Diabetes has become a growing concern in Japan, both medically and financially. The medical cost of diabetes was estimated at 1215 billion yen for fiscal year 2011. We analyzed the length of stay (LOS) in a hospital f...Diabetes has become a growing concern in Japan, both medically and financially. The medical cost of diabetes was estimated at 1215 billion yen for fiscal year 2011. We analyzed the length of stay (LOS) in a hospital for type 2 diabetes mellitus patients who participated in educational programs to determine factors affecting LOS. Data on 991 patients obtained from 28 Red Cross hospitals in 2008 were used. For the analysis, we used the Box-Cox transformation model and Hausman test. The results revealed that patients aged 75 years and above and those with comorbidities and complications were prone to longer LOS. The analysis also revealed significant differences in LOS across the hospitals, even after controlling for patient characteristics. Finally, we applied the least squares method to determine the effects of hospital and regional factors and revealed that patients’ LOS was affected by the region’s average LOS. Regional corporations and networks appeared to be important in improving educational programs.展开更多
The Qiang Nationality has a long history and forms a dance form rich in lively rhythm, beats and heroic dance postures in the long process of its development. As a member of the Chinese traditional dance culture, and ...The Qiang Nationality has a long history and forms a dance form rich in lively rhythm, beats and heroic dance postures in the long process of its development. As a member of the Chinese traditional dance culture, and affected by Qiang Nationality's no written language, the Qiang dance can only be inherited by means of oral or mental instruction. Therefore, its inheritance has already been in crisis with the Qiang people's gradually going out of the national and geographical restrictions. At this time, teaching Qiang dance in the pre-school education can achieve the purpose of cultivating the traditional dance feelings of Qiang Nationality from the early childhood, thus making the children become inheritor and disseminator of Qiang culture. At the present stage, many scholars in our country have explored the inheritance of Qiang dance in pre-school education, and have reached certain research results. After clarifying the internal and external influencing factors of the Qiang dance and its inheritance, this paper summarizes the existing research results mainly from the two aspects including the problems of Qiang dance inheritance existing in the pre-school education and its application to the inheritance strategy.展开更多
Japanese medical expenditures have increased rapidly in recent years and are predicted to continue rising. Indeed, it remains uncertain whether the current Japanese medical system can be sustained. In this paper, we a...Japanese medical expenditures have increased rapidly in recent years and are predicted to continue rising. Indeed, it remains uncertain whether the current Japanese medical system can be sustained. In this paper, we analyzed the medical expenditures for educational hospitalization of patients with type 2 diabetes. A dataset of 6173 patients from 36 hospitals was used in the analysis. The sample period was from July 2008 to March 2012. We analyzed the medical expenditures in two ways. First, we analyzed the length of hospital stay (LOS). Next, we analyzed the daily expenditure per patient. The Box-Cox transformation model was used in the first analysis and the ordinary least squares method in the second. Comorbidities and complications prolonged LOS and increased daily expenditures. The LOS was significantly different among hospitals. On the other hand, the differences in daily expenditures among hospitals were relatively small, such that LOS was the main determinant of medical expenditures. Previous studies suggested that LOS could be shortened without degradation of medical quality. Moreover, LOS could be controlled by introducing proper critical paths and improving and standardizing educational programs. Hence, it would be possible to control the medical expenditures for this disease.展开更多
Self-efficacy was proposed by American psychologist Bandura in 1977.This paper explores the relationship between self-efficacy theory and children's language development,and proposes strategies to improve children...Self-efficacy was proposed by American psychologist Bandura in 1977.This paper explores the relationship between self-efficacy theory and children's language development,and proposes strategies to improve children’s self-efficacy in an all-round way,such as correcting adults’attitudes towards children’s language learning,paying attention to children’s individual language learning experience,playing a role of peer model demonstration,setting up the moderate difficulty of language learning task,and exerting children's self-efficacy in language learning in different types of language activities.展开更多
Accurate understanding of the demand for talents in higher vocational preschool education majors under the background of the integration of industry and education is helpful to provide a practical theoretical basis fo...Accurate understanding of the demand for talents in higher vocational preschool education majors under the background of the integration of industry and education is helpful to provide a practical theoretical basis for the formulation of five-year preschool education specialty direction and teaching standards.Through questionnaire survey,field interview,literature review and other ways to vocational colleges,kindergartens,preschool field related employers to carry out real-time research.Through the investigation,it is found that the number of graduates majoring in three-year preschool education can not meet the demand of the local market,and the flow of graduates is the key factor that directly leads to the market"short supply".In addition,there are other problems in the demand situation.Combined with the investigation and analysis,measures such as establishing the five-year preschool education major,optimizing the core curriculum system,and strengthening the long-term mechanism of school-enterprise cooperation are proposed.展开更多
文摘Diabetes has become a growing concern in Japan, both medically and financially. The medical cost of diabetes was estimated at 1215 billion yen for fiscal year 2011. We analyzed the length of stay (LOS) in a hospital for type 2 diabetes mellitus patients who participated in educational programs to determine factors affecting LOS. Data on 991 patients obtained from 28 Red Cross hospitals in 2008 were used. For the analysis, we used the Box-Cox transformation model and Hausman test. The results revealed that patients aged 75 years and above and those with comorbidities and complications were prone to longer LOS. The analysis also revealed significant differences in LOS across the hospitals, even after controlling for patient characteristics. Finally, we applied the least squares method to determine the effects of hospital and regional factors and revealed that patients’ LOS was affected by the region’s average LOS. Regional corporations and networks appeared to be important in improving educational programs.
文摘The Qiang Nationality has a long history and forms a dance form rich in lively rhythm, beats and heroic dance postures in the long process of its development. As a member of the Chinese traditional dance culture, and affected by Qiang Nationality's no written language, the Qiang dance can only be inherited by means of oral or mental instruction. Therefore, its inheritance has already been in crisis with the Qiang people's gradually going out of the national and geographical restrictions. At this time, teaching Qiang dance in the pre-school education can achieve the purpose of cultivating the traditional dance feelings of Qiang Nationality from the early childhood, thus making the children become inheritor and disseminator of Qiang culture. At the present stage, many scholars in our country have explored the inheritance of Qiang dance in pre-school education, and have reached certain research results. After clarifying the internal and external influencing factors of the Qiang dance and its inheritance, this paper summarizes the existing research results mainly from the two aspects including the problems of Qiang dance inheritance existing in the pre-school education and its application to the inheritance strategy.
文摘Japanese medical expenditures have increased rapidly in recent years and are predicted to continue rising. Indeed, it remains uncertain whether the current Japanese medical system can be sustained. In this paper, we analyzed the medical expenditures for educational hospitalization of patients with type 2 diabetes. A dataset of 6173 patients from 36 hospitals was used in the analysis. The sample period was from July 2008 to March 2012. We analyzed the medical expenditures in two ways. First, we analyzed the length of hospital stay (LOS). Next, we analyzed the daily expenditure per patient. The Box-Cox transformation model was used in the first analysis and the ordinary least squares method in the second. Comorbidities and complications prolonged LOS and increased daily expenditures. The LOS was significantly different among hospitals. On the other hand, the differences in daily expenditures among hospitals were relatively small, such that LOS was the main determinant of medical expenditures. Previous studies suggested that LOS could be shortened without degradation of medical quality. Moreover, LOS could be controlled by introducing proper critical paths and improving and standardizing educational programs. Hence, it would be possible to control the medical expenditures for this disease.
基金Research topic number of the 13th Five-Year Plan of China Society of Preschool Education(K20160470)。
文摘Self-efficacy was proposed by American psychologist Bandura in 1977.This paper explores the relationship between self-efficacy theory and children's language development,and proposes strategies to improve children’s self-efficacy in an all-round way,such as correcting adults’attitudes towards children’s language learning,paying attention to children’s individual language learning experience,playing a role of peer model demonstration,setting up the moderate difficulty of language learning task,and exerting children's self-efficacy in language learning in different types of language activities.
文摘Accurate understanding of the demand for talents in higher vocational preschool education majors under the background of the integration of industry and education is helpful to provide a practical theoretical basis for the formulation of five-year preschool education specialty direction and teaching standards.Through questionnaire survey,field interview,literature review and other ways to vocational colleges,kindergartens,preschool field related employers to carry out real-time research.Through the investigation,it is found that the number of graduates majoring in three-year preschool education can not meet the demand of the local market,and the flow of graduates is the key factor that directly leads to the market"short supply".In addition,there are other problems in the demand situation.Combined with the investigation and analysis,measures such as establishing the five-year preschool education major,optimizing the core curriculum system,and strengthening the long-term mechanism of school-enterprise cooperation are proposed.
