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A method to model the effect of pre-existing cracks on P-wave velocity in rocks 被引量:6
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作者 Haimeng Shen Xiaying Li +1 位作者 Qi Li Haibin Wang 《Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering》 SCIE CSCD 2020年第3期493-506,共14页
Crack closure is one of the reasons inducing changes of P-wave velocity of rocks under compression.In this context,a method is proposed to investigate the relationships among P-wave velocity,pre-existing cracks,and co... Crack closure is one of the reasons inducing changes of P-wave velocity of rocks under compression.In this context,a method is proposed to investigate the relationships among P-wave velocity,pre-existing cracks,and confining pressure based on the discrete element method(DEM).Pre-existing open cracks inside the rocks are generated by the initial gap of the flat-joint model.The validity of the method is evaluated by comparing the P-wave velocity tested on a sandstone specimen with numerical result.As the crack size is determined by the diameter of particles,the effects of three factors,i.e.number,aspect ratio,and orientation of cracks on the P-wave velocity are discussed.The results show that P-wave velocity is controlled by the(i.e.number) of open micro-cracks,while the closure pressure is determined by the aspect ratio of crack.The reason accounting for the anisotropy of P-wave velocity is the difference in crack number in measurement paths.Both of the number and aspect ratio of cracks can affect the responses of P-wave velocity to the applied confining pressure.Under confining pressure,the number of open cracks inside rocks will dominate the lowest P-wave velocity,and the P-wave velocity of the rock containing narrower cracks is more sensitive to the confining pressure.In this sense,crack density is difficult to be back-calculated merely by P-wave velocity.The proposed method offers a means to analyze the effect of pre-existing cracks on P-wave velocity. 展开更多
关键词 pre-existing cracks P-wave velocity Discrete element method(DEM) Anisotropic rock
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Effects of pre-existing cracks and infillings on strength of natural rocks--Cases of sandstone, argillite and basalt 被引量:4
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作者 Chen Cui Ivan Gratchev 《Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering》 SCIE CSCD 2020年第6期1333-1338,共6页
This study aims to examine the influence of pre-existing discontinuities on the strengths of four natural rocks of different origins.A series of unconfined compression tests was performed on specimens of two types of ... This study aims to examine the influence of pre-existing discontinuities on the strengths of four natural rocks of different origins.A series of unconfined compression tests was performed on specimens of two types of sandstones,argillite and basalt that contain open and filled cracks.It was found that the presence of cracks tends to decrease the overall strength for all studied rocks;however,the magnitude of strength reduction is related to the property of rock.The larger strength decrease was observed for the relatively harder argillite and basalt,compared to the softer sandstone.It was also found that the infill material could increase the strength of rock specimens,while the obtained strength depended on the characteristics of the fill material. 展开更多
关键词 pre-existing crack Rock strength Infill material Laboratory test
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Damage and failure characteristics of rock similar materials with pre-existing cracks 被引量:5
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作者 Xiaoyu Cheng 《International Journal of Coal Science & Technology》 EI 2019年第4期505-517,共13页
In order to further study the damage and failure mechanism for rock similar materials,this study investigated the mechanical properties and failure characteristics,law of damage space development,and damage evolution ... In order to further study the damage and failure mechanism for rock similar materials,this study investigated the mechanical properties and failure characteristics,law of damage space development,and damage evolution characteristics for rock similar materials with pre-existing cracks of varying length under uniaxial compression load.The equipment used in this study is the self-developed YYW-Ⅱ strain controlled unconfined compression apparatus and the PCIE-8 acoustic emission monitoring system.Results show that,as the length of pre-existing crack increases:(1) the peak and residual strength reduces,and the peak axial strain and the strain during the initial compression phase increases;(2) the major failure mode is changed from shear failure to tensile failure along a vertical plane that passes the middle of the pre-existing crack;(3) The damage increases during the stable and accelerated development stage,and the effect of the pre-existing cracks is more during the accelerated development stage than the stable development stage. 展开更多
关键词 pre-existing cracks ROCK similar materials Mechanical properties ACOUSTIC EMISSION LOCALIZATION DAMAGE EVOLUTION
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Cracks coalescence mechanism and cracks propagation paths in rock-like specimens containing pre-existing random cracks under compression 被引量:18
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作者 Hadi Haeri Kourosh Shahriar +1 位作者 Mohammad Fatehi Marji Parviz Moarefvand 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS 2014年第6期2404-2414,共11页
The mechanism of cracks propagation and cracks coalescence due to compressive loading of the brittle substances containing pre-existing cracks (flaws) was modeled experimentally using specially made rock-like specim... The mechanism of cracks propagation and cracks coalescence due to compressive loading of the brittle substances containing pre-existing cracks (flaws) was modeled experimentally using specially made rock-like specimens from Portland Pozzolana Cement (PPC). The breakage process of the specimens was studied by inserting single and double flaws with different inclination angles at the center and applying uniaxial compressive stress at both ends of the specimen. The first crack was oriented at 50&#176; from the horizontal direction and kept constant throughout the analysis while the orientation of the second crack was changed. It is experimentally observed that the wing cracks are produced at the first stage of loading and start their propagation toward the direction of uniaxial compressive loading. The secondary cracks may also be produced in form of quasi-coplanar and/or oblique cracks in a stable manner. The secondary cracks may eventually continue their propagation in the direction of maximum principle stress. These experimental works were also simulated numerically by a modified higher order displacement discontinuity method and the cracks propagation and cracks coalescence were studied based on Mode I and Mode II stress intensity factors (SIFs). It is concluded that the wing cracks initiation stresses for the specimens change from 11.3 to 14.1 MPain the case of numerical simulations and from 7.3 to 13.8 MPa in the case of experimental works. It is observed that cracks coalescence stresses change from 21.8 to 25.3 MPa and from 19.5 to 21.8 MPa in the numerical and experimental analyses, respectively. Comparing some of the numerical and experimental results with those recently cited in the literature validates the results obtained by the proposed study. Finally, a numerical simulation was accomplished to study the effect of confining pressure on the crack propagation process, showing that the SIFs increase and the crack initiation angles change in this case. 展开更多
关键词 crack propagation crack coalescence rock-like specimen numerical simulation experiment
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Effect of carbon material and surfactant on ink property and resulting surface cracks of fuel-cell microporous layers
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作者 Zhekun Chen Weitong Pan +2 位作者 Longfei Tang Xueli Chen Fuchen Wang 《Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第5期1-12,共12页
Ensuring the consistency of electrode structure in proton-exchange-membrane fuel cells is highly desired yet challenging because of wide-existing and unguided cracks in the microporous layer(MPL). The first thing is t... Ensuring the consistency of electrode structure in proton-exchange-membrane fuel cells is highly desired yet challenging because of wide-existing and unguided cracks in the microporous layer(MPL). The first thing is to evaluate the homogeneity of MPL with cracks quantitatively. This paper proposes the homogeneity index of a full-scale MPL with an area of 50 cm~2, which is yet to be reported in the literature to our knowledge. Besides, the effects of the carbon material and surfactant on the ink and resulting MPL structure have been studied. The ink with a high network development degree produces an MPL with low crack density, but the ink with high PDI produces an MPL with low crack homogeneity. The polarity of the surfactant and the non-polarity of polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE) are not mutually soluble,resulting in the heterogeneous PTFE distribution. The findings of this study provide guidelines for MPL fabrication. 展开更多
关键词 Proton-exchange-membrane fuel cell Microporous layer crack density crack homogeneity Polytetrafluoroethylene distribution SURFACTANT
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Analytical solution for the effective elastic properties of rocks with the tilted penny-shaped cracks in the transversely isotropic background
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作者 Zheng-Qian Ma Xing-Yao Yin +2 位作者 Zhao-Yun Zong Yuan-Yuan Tan Ya-Ming Yang 《Petroleum Science》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第1期221-243,共23页
Seismic prediction of cracks is of great significance in many disciplines,for which the rock physics model is indispensable.However,up to now,multitudinous analytical models focus primarily on the cracked rock with th... Seismic prediction of cracks is of great significance in many disciplines,for which the rock physics model is indispensable.However,up to now,multitudinous analytical models focus primarily on the cracked rock with the isotropic background,while the explicit model for the cracked rock with the anisotropic background is rarely investigated in spite of such case being often encountered in the earth.Hence,we first studied dependences of the crack opening displacement tensors on the crack dip angle in the coordinate systems formed by symmetry planes of the crack and the background anisotropy,respectively,by forty groups of numerical experiments.Based on the conclusion from the experiments,the analytical solution was derived for the effective elastic properties of the rock with the inclined penny-shaped cracks in the transversely isotropic background.Further,we comprehensively analyzed,according to the developed model,effects of the crack dip angle,background anisotropy,filling fluid and crack density on the effective elastic properties of the cracked rock.The analysis results indicate that the dip angle and background anisotropy can significantly either enhance or weaken the anisotropy degrees of the P-and SH-wave velocities,whereas they have relatively small effects on the SV-wave velocity anisotropy.Moreover,the filling fluid can increase the stiffness coefficients related to the compressional modulus by reducing crack compliance parameters,while its effects on shear coefficients depend on the crack dip angle.The increasing crack density reduces velocities of the dry rock,and decreasing rates of the velocities are affected by the crack dip angle.By comparing with exact numerical results and experimental data,it was demonstrated that the proposed model can achieve high-precision estimations of stiffness coefficients.Moreover,the assumption of the weakly anisotropic background results in the consistency between the proposed model and Hudson's published theory for the orthorhombic rock. 展开更多
关键词 Effective elastic property Tilted crack Transverse isotropy Analytical solution crack opening displacement
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Stress tensor determination by modified hydraulic tests on pre-existing fractures:Method and stress constraints
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作者 Guiyun Gao Chenghu Wang Ke Gao 《Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第5期1637-1648,共12页
The hydraulic testing of pre-existing fractures(HTPF)is one of the most promising in situ stress measurement methods,particularly for three-dimensional stress tensor determination.However,the stress tensor determinati... The hydraulic testing of pre-existing fractures(HTPF)is one of the most promising in situ stress measurement methods,particularly for three-dimensional stress tensor determination.However,the stress tensor determination based on the HTPF method requires at least six tests or a minimum of 14-15 tests(under different conditions)for reliable results.In this study,we modified the HTPF method by considering the shear stress on each pre-existing fracture,which increased the number of equations for the stress tensor determination and decreased the number of tests required.Different shear stresses were attributed to different fractures by random sampling;therefore,the stress tensors were obtained by searching for the optimal solution using the least squares criterion based on the Monte Carlo method.Thereafter,we constrained the stress tensor based on the tensile strength criterion,compressive strength criterion,and vertical stress constraints.The inverted stress tensors were presented and analyzed based on the tensorial nature of the stress using the Euclidean mean stress tensor.Two stress-measurement campaigns in Weifang(Shandong Province,China)and Mercantour road tunnel(France)were implemented to highlight the validity and efficiency of the modified HTPF(M-HTPF)method.The results showed that the M-HTPF method can be applied for stress tensor inversion using only three to four tests on pre-existing fractures,neglecting the stress gradient.The inversion results were confined to relatively small distribution dispersions and were significantly reliable and stable due to the shear stresses on the fractures and the stress constraints employed.The M-HTPF method is highly feasible and efficient for complete stress tensor determination in a single borehole. 展开更多
关键词 Stress tensor Hydraulic tests on pre-existing fractures Mean stress Stress constraint Hydraulic fracturing
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A phase-field model for simulating the propagation behavior of mixed-mode cracks during the hydraulic fracturing process in fractured reservoirs
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作者 Dan ZHANG Liangping YI +4 位作者 Zhaozhong YANG Jingqiang ZHANG Gang CHEN Ruoyu YANG Xiaogang LI 《Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition)》 SCIE EI CSCD 2024年第5期911-930,共20页
A novel phase-field model for the propagation of mixed-mode hydraulic fractures,characterized by the formation of mixed-mode fractures due to the interactions between fluids and solids,is proposed.In this model,the dr... A novel phase-field model for the propagation of mixed-mode hydraulic fractures,characterized by the formation of mixed-mode fractures due to the interactions between fluids and solids,is proposed.In this model,the driving force for the phase field consists of both tensile and shear components,with the fluid contribution primarily manifesting in the tension driving force.The displacement and pressure are solved simultaneously by an implicit method.The numerical solution's iterative format is established by the finite element discretization and Newton-Raphson(NR)iterative methods.The correctness of the model is verified through the uniaxial compression physical experiments on fluid-pressurized rocks,and the limitations of the hydraulic fracture expansion phase-field model,which only considers mode I fractures,are revealed.In addition,the influence of matrix mode II fracture toughness value,natural fracture mode II toughness value,and fracturing fluid injection rate on the hydraulic fracture propagation in porous media with natural fractures is studied. 展开更多
关键词 mixed-mode crack hydraulic fracturing poro-elasticity phase-field method(PFM)
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Experimental study of the damage characteristics of rocks containing non-penetrating cracks under cyclic loading
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作者 Jun Xu Xiaochun Xiao +3 位作者 Lu Ma Sen Luo Jiaxu Jin Baijian Wu 《International Journal of Mining Science and Technology》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第2期197-210,共14页
The damage evolution process of non-penetrating cracks often causes some unexpected engineering disasters.Gypsum specimens containing non-penetrating crack(s)are used to study the damage evolution and characteristics ... The damage evolution process of non-penetrating cracks often causes some unexpected engineering disasters.Gypsum specimens containing non-penetrating crack(s)are used to study the damage evolution and characteristics under cyclic loading.The results show that under cyclic loading,the relationship between the number of non-penetrating crack(s)and the characteristic parameters(cyclic number,peak stress,peak strain,failure stress,and failure strain)of the pre-cracked specimens can be represented by a decreasing linear function.The damage evolution equation is fitted by calibrating the accumulative plastic strain for each cycle,and the damage constitutive equation is proposed by the concept of effective stress.Additionally,non-penetrating cracks are more likely to cause uneven stress distribution,damage accumulation,and local failure of specimen.The local failure can change the stress distribution and relieve the inhibition of non-penetrating crack extension and eventually cause a dramatic destruction of the specimen.Therefore,the evolution process caused by non-penetrating cracks can be regarded as one of the important reasons for inducing rockburst.These results are expected to improve the understanding of the process of spalling formation and rockburst and can be used to analyze the stability of rocks or rock structures. 展开更多
关键词 Damage characteristics Constitutive model Fissured rocks Non-penetrating crack Cyclic loading
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Evaluation of the injection and plugging ability of a novel epoxy resin in cement cracks
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作者 Guang-Yao Leng Wei Yan +6 位作者 Hai-Mu Ye Er-Dong Yao Ji-Bin Duan Zheng-Xian Xu Ke-Pei Li Jing-Ru Zhang Zhong Li 《Petroleum Science》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第2期1211-1220,共10页
Sustained casing pressure(SCP)is a crucial issue in the oil and gas production lifecycle.Epoxy resins,exhibiting exceptional compressive strength,ductility,and shear bonding strength,have the potential to form reliabl... Sustained casing pressure(SCP)is a crucial issue in the oil and gas production lifecycle.Epoxy resins,exhibiting exceptional compressive strength,ductility,and shear bonding strength,have the potential to form reliable barriers.The injectivity and sealing capacity of the epoxy resin is crucial parameters for the success of shallow remediation operations.This study aimed to develop and assess a novel solid-free resin sealant as an alternative to Portland cement for mitigating fluid leakage.The investigation evaluated the viscosity,compressive strength,and brittleness index of the epoxy resin sealant,as well as its tangential and normal shear strengths in conjunction with casing steel.The flow characteristics and sealing abilities of conventional cement and epoxy resin were comparatively analyzed in cracks.The results showed that the application of a viscosity reducer facilitated control over the curing time of the epoxy resin,ranging from 1.5 to 6 h,and reduced the initial viscosity from 865.53 to 118.71 m Pa,s.The mechanical properties of the epoxy resin initially increased with a rise in curing agent content before experiencing a minor decrease.The epoxy resin containing 30%curing agent exhibited optimal mechanical properties.After a 14-day curing period,the epoxy resin's compressive strength reached81.37 MPa,2.12 times higher than that of cement,whereas the elastic modulus of cement was 2.99 times greater than that of the epoxy resin.The brittleness index of epoxy resin is only 3.42,demonstrating high flexibility and toughness.The tangential and normal shear strengths of the epoxy resin exceeded those of cement by 3.17 and 2.82 times,respectively.In a 0.5 mm-wide crack,the injection pressure of the epoxy resin remained below 0.075 MPa,indicating superior injection and flow capabilities.Conversely,the injection pressure of cement surged dramatically to 2.61 MPa within 5 min.The breakthrough pressure of0.5 PV epoxy resin reached 7.53 MPa,decreasing the crack's permeability to 0.02 D,a mere 9.49%of the permeability observed following cement plugging.Upon sealing a 2 mm-wide crack using epoxy resin,the maximum breakthrough pressure attained 5.47 MPa,3.48 times of cement.These results suggest that epoxy resin sealant can be employed safely and effectively to seal cracks in the cement. 展开更多
关键词 Sustained casing pressure Epoxy resin sealant Curing agent Viscosity reducer Mechanical properties crack sealing
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Effect of drying cracks on swelling and self-healing of bentonite-sand blocks used as engineered barriers for radioactive waste disposal
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作者 Yu Tan Guangping Zhou +2 位作者 Huyuan Zhang Xiaoya Li Ping Liu 《Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第5期1776-1787,共12页
Experiments were conducted to evaluate the healing of drying cracks in air-dried bentonite-sand blocks after hydration and swelling in groundwater,providing justifications to simplify the protection of blocks prior to... Experiments were conducted to evaluate the healing of drying cracks in air-dried bentonite-sand blocks after hydration and swelling in groundwater,providing justifications to simplify the protection of blocks prior to installation in a high-level radioactive waste repository.Synthetic groundwater was prepared to represent the geochemistry of Beishan groundwater,and was used to hydrate the blocks during the swelling pressure and swelling strain measurements,as Beishan is the most promising site for China's repository.Healing of the surface cracks was recorded by photography,and healing of the internal cracks was visualized by CT images and hydraulic conductivity of air-dried blocks.The results indicate that the maximum swelling pressure and swelling strain are primarily affected by the geochemistry of Beishan groundwater,but not affected by the drying cracks.The maximum swelling pressure and swelling strain of air-dried blocks are comparable to or even higher than the pressure and strain of fresh blocks.The maximum swelling pressure measured in strong(i.e.high ion strength)Beishan groundwater was 44%of the pressure measured in deionized(DI)water,and the maximum swelling strain was reduced to 23%of the strain measured in DI water.Nevertheless,the remained swelling of the blocks hydrated in strong Beishan groundwater was sufficient to heal the surface and internal drying cracks,as demonstrated by the pictures of surface cracks and CT images.The hydraulic conductivity of the air-dried block permeated with strong groundwater was comparable(3.7×higher)to the hydraulic conductivity of the fresh block,indicating the self-healing of drying cracks after hydration and swelling in groundwater.A simplified method of protecting the block with plastic wraps before installation is recommended,since the remained swelling of the block hydrated in Beishan groundwater is sufficient to heal the drying cracks. 展开更多
关键词 Beishan groundwater chemistry Bentonite buffer Drying cracks High-level radioactive waste(HLW) SELF-HEALING SWELLING
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Elimination of cracks in stainless steel casings via 3D printed sand molds with an internal topology structure
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作者 Jun-hang Xu Bao-zhi Li +6 位作者 Zhao-wei Song Yun-bao Gao Jing-ming Li Yu Wang Qiu-lin Wen Heng Cao Zeng-rui Wang 《China Foundry》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第4期319-326,共8页
The important supporting component in a gas turbine is the casing,which has the characteristics of large size,complex structure,and thin wall.In the context of existing 3DP sand casting processes,casting crack defects... The important supporting component in a gas turbine is the casing,which has the characteristics of large size,complex structure,and thin wall.In the context of existing 3DP sand casting processes,casting crack defects are prone to occur.This leads to an increase in the scrap rate of casings,causing significant resource wastage.Additionally,the presence of cracks poses a significant safety hazard after the casings are put into service.The generation of different types of crack defects in stainless steel casings is closely related to casting stress and the high-temperature concession of the sand mold.Therefore,the types and causes of cracks in stainless steel casing products,based on their structural characteristics,were systematically analyzed.Various sand molds with different internal topology designs were printed using the 3DP technology to investigate the impact of sand mold structures on high-temperature concession.The optimal sand mold structure was used to cast casings,and the crack suppression effect was verified by analyzing its eddy current testing results.The experimental results indicate that the skeleton structure has an excellent effect on suppressing cracks in the casing.This research holds important theoretical and engineering significance in improving the quality of casing castings and reducing production costs. 展开更多
关键词 gas turbine casing crack defects 3D printed sand mold topological structure high-temperature concession
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Assessing the range of blasting-induced cracks in the surrounding rock of deeply buried tunnels based on the unified strength theory
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作者 LI Liang CHEN Jia-jun +3 位作者 ZHAO Lian-heng HE Ke-pei HU Shi-hong LI Hua-long 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第7期2341-2364,共24页
Blasting-induced cracks in the rock surrounding deeply buried tunnels can result in water gushing and rock mass collapse,posing significant safety risks.However,previous theoretical studies on the range of blasting-in... Blasting-induced cracks in the rock surrounding deeply buried tunnels can result in water gushing and rock mass collapse,posing significant safety risks.However,previous theoretical studies on the range of blasting-induced cracks often ignore the impact of the in-situ stress,especially that of the intermediate principal stress.The particle displacement−crack radius relationship was established in this paper by utilizing the blasthole cavity expansion equation,and theoretical analytical formulas of the stress−displacement relationship and the crack radius were derived with unified strength theory to accurately assess the range of cracks in deep surrounding rock under a blasting load.Parameter analysis showed that the crushing zone size was positively correlated with in-situ stress,intermediate principal stress,and detonation pressure,whereas negatively correlated with Poisson ratio and decoupling coefficient.The dilatancy angle-crushing zone size relationship exhibited nonmonotonic behavior.The relationships in the crushing zone and the fracture zone exhibited opposite trends under the influence of only in-situ stress or intermediate principal stress.As the in-situ stress increased from 0 to 70 MPa,the rate of change in the crack range and the attenuation rate of the peak vibration velocity gradually slowed. 展开更多
关键词 deep drilling and blasting cracks in surrounding rock unified strength theory intermediate principle stress in-situ stress cavity expansion dilatancy characteristics
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Plastic deformation mechanism transition of Ti/Ni nanolaminate with pre-existing crack:Molecular dynamics study 被引量:1
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作者 Meng-Jia Su Qiong Deng +1 位作者 Min-Rong An Lan-Ting Liu 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2020年第11期427-438,共12页
Tensile behaviors of Ti/Ni nanolaminate with model-I crack are investigated by molecular dynamics simulations.The Ti/Ni nanolaminates with center crack either in Ti layer or in Ni layer under different loading directi... Tensile behaviors of Ti/Ni nanolaminate with model-I crack are investigated by molecular dynamics simulations.The Ti/Ni nanolaminates with center crack either in Ti layer or in Ni layer under different loading directions are utilized to systematically study the mechanical performance of the cracked material.The results indicate that pre-existing crack dramatically changes the plastic deformation mechanism of the Ti/Ni nanolaminate.Unlike the initial plastic deformation originating from the interface or weak Ti layer of the crack-free samples,the plastic behavior of cracked Ti/Ni nanolaminate first occurs at the crack tip due to the local stress concentration.Subsequent plastic deformation is dominated by the interaction between the crack and interface.The Ti/Ni interface not only impedes the movement of the initial plastic deformation carriers(dislocation,slip band,and deformation twinning)from the crack tip,but also promotes the movement of interfacial dislocations in the tension process.Microstructure evolution analysis further confirms that the plastic deformation mechanism transition is ascribed to the orientation-dependent tensile behavior at the crack tip,which is intrinsically attributed to the anisotropy of the certain crystal structure and loading direction of the cracked Ti/Ni nanolaminate.In addition,by analyzing the effects of different plastic deformation carriers on crack propagation in specific crystal,it can be discovered that the interfacial dislocations moving towards the crack tip can further promote the crack growth. 展开更多
关键词 molecular dynamics Ti/Ni nanolaminate plastic deformation mechanisms crack propagation
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Eddy current quantitative evaluation of high-speed railway contact wire cracks based on neural network
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作者 Xueying Zhou Wentao Sun +3 位作者 Zehui Zhang Junbo Zhang Haibo Chen Hongmei Li 《Railway Sciences》 2024年第6期764-778,共15页
Purpose–The purpose of this study is to study the quantitative evaluation method of contact wire cracks by analyzing the changing law of eddy current signal characteristics under different cracks of contact wire of h... Purpose–The purpose of this study is to study the quantitative evaluation method of contact wire cracks by analyzing the changing law of eddy current signal characteristics under different cracks of contact wire of high-speed railway so as to provide a new way of thinking and method for the detection of contact wire injuries of high-speed railway.Design/methodology/approach–Based on the principle of eddy current detection and the specification parameters of high-speed railway contact wires in China,a finite element model for eddy current testing of contact wires was established to explore the variation patterns of crack signal characteristics in numerical simulation.A crack detection system based on eddy current detection was built,and eddy current detection voltage data was obtained for cracks of different depths and widths.By analyzing the variation law of eddy current signals,characteristic parameters were obtained and a quantitative evaluation model for crack width and depth was established based on the back propagation(BP)neural network.Findings–Numerical simulation and experimental detection of eddy current signal change rule is basically consistent,based on the law of the selected characteristics of the parameters in the BP neural network crack quantitative evaluation model also has a certain degree of effectiveness and reliability.BP neural network training results show that the classification accuracy for different widths and depths of the classification is 100 and 85.71%,respectively,and can be effectively realized on the high-speed railway contact line cracks of the quantitative evaluation classification.Originality/value–This study establishes a new type of high-speed railway contact wire crack detection and identification method,which provides a new technical means for high-speed railway contact wire injury detection.The study of eddy current characteristic law and quantitative evaluation model for different cracks in contact line has important academic value and practical significance,and it has certain guiding significance for the detection technology of contact line in high-speed railway. 展开更多
关键词 High-speed railway catenary crack detection Eddy current detection Neural network Paper type Research paper
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Intelligent extraction of road cracks based on vehicle laser point cloud and panoramic sequence images
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作者 Ming Guo Li Zhu +4 位作者 Ming Huang Jie Ji Xian Ren Yaxuan Wei Chutian Gao 《Journal of Road Engineering》 2024年第1期69-79,共11页
In light of the limited efficacy of conventional methods for identifying pavement cracks and the absence of comprehensive depth and location data in two-dimensional photographs,this study presents an intelligent strat... In light of the limited efficacy of conventional methods for identifying pavement cracks and the absence of comprehensive depth and location data in two-dimensional photographs,this study presents an intelligent strategy for extracting road cracks.This methodology involves the integration of laser point cloud data obtained from a vehicle-mounted system and a panoramic sequence of images.The study employs a vehicle-mounted LiDAR measurement system to acquire laser point cloud and panoramic sequence image data simultaneously.A convolutional neural network is utilized to extract cracks from the panoramic sequence image.The extracted sequence image is then aligned with the laser point cloud,enabling the assignment of RGB information to the vehicle-mounted three dimensional(3D)point cloud and location information to the two dimensional(2D)panoramic image.Additionally,a threshold value is set based on the crack elevation change to extract the aligned roadway point cloud.The three-dimensional data pertaining to the cracks can be acquired.The experimental findings demonstrate that the use of convolutional neural networks has yielded noteworthy outcomes in the extraction of road cracks.The utilization of point cloud and image alignment techniques enables the extraction of precise location data pertaining to road cracks.This approach exhibits superior accuracy when compared to conventional methods.Moreover,it facilitates rapid and accurate identification and localization of road cracks,thereby playing a crucial role in ensuring road maintenance and traffic safety.Consequently,this technique finds extensive application in the domains of intelligent transportation and urbanization development.The technology exhibits significant promise for use in the domains of intelligent transportation and city development. 展开更多
关键词 Road crack extraction Vehicle laser point cloud Panoramic sequence images Convolutional neural network
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Thermal Stresses and Cracks During the Growth of Large-sized Sapphire with SAPMAC Method 被引量:2
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作者 许承海 孟松鹤 +2 位作者 张明福 左洪波 汪桂根 《Chinese Journal of Aeronautics》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2007年第5期475-480,共6页
The finite-element method has been used to study the thermal stress distribution in large-sized sapphire crystals grown with the sapphire growth technique with micro-pulling and shoulder-expanding at cooled center (S... The finite-element method has been used to study the thermal stress distribution in large-sized sapphire crystals grown with the sapphire growth technique with micro-pulling and shoulder-expanding at cooled center (SAPMAC) method. A critical defect model has been established to explain the growth and propagation of cracks during the sapphire growing process. It is demonstrated that the stress field depends on the growth rate, the ambient temperature and the crystallizing direction. High stresses always exist near the growth interfaces, at the shoulder-expanding locations, the tailing locations and the sites where the diameters undergo sharp changes. The maximum stresses always occur at the interface of seeds and crystals. Cracks often form in the critical defect region and spread in the m-planes and a-planes under applied tensile stresses during crystal growth. The experimental results have verified that with the improved system of crystal growth and well-controlled techniques, the large-sized sapphire crystals of high quality can be grown due to absence of cracks. 展开更多
关键词 thermal stress crack SAPPHIRE SAPMAC method
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Causes and control of welding cracks in electron-beam-welded superalloy GH4169 joints 被引量:4
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作者 陈国庆 张秉刚 +1 位作者 吕天民 冯吉才 《Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2013年第7期1971-1976,共6页
Welding joint of GH4169 alloy with a good formation was obtained. No macroscopic defects occurred in the joint. The weld had mainly a dendritic structure; the base metal was a solid solution of Ni, Cr, and Fe, and the... Welding joint of GH4169 alloy with a good formation was obtained. No macroscopic defects occurred in the joint. The weld had mainly a dendritic structure; the base metal was a solid solution of Ni, Cr, and Fe, and the strengthening-phase particles such as Ni3Nb were dispersively distributed along the grain boundary. The average tensile strength of the joint reached 743.7 MPa, and the Vickers hardness of the weld exceeded HV 300. Because of the segregation of the low-melting compound Ni3Nb at the grain boundary of the fusion zone, liquid cracks tended to occur as a result of welding stress. The formation of liquid cracks was inhibited by adding an alloying element, Mn, to the welding bath, because Mn diffused to the fusion zone and the high-melting phase Mn2Nb formed, and thus the overall properties of the joint were improved. 展开更多
关键词 GH4169 alloy electron-beam welding welding crack
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New Formulation for Arbitrary Cracks Problem and Its Stress Intensity Factor of Plane Elasticity 被引量:4
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作者 杨晓春 范天佑 刘士强 《Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology》 EI CAS 1999年第4期364-369,共6页
Aim The general arbitrary cracked problem in an elastic plane was discussed. Methods For the purpose of acquiring the solution of the problem, a new formulation on the problem was proposed. Compared with the classic... Aim The general arbitrary cracked problem in an elastic plane was discussed. Methods For the purpose of acquiring the solution of the problem, a new formulation on the problem was proposed. Compared with the classical plane elastic crack model, only the known conditions were revised in the new formulation, which are greatly convenient to solve the problem, and no other new condition was given. Results and Conclusion The general exact analytic solution is given here based on the formulation though the problem is very complicated. Furthermore, the stress intensity factors K Ⅰ, K Ⅱ of the problem are also given. 展开更多
关键词 complex variable function method general curve cracks Riemann Hilbert boundary value problem closed form solution stress intensity factors
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Crack growth analysis for rock-like materials with ordered multiple pre-cracks under biaxial compression 被引量:4
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作者 WANG Min CAO Ping +3 位作者 WAN Wen ZHAO Yan-lin LIU Jie LIU Jing-shuo 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2017年第4期866-874,共9页
The pre-burying iron sheets approach was used to prepare rock-like materials with ordered multiple pre-cracks. 60 specimens in total were prepared in these experiments. Through biaxial compression experiments, the inf... The pre-burying iron sheets approach was used to prepare rock-like materials with ordered multiple pre-cracks. 60 specimens in total were prepared in these experiments. Through biaxial compression experiments, the influence of both the number of pre-cracks and pre-cracks angles to crack growth was analyzed. Meanwhile, species of rock bridge failure were summarized, namely, wing crack, secondary shear crack between horizontal pre-cracks and secondary shear crack between vertical pre-cracks. The wing crack plays a significant role in crack growth. Furthermore, fractal dimension was adopted to describe quantitatively the crack growth during the failure process. The results indicate that with the failure of specimens, corresponding fractal dimension for specimen monotonically increases, which indicates that the fractal dimension can be considered to the failure of the specimens quantitatively. 展开更多
关键词 crack growth WING crack secondary SHEAR crack vertical pre-cracks FRACTAL DIMENSION
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