Low back pain is a vital musculoskeletal disease that impairs life quality,leads to disability and imposes heavy economic burden on the society,while it is greatly attributed to intervertebral disc degeneration(IDD).H...Low back pain is a vital musculoskeletal disease that impairs life quality,leads to disability and imposes heavy economic burden on the society,while it is greatly attributed to intervertebral disc degeneration(IDD).However,the existing treatments,such as medicines,chiropractic adjustments and surgery,cannot achieve ideal disc regeneration.Therefore,advanced bioactive therapies are implemented,including stem cells delivery,bioreagents administration,and implantation of biomaterials etc.Among these researches,few reported unsatisfying regenerative outcomes.However,these advanced therapies have barely achieved successful clinical translation.The main reason for the inconsistency between satisfying preclinical results and poor clinical translation may largely rely on the animal models that cannot actually simulate the human disc degeneration.The inappropriate animal model also leads to difficulties in comparing the efficacies among biomaterials in different reaches.Therefore,animal models that better simulate the clinical charateristics of human IDD should be acknowledged.In addition,in vivo regenerative outcomes should be carefully evaluated to obtain robust results.Nevertheless,many researches neglect certain critical characteristics,such as adhesive properties for biomaterials blocking annulus fibrosus defects and hyperalgesia that is closely related to the clinical manifestations,e.g,low back pain.Herein,in this review,we summarized the animal models established for IDD,and highlighted the proper models and parameters that may result in acknowledged IDD models.Then,we discussed the existing biomaterials for disc regeneration and the characteristics that should be considered for regenerating different parts of discs.Finally,well-established assays and parameters for in vivo disc regeneration are explored.展开更多
Organoids,miniature and simplified in vitro model systems that mimic the structure and function of organs,have attracted considerable interest due to their promising applications in disease modeling,drug screening,per...Organoids,miniature and simplified in vitro model systems that mimic the structure and function of organs,have attracted considerable interest due to their promising applications in disease modeling,drug screening,personalized medicine,and tissue engineering.Despite the substantial success in cultivating physiologically relevant organoids,challenges remain concerning the complexities of their assembly and the difficulties associated with data analysis.The advent of AI-Enabled Organoids,which interfaces with artificial intelligence(AI),holds the potential to revolutionize the field by offering novel insights and methodologies that can expedite the development and clinical application of organoids.This review succinctly delineates the fundamental concepts and mechanisms underlying AI-Enabled Organoids,summarizing the prospective applications on rapid screening of construction strategies,cost-effective extraction of multiscale image features,streamlined analysis of multi-omics data,and precise preclinical evaluation and application.We also explore the challenges and limitations of interfacing organoids with AI,and discuss the future direction of the field.Taken together,the AI-Enabled Organoids hold significant promise for advancing our understanding of organ development and disease progression,ultimately laying the groundwork for clinical application.展开更多
基金supported by the Major Research Plan of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.91649204)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2016YFC1100100)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81974352)the Scientific Research Training Program for Young Talents from Union Hospital,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82002333)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.LQ21H060004).
文摘Low back pain is a vital musculoskeletal disease that impairs life quality,leads to disability and imposes heavy economic burden on the society,while it is greatly attributed to intervertebral disc degeneration(IDD).However,the existing treatments,such as medicines,chiropractic adjustments and surgery,cannot achieve ideal disc regeneration.Therefore,advanced bioactive therapies are implemented,including stem cells delivery,bioreagents administration,and implantation of biomaterials etc.Among these researches,few reported unsatisfying regenerative outcomes.However,these advanced therapies have barely achieved successful clinical translation.The main reason for the inconsistency between satisfying preclinical results and poor clinical translation may largely rely on the animal models that cannot actually simulate the human disc degeneration.The inappropriate animal model also leads to difficulties in comparing the efficacies among biomaterials in different reaches.Therefore,animal models that better simulate the clinical charateristics of human IDD should be acknowledged.In addition,in vivo regenerative outcomes should be carefully evaluated to obtain robust results.Nevertheless,many researches neglect certain critical characteristics,such as adhesive properties for biomaterials blocking annulus fibrosus defects and hyperalgesia that is closely related to the clinical manifestations,e.g,low back pain.Herein,in this review,we summarized the animal models established for IDD,and highlighted the proper models and parameters that may result in acknowledged IDD models.Then,we discussed the existing biomaterials for disc regeneration and the characteristics that should be considered for regenerating different parts of discs.Finally,well-established assays and parameters for in vivo disc regeneration are explored.
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(82230071,82172098)Shanghai Committee of Science and Technology(23141900600,Laboratory Animal Research Project).
文摘Organoids,miniature and simplified in vitro model systems that mimic the structure and function of organs,have attracted considerable interest due to their promising applications in disease modeling,drug screening,personalized medicine,and tissue engineering.Despite the substantial success in cultivating physiologically relevant organoids,challenges remain concerning the complexities of their assembly and the difficulties associated with data analysis.The advent of AI-Enabled Organoids,which interfaces with artificial intelligence(AI),holds the potential to revolutionize the field by offering novel insights and methodologies that can expedite the development and clinical application of organoids.This review succinctly delineates the fundamental concepts and mechanisms underlying AI-Enabled Organoids,summarizing the prospective applications on rapid screening of construction strategies,cost-effective extraction of multiscale image features,streamlined analysis of multi-omics data,and precise preclinical evaluation and application.We also explore the challenges and limitations of interfacing organoids with AI,and discuss the future direction of the field.Taken together,the AI-Enabled Organoids hold significant promise for advancing our understanding of organ development and disease progression,ultimately laying the groundwork for clinical application.