 8 weeks,and mated with non‐exposed females.Three‐quarters of the females were sacrificed a day prior to parturition,and examined for the number of living and dead implantations,and incidence of gross malformations.Pups from the remaining females were assessed for developmental markers,growth parameters,as well as sperm quantity and quality.Results There were no changes in the fertility of parents and in intrauterine development of the offspring.Pups of DBP‐exposed males demonstrated growth‐retardation.Following paternal exposure to 500 mg/kg bw of DBP,there were almost twice the number of males than females born in the F1 generation.F1 generation females had a 2.5‐day delay in vaginal opening.Paternal exposure to 2 000 mg/kg bw of DBP increased the incidence of sperm head malformations in F1 generation males;however,there were no changes in the fertility and viability of foetuses in the F2 generation.Conclusion Paternal DBP exposure may disturb the sex ratio of the offspring,delay female sexual maturation,and deteriorate the sperm quality of F1 generation males.
文摘目的总结近期院内0-36个月的新生儿与婴儿髋关节发育不良（developmental dysplasia of the hip,DDH）筛查情况,形成规范的新生儿与婴儿DDH筛查流程。方法我院出生新生儿由产科医师进行DDH的初步筛查,儿内科0-36个月住院患儿及儿外科0-36个月的门诊就诊患者分别由儿科医师、儿外科医师进行DDH的初步筛查,可疑或异常者转诊至我院儿童骨科复筛,由儿童骨科医师对转诊儿童再次进行临床检查,并行双髋关节B超或者X线片进一步检查,可疑者定期复查直至确诊或排除。结果 2012年1月至2014年12月,共筛查婴幼儿22 396例,2699例行髋关节B超筛查,B超检查可疑和异常591例（755髋）转诊到儿童骨科。可疑患儿中61例（89髋）Ortolani或Barlow试验阳性,94例（131髋）骨盆正位X线片显示髋臼发育不良,最终76例（121髋）确诊为DDH。其中男21例（29髋）,女55例（92髋）;左91髋,右30髋;1-6个月13例（其中新生儿3例）1.95‰（13/6676）,7-18个月49例7.09‰（49/6909）,19-36个月14例1.59‰（14/8811）,76例明确诊断DDH患儿中,7-18个月者49例,占64.47%;DDH的发病率为3.39‰（76/22 396）。结论本次筛查对象是0-36个月的新生儿与婴幼儿,这种筛查模式实现了对儿童DDH的早发现、早诊断,形成了符合本地区实际情况的规范筛查流程。
