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Dopamine in the prefrontal cortex plays multiple roles in the executive function of patients with Parkinson's disease 被引量:1
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作者 Zihang Zhou Yalong Yan +4 位作者 Heng Gu Ruiao Sun Zihan Liao Ke Xue Chuanxi Tang 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第8期1759-1767,共9页
Parkinson’s disease can affect not only motor functions but also cognitive abilities,leading to cognitive impairment.One common issue in Parkinson’s disease with cognitive dysfunction is the difficulty in executive ... Parkinson’s disease can affect not only motor functions but also cognitive abilities,leading to cognitive impairment.One common issue in Parkinson’s disease with cognitive dysfunction is the difficulty in executive functioning.Executive functions help us plan,organize,and control our actions based on our goals.The brain area responsible for executive functions is called the prefrontal co rtex.It acts as the command center for the brain,especially when it comes to regulating executive functions.The role of the prefrontal cortex in cognitive processes is influenced by a chemical messenger called dopamine.However,little is known about how dopamine affects the cognitive functions of patients with Parkinson’s disease.In this article,the authors review the latest research on this topic.They start by looking at how the dopaminergic syste m,is alte red in Parkinson’s disease with executive dysfunction.Then,they explore how these changes in dopamine impact the synaptic structure,electrical activity,and connection components of the prefrontal cortex.The authors also summarize the relationship between Parkinson’s disease and dopamine-related cognitive issues.This information may offer valuable insights and directions for further research and improvement in the clinical treatment of cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease. 展开更多
关键词 DOPAMINE dopamine receptor dopamine transporter executive dysfunction neural network neural oscillation prefrontal cortex synaptic plasticity
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Vibration-reduced anxiety-like behavior relies on ameliorating abnormalities of the somatosensory cortex and medial prefrontal cortex 被引量:1
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作者 Afzal Misrani Sidra Tabassum +8 位作者 Tintin Wang Huixian Huang Jinxiang Jiang Hongjun Diao Yanping Zhao Zhen Huang Shaohua Tan Cheng Long Li Yang 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第6期1351-1359,共9页
Tibetan singing bowls emit low-frequency sounds and produce perceptible harmonic tones and vibrations through manual tapping.The sounds the singing bowls produce have been shown to enhance relaxation and reduce anxiet... Tibetan singing bowls emit low-frequency sounds and produce perceptible harmonic tones and vibrations through manual tapping.The sounds the singing bowls produce have been shown to enhance relaxation and reduce anxiety.However,the underlying mechanism remains unclear.In this study,we used chronic restraint stress or sleep deprivation to establish mouse models of anxiety that exhibit anxiety-like behaviors.We then supplied treatment with singing bowls in a bottomless cage placed on the top of a cushion.We found that unlike in humans,the combination of harmonic tones and vibrations did not improve anxietylike behaviors in mice,while individual vibration components did.Additionally,the vibration of singing bowls increased the level of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 1 in the somatosensory cortex and prefrontal cortex of the mice,decreased the level ofγ-aminobutyric acid A(GABA)receptorα1 subtype,reduced the level of CaMKII in the prefrontal cortex,and increased the number of GABAergic interneurons.At the same time,electrophysiological tests showed that the vibration of singing bowls significantly reduced the abnormal low-frequency gamma oscillation peak frequency in the medial prefrontal cortex caused by stress restraint pressure and sleep deprivation.Results from this study indicate that the vibration of singing bowls can alleviate anxiety-like behaviors by reducing abnormal molecular and electrophysiological events in somatosensory and medial prefrontal cortex. 展开更多
关键词 anxiety medial prefrontal cortex parvalbumin interneuron pressure somatosensory cortex Tibetan singing bowl VIBRATION
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THE RELATION BETWEEN EVOLUTION OF SPATIAL WORKING MEMORY FUNCTION AND OF MORPHOLOGY OF THE DORSOLATERAL PREFRONTAL CORTEX AMONG THE RHESUS MONKEY, SLOW LORIS AND TREE SHREW 被引量:1
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作者 蔡景霞 徐林 +3 位作者 胡新天 马原野 苏卫 肖昆媛 《Zoological Research》 CAS CSCD 1993年第2期158-165,共8页
The relation between evolution of spatial working memory function and of morphology of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex among the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta), the slow loris (Nycticebus coucang) and the tree shre... The relation between evolution of spatial working memory function and of morphology of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex among the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta), the slow loris (Nycticebus coucang) and the tree shrew (Tupaia belangen chinensis) were reported in present paper. The results read as follows: In the DR performance with training, the rhesus monkeys and slow lorises could reach a criterion of 90% correct response at 1.1 ± 3.2 seconds, and 3.8±0.4 seconds delay interval, respectively, by 1000 training trails. The tree shrews failed to reach the criterion of 90% correct response even at 0 seconds delay interval by 1000 training trails. If a delay interval was tested in one session (30 trails) only, doing the DR performamce without training, the rhesus monkeys reached a correct of 80% or higher in each session at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 seconds delay, respectively. The percent correct in each session of the slow lorises showed no differences from the rhesus monkeys at 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 seconds delay. However, when the delay interval was increased to 5 seconds, the percent correct of the DR performance declined to 70% or lower in the slow lorises. In the tree shrews the percent correct in each session reached to 70% or lower at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 seconds delay interval, respectively. The morphological studies revealed that the size of the prefrontal cortex increased, and the structure got complex in the course of the evolution in primates. It is suggested that the relation of evolution between the spatial working memory function and anatomy in the prefrontal cortex might be significant among the three species, both the development of morphology and that of the spatial working memory function in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex are later than other regions of cerebral cortex in phylogenetic evolution course. 展开更多
关键词 Spatial working memory prefrontal cortex MORPHOLOGY EVOLUTION RELATION Macaca mulatta Nycticebus coucang Tupaia belangeri chinensis
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The selective 5-HTIA receptor antagonist WAY-100635 inhibits neuronal activity of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex in a rodent model of Parkinson's disease 被引量:1
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作者 曹健 刘健 +4 位作者 张巧俊 王涛 王爽 韩玲娜 李强 《Neuroscience Bulletin》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2007年第6期315-322,共8页
Objective The ventral part of the medial prefrontal cortex(mPFC)plays an important role in initiation and control of voluntary movement,mood and cognition.However,after the degeneration of the nigrostriatal pathway,... Objective The ventral part of the medial prefrontal cortex(mPFC)plays an important role in initiation and control of voluntary movement,mood and cognition.However,after the degeneration of the nigrostriatal pathway,the neuronal activity of the ventral mPFC and the role of serotonin1A(5-hydroxytryptamine,5-HT1A)receptors in the firing of the neurons are still unknown.The present study is to investigate the change of neuronal activity in the ventral mPFC and the effect of systemic administration of the selective 5-HT1Areceptor antagonist WAY-100635 on the activity of the neurons in normal and 6-hydroxydopamine(6-OHDA)-lesioned rats.Methods Single unit responses were recorded extracellularly with glass microelectrodes from ventral mPFC neurons in normal rats and 6-OHDA unilaterally lesiond rats in vivo.Results 6-OHDA lesion of the substantia nigra pars compacta(SNc)significantly increased the firing rate with no change in the firing pattern of neurons of the ventral mPFC in rats.Systemic administration of WAY-100635(0.1 mg/kg,i.v.)did not change the mean firing rate and firing pattern of ventral mPFC neurons in normal rats.In contrast,WAY-100635 signifi- cantly decreased the mean firing rate of the neurons in rats with 6-OHDA lesion of the SNc.Conclusion These data suggest that the degeneration of the nigrostriatal pathway results in an increase of neuronal activity of ventral mPFC and dysfunction of 5-HT1Areceptor. 展开更多
关键词 medial prefrontal cortex 5-HT1Areceptor WAY-100635 Parkinson's disease ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY
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Wake-promoting effects of vagus nerve stimulation after traumatic brain injury: upregulation of orexin-A and orexin receptor type 1 expression in the prefrontal cortex 被引量:11
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作者 Xiao-yang Dong Zhen Feng 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2018年第2期244-251,共8页
Orexins, produced in the lateral hypothalamus, are important neuropeptides that participate in the sleep/wake cycle, and their expres- sion coincides with the projection area of the vagus nerve in the brain. Vagus ner... Orexins, produced in the lateral hypothalamus, are important neuropeptides that participate in the sleep/wake cycle, and their expres- sion coincides with the projection area of the vagus nerve in the brain. Vagus nerve stimulation has been shown to decrease the amounts of daytime sleep and rapid eye movement in epilepsy patients with traumatic brain injury. In the present study, we investigated whether vagus nerve stimulation promotes wakefulness and affects orexin expression. A rat model of traumatic brain injury was established using the free fall drop method. In the stimulated group, rats with traumatic brain injury received vagus nerve stimulation (frequency, 30 Hz, current, 1.0 mA; pulse width, 0.5 ms; total stimulation time, 15 minutes). In the antagonist group, rats with traumatic brain injury were intracerebroventricularly injected with the orexin receptor type 1 (OXIR) antagonist SB334867 and received vagus nerve stimulation. Changes in consciousness were observed after stimulation in each group. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, western blot assay and immunohistochemistry were used to assess the levels of orexin-A and OX1R expression in the prefrontal cortex. In the stimulated group, consciousness was substantially improved, orexin-A protein expression gradually increased within 24 hours after injury and OX1R expres- sion reached a peak at 12 hours, compared with rats subjected to traumatic brain injury only. In the antagonist group, the wake-promoting effect of vagus nerve stimulation was diminished, and orexin-A and OX1R expression were decreased, compared with that of the stim- ulated group. Taken together, our findings suggest that vagus nerve stimulation promotes the recovery of consciousness in comatose rats after traumatic brain injury. The upregulation of orexin-A and OXIR expression in the prefrontal cortex might be involved in the wake-promoting effects of vagus nerve stimulation. 展开更多
关键词 nerve regeneration brain injury OREXIN-A orexin receptor type 1 vagus nerve stimulation traumatic brain injury wake-promoting coma wakefulness prefrontal cortex neurotransmitter neural regeneration
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Short-term environmental enrichment exposure induces proliferation and maturation of doublecortin-positive cells in the prefrontal cortex 被引量:4
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作者 Chunling Fan Mengqi Zhang +6 位作者 Lei Shang Ngobe Akume Cynthia Zhi Li Zhenyu Yang Dan Chen Jufang Huang Kun Xiong 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2014年第3期318-328,共11页
Previous studies have demonstrated that doublecortin-positive immature neurons exist pre- dominantly in the superficial layer of the cerebral cortex of adult mammals such as guinea pigs, and these neurons exhibit very... Previous studies have demonstrated that doublecortin-positive immature neurons exist pre- dominantly in the superficial layer of the cerebral cortex of adult mammals such as guinea pigs, and these neurons exhibit very weak properties of self-proliferation during adulthood under physiological conditions. To verify whether environmental enrichment has an impact on the proliferation and maturation of these immature neurons in the prefrontal cortex of adult guinea pigs, healthy adult guinea pigs were subjected to short-term environmental enrichment. Animals were allowed to play with various cognitive and physical stimulating objects over a period of 2 weeks, twice per day, for 60 minutes each. Immunofluorescence staining results indicated that the number of doublecortin-positive cells in layer II of the prefrontal cortex was significantly increased after short-term environmental enrichment exposure. In addition, these doublecortin-positive cells co-expressed 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (a marker of cell prolifera- tion), c-Fos (a marker of cell viability) and NeuN (a marker of mature neurons). Experimental findings showed that short-term environmental enrichment can induce proliferation, activation and maturation of doublecortin-positive cells in layer II of the prefrontal cortex of adult guinea pigs. 展开更多
关键词 nerve regeneration NEUROGENESIS prefrontal cortex NEOcortex guinea pig doublecortinprotein cell proliferation neurons 5-bromodeoxyuridine NSFC grant neural regeneration
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Atrophy of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex is associated with poor performance in verbal fluency in elderly poststroke women 被引量:2
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作者 Yang-Kun Chen Wei-Min Xiao +6 位作者 Defeng Wang Lin Shi Winnie CW Chu Vincent CT Mok Ka Sing Wong Gabor S Ungvari Wai Kwong Tang 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2013年第4期346-356,共11页
This study aimed to investigate the association between atrophy in the prefrontal cortex with executive function and verbal fluency in elderly male and female patients poststroke. Thirty elderly female patients with n... This study aimed to investigate the association between atrophy in the prefrontal cortex with executive function and verbal fluency in elderly male and female patients poststroke. Thirty elderly female patients with non-aphasic ischemic stroke aged -〉 60 years and 30 age-matched non-aphasic male patients with ischemic stroke were recruited. Automatic magnetic resonance imaging segmentation was used to assess the volume of the whole prefrontal cortex, along with its subdivisions: anterior cingulate cortex, orbitofrontal cortex and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. The Semantic Verbal Fluency Test was administered at 3 and 15 months poststroke. At 3 months poststroke, left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex volume was significantly correlated with Verbal Fluency Test score in female patients only (partial coefficient = 0.453, P = 0.045), after controlling for age, education, diabetes, neurological deficit, white matter lesions volume, as well as the location and volume of infarcts. At 15 months poststroke, there remained a significant association between the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex volume and Verbal Fluency Test (partial coefficient = 0.661, P = 0.001) and between the left prefrontal cortex volume and Verbal Fluency Test (partial coefficient = 0.573, P = 0.004) in female patients after the same adjustments. These findings indicate that atrophy of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex contributes to the impairment of verbal fluency in elderly female patients with stroke. Sex differences may be present in the neuropsychological mechanisms of verbal fluency impairment in patients with stroke. 展开更多
关键词 neural regeneration NEUROIMAGING brain atrophy verbal fluency executive function stroke sex differences prefrontal cortex dorsolateral prefrontal cortex magnetic resonance imaging grants-supported paper photographs-containing paper NEUROREGENERATION
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Distinct neuronal excitability alterations of medial prefrontal cortex in early-life neglect model of rats 被引量:3
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作者 Yu Zhang Xiuping Sun +3 位作者 Changsong Dou Xianglei Li Ling Zhang Chuan Qin 《Animal Models and Experimental Medicine》 CSCD 2022年第3期274-280,共7页
Object:Early-life neglect has irreversible emotional effects on the central nervous system.In this work,we aimed to elucidate distinct functional neural changes in me-dial prefrontal cortex(mPFC)of model rats.Methods:... Object:Early-life neglect has irreversible emotional effects on the central nervous system.In this work,we aimed to elucidate distinct functional neural changes in me-dial prefrontal cortex(mPFC)of model rats.Methods:Maternal separation with early weaning was used as a rat model of early-life neglect.The excitation of glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons in rat mPFC was recorded and analyzed by whole-cell patch clamp.Results:Glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons of mPFC were distinguished by typi-cal electrophysiological properties.The excitation of mPFC glutamatergic neurons was significantly increased in male groups,while the excitation of mPFC GABAergic neurons was significant in both female and male groups,but mainly in terms of rest membrane potential and amplitude,respectively.Conclusions:Glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons in medial prefrontal cortex showed different excitability changes in a rat model of early-life neglect,which can contribute to distinct mechanisms for emotional and cognitive manifestations. 展开更多
关键词 early-life neglect model GABAERGIC GLUTAMATERGIC maternal separation with early weaning medial prefrontal cortex neuronal excitability
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Synaptic development of layer V pyramidal neurons in the prenatal human prefrontal neocortex: a Neurolucida-aided Golgi study 被引量:2
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作者 Li-Xin He Lily Wan +3 位作者 Wei Xiang Jian-Ming Li An-Hua Pan Da-Hua Lu 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2020年第8期1490-1495,共6页
The prefrontal neocortex is involved in many high cognitive functions in humans.Deficits in neuronal and neurocircuitry development in this part of the cerebrum have been associated with various neuropsychiatric disor... The prefrontal neocortex is involved in many high cognitive functions in humans.Deficits in neuronal and neurocircuitry development in this part of the cerebrum have been associated with various neuropsychiatric disorders in adolescents and adults.There are currently little available data regarding prenatal dendrite and spine formation on projecting neurons in the human prefrontal neocortex.Previous studies have demonstrated that Golgi silver staining can identify neurons in the frontal lobe and visual cortex in human embryos.In the present study,five fetal brains,at 19,20,26,35,and 38 gestational weeks,were obtained via the body donation program at Xiangya School of Medicine,Central South University,China.Golgi-stained pyramidal neurons in layer V of Brodmann area 46 in fetuses were quantitatively analyzed using the Neurolucida morphometry system.Results revealed that somal size,total dendritic length,and branching points of these neurons increased from 26 to 38 gestational weeks.There was also a large increase in dendritic spines from 35 to 38 gestational weeks.These findings indicate that,in the human prefrontal neocortex,dendritic growth in layer V pyramidal neurons occurs rapidly during the third trimester of gestation.The use of human fetal brain tissue was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Xiangya School of Medicine,Central South University,China(approval No.2011-045)on April 5,2011. 展开更多
关键词 Golgi staining human brain banking NEURODEVELOPMENT Neurolucida neuropsychiatric disorders prefrontal cortex SYNAPTOGENESIS three-dimensional reconstruction
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Neurochemical metabolites in the medial prefrontal cortex in bipolar disorder A proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study 被引量:2
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作者 Osman zdel Demet Kalayci +3 位作者 Gülfizar Szeri-Varma Yilmaz Kiroglu Selim Tümkaya Tuge Toker-Ugurlu 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2012年第36期2929-2936,共8页
The aim of this study was to investigate proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy metabolite values in the medial prefrontal cortex of individuals with euthymic bipolar disorder. The subjects consisted of 15 patients wi... The aim of this study was to investigate proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy metabolite values in the medial prefrontal cortex of individuals with euthymic bipolar disorder. The subjects consisted of 15 patients with euthymic bipolar disorder type I and 15 healthy controls. We performed proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the bilateral medial prefrontal cortex and measured levels of N-acetyl aspartate, choline and creatine. Levels of these three metabolites in the medial prefrontal cortex were found to be lower in patients with bipolar disorder compared with healthy controls. A positive correlation was found between illness duration and choline levels in the right medial prefrontal cortex. Our study suggests that during the euthymic period, there are abnormalities in cellular energy and membrane phospholipid metabolism in the medial prefrontal cortex, and that this may impair neuronal activity and integrity. 展开更多
关键词 bipolar disorder proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy medial prefrontal cortex N-asetylaspartate CHOLINE CREATINE DEGRADATION mood disorder neurochemical metabolite illness duration neural regeneration
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Chronic stress causes protein kinase C epsilon-aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 signaling pathway perturbation in the rat hippocampus and prefrontal cortex,but not in the myocardium 被引量:4
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作者 Wen-Yuan Zhang Ke-Yi Wang +2 位作者 Yun-Jing Li Ying-Ran Li Rong-Zhi Lu 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2018年第7期1225-1230,共6页
Chronic stress is strongly associated with the occurrence and development of depression and cardiovascular disease.Stress can induce altered mitochondrial function and activation of apoptosis in the cardio-cerebral sy... Chronic stress is strongly associated with the occurrence and development of depression and cardiovascular disease.Stress can induce altered mitochondrial function and activation of apoptosis in the cardio-cerebral system.However,it is unknown whether the protein kinase C ε(PKCε)-aldehyde dehydrogenase 2(ALDH2) pathway is altered under chronic stress,and this study sought to address this question.A rat model of depression was established using a chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS) protocol.After experiencing CUMS for 4 weeks,the sucrose preference test and the forced swim test verified depressive-like behaviors.Enzyme linked immunosorbent assays showed that ALDH2 activity was decreased in the rat hippocampus and prefrontal cortex,but was not altered in the myocardium.Western blot assays demonstrated reduced levels of ALDH2 and PKCε,but increased levels of 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal(4 HNE) adducts.Caspase-3 expression did not obviously alter,but active forms of caspase-3 were increased in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex.In the myocardium,expression of ALDH2,PKCε and 4 HNE adducts did not remarkably alter;while caspase-3 expression was reduced and the active forms of caspase-3 were upregulated.Pearson's correlation test demonstrated that expression of 4 HNE adducts was positively correlated with levels of the active forms of caspase-3 in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex,but not in the myocardium.In conclusion,chronic stress can damage the PKCε-ALDH2 signaling pathway in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex,but not in the myocardium.Moreover,4 HNE is associated with active forms of caspase-3 in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. 展开更多
关键词 nerve regeneration stress depression protein kinase C ε aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal apoptosis hippocampus prefrontal cortex myocardium neural regeneration
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Effects of nitric oxide on the prefrontal cortex in stressed rats 被引量:1
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作者 Batoul Ebadi Mehdi Mehdizadeh +3 位作者 Arezoo Nahavandi Tabandeh Shariati Sara Soleimani Asl Hamdolah Delaviz 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2010年第14期1096-1099,共4页
BACKGROUND: Nitric oxide (NO) exhibits both protective and detrimental effects in the central nervous system. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of NO on the prefrontal cortex in neonatal stressed rats. DESIGN, ... BACKGROUND: Nitric oxide (NO) exhibits both protective and detrimental effects in the central nervous system. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of NO on the prefrontal cortex in neonatal stressed rats. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A randomized, controlled, animal study was performed at the Anatomical Department of Iran University of Medical Sciences from May 2007 to August 2008. MATERIALS; Forty-eight male, Wistar rats were obtained from Pasteur's Institute, Tehran, Iran. METHODS: Rat stress models were established by immobilization and randomly received intraperitoneal injection of 2 mL physiological saline, L-arginine (200 mg/kg) as a NO precursor, N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (20 mg/kg), or subcutaneous injection of 7-nitroindazole (25 mg/kg) as a NO synthase inhibitor. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: After the rats were treated for 4 weeks, the frontal cortex was harvested for histological observation and NO detection. RESULTS: Subcutaneous administration of N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester or 7-nitroindazole resulted in significantly lower prefrontal cortex thickness and NO production compared with subcutaneous administration of L-arginine (P 〈 0.05). Prefrontal cortex thickness significantly increased in rats following L-arginine treatment, compared with physiological saline intervention (P 〈 0.05). CONCLUSION: NO exhibited protective effects on the prefrontal cortex of stressed rats. 展开更多
关键词 nitric oxide prefrontal cortex thickness nerve cell STRESS RATS neural regeneration
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Altered functional connectivity of prefrontal cortex in chronic heroin abusers 被引量:1
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作者 Yinbao Qi Xianming Fu Ruobing Qian Chaoshi Niu Xiangpin Wei 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2011年第28期2193-2197,共5页
In this study, we investigated alterations in the resting-state functional connectivity of the prefrontal cortex in chronic heroin abusers using functional magnetic resonance imaging. We found that, compared with norm... In this study, we investigated alterations in the resting-state functional connectivity of the prefrontal cortex in chronic heroin abusers using functional magnetic resonance imaging. We found that, compared with normal controls, in heroin abusers the left prefrontal cortex showed decreased functional connectivity with the left hippocampus, right anterior cingulate, left middle frontal gyrus, right middle frontal gyrus and right precuneus. However, the right prefrontal cortex showed decreased functional connectivity with the left orbital frontal cortex and the left middle frontal gyrus in chronic heroin abusers. These alterations of resting-state functional connectivity in the prefrontal cortices of heroin abusers suggest that their frontal executive neural network may be impaired, and that this may contribute to their continued heroin abuse and relapse after withdrawal. 展开更多
关键词 heroin abuse resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging prefrontal cortex functional connectivity cognitive control
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Brain Activation in the Prefrontal Cortex during Motor and Cognitive Tasks in Adults 被引量:1
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作者 Ling-Yin Liang Patricia A. Shewokis Nancy Getchell 《Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science》 2016年第12期463-474,共12页
The prefrontal cortex (PFC) plays an important role in cognitive function, involved in Executive Functions (EFs) such as planning, working memory, and inhibition. Activation in the PFC also occurs during some motor ac... The prefrontal cortex (PFC) plays an important role in cognitive function, involved in Executive Functions (EFs) such as planning, working memory, and inhibition. Activation in the PFC also occurs during some motor activities. One commonly used tool to assess EF is the Tower of Hanoi, demonstrating sensitivity to PFC dysfunction. However, limited neuroimaging evidence is available to support the contribution of the PFC in the Tower of Hanoi task. In the current study, we use functional near infrared (fNIR) spectroscopy to examine hemodynamic responses associated with neural activity in the PFC in adults as they participate in the Tower of Hanoi task. We compared changes in cerebral oxygenation during resting, a motor task (tapping), and the Tower of Hanoi in 16 neurotypical adults, with measures of relative changes in concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin (Δoxy-Hb) and deoxygenated hemoglobin (Δdeoxy-Hb) taken throughout tasks, as well as total hemoglobin (ΔHbT) and oxygenation (Δoxy). Performance on the Tower of Hanoi was measured by the number of moves used to complete each level and the highest level of successful performance (3, 4, or 5 disks). We found a significant higher value of Δoxy-Hb and Δoxy in dorsolateral PFC (DLPFC) during the Tower of Hanoi as compared to tapping and resting. Significant changes in Δdeoxy-Hb and ΔHbT during the Tower of Hanoi were found in the right DLPFC only. These results support the notion that the Tower of Hanoi task requires higher levels of PFC activity than a similar motor task with low executive function demands. 展开更多
关键词 prefrontal cortex Functional Near Infrared (fNIR) Cognitive Task Tower of Hanoi
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Olanzapine Induces Inflammation and Immune Response via Activating ER Stress in the Rat Prefrontal Cortex 被引量:2
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作者 Wen-ting LI Xu-feng HUANG +4 位作者 Chao DENG Bao-hua ZHANG Kun QIAN Meng HE Tao-lei SUN 《Current Medical Science》 2021年第4期788-802,共15页
Objective Antipsychotics,in particular olanzapine,are first-line medications for schizophrenia.The prefrontal cortex(PFC)is an important region for antipsychotics’therapeutic effects.The PFC inflammatory and immune p... Objective Antipsychotics,in particular olanzapine,are first-line medications for schizophrenia.The prefrontal cortex(PFC)is an important region for antipsychotics’therapeutic effects.The PFC inflammatory and immune pathways are associated with schizophrenia pathogenesis.However,the effect of antipsychotics on the inflammatory and immune pathways in the PFC remains unclear.We aimed to examined the time-dependent effect of olanzapine on inflammatory and immune markers in the PFC of rats.Since the inflammatory and immune pathways are related to endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress,we further investigated whether or not olanzapine-induced inflammation and immune responses were related to ER stress.Methods Expression of pro-inflammatory markers including IkappaB kinaseβ(IKKβ),nuclear factor kappa B(NFκB),tumor necrosis factorα(TNF-α),interleukin-6(IL-6)and IL-1β,and immune-related proteins including inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS),toll-like receptor 2(TLR2)and cluster of differentiation 14(CD14)were examined by Western blotting.Results Olanzapine treatments for 1,8 and 36 days significantly activated the inflammatory IKKβ/NFκB signaling,and increased the expression of TNF-α,IL-6,IL-1βand immune-related proteins such as iNOS,TLR4 and CD14.Olanzapine treatment for 1 day,8 and 36 days also induced ER stress in the PFC.Co-treatment with an ER stress inhibitor,4-phenylbutyrate,inhibited olanzapine-induced inflammation and the immune response in the PFC.Conclusion These results suggested olanzapine exposure could be a factor that induces central inflammation and immunological abnormities in schizophrenia subjects.Olanzapine induces PFC inflammation and immune response,possibly via activating ER stress signaling. 展开更多
关键词 OLANZAPINE prefrontal cortex INFLAMMATION immune response endoplasmic reticulum stress
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Synchronous measurements of prefrontal activity and pulse rate variability during online video game playing with functional near-infrared spectroscopy 被引量:1
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作者 Xuzhe Zhang Kehong Long +2 位作者 Ningxin Wang Jin Zhang Hao Lei 《Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences》 SCIE EI CSCD 2023年第6期53-67,共15页
Interactions between the central nervous system(CNS)and autonomic nervous system(ANS)play a crucial role in modulating perception,cognition,and emotion production.Previous studies on CNS–ANS interactions,or heart–br... Interactions between the central nervous system(CNS)and autonomic nervous system(ANS)play a crucial role in modulating perception,cognition,and emotion production.Previous studies on CNS–ANS interactions,or heart–brain coupling,have often used heart rate variability(HRV)metrics derived from electrocardiography(ECG)recordings as empirical measurements of sympathetic and parasympathetic activities.Functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS)is a functional brain imaging modality that is increasingly used in brain and cognition studies.The fNIRS signals contain frequency bands representing both neural activity oscillations and heartbeat rhythms.Therefore,fNIRS data acquired in neuroimaging studies can potentially provide a single-modality approach to measure task-induced responses in the brain and ANS synchronously,allowing analysis of CNS–ANS interactions.In this proof-of-concept study,fNIRS was used to record hemodynamic changes from the foreheads of 20 university students as they each played a round of multiplayer online battle arena(MOBA)game.From the fNIRS recordings,neural and heartbeat frequency bands were extracted to assess prefrontal activities and shortterm pulse rate variability(PRV),an approximation for short-term HRV,respectively.Under the experimental conditions used,fNIRS-derived PRV metrics showed good correlations with ECG-derived HRV golden standards,in terms of absolute measurements and video game playing(VGP)-related changes.It was also observed that,similar to previous studies on physical activity and exercise,the PRV metrics closely related to parasympathetic activities recovered slower than the PRV indicators of sympathetic activities after VGP.It is concluded that it is feasible to use fNIRS to monitor concurrent brain and ANS activations during online VGP,facilitating the understanding of VGP-related heart–brain coupling. 展开更多
关键词 Heart rate variability pulse rate variability functional near-infrared spectroscopy video game prefrontal cortex heart–brain coupling
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Altered proteomic expression in the prefrontal cortex of morphine-addicted rats
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作者 Ye Yang Chunyan Zhang +3 位作者 Han Liu Bin Wang Haiying Lin Lisha Wu 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2011年第4期300-303,共4页
The prefrontal cortex is involved in the regulation and control of substance addiction-related cognitive, behavioral, and emotional changes. The present study identified prefrontal cortex protein profiles in morphine-... The prefrontal cortex is involved in the regulation and control of substance addiction-related cognitive, behavioral, and emotional changes. The present study identified prefrontal cortex protein profiles in morphine-addicted rats; these were subsequently compared with normal rats. Results showed 87 protein spots with differentially expressed levels in the morphine addiction group, with the majority located in meta acid zones at pH 4.2-6.8 and having a molecular weight of 30-110 kDa In addition, 2 protein spots were identified as being associated with neurotoxicity (Snap25 isoform β-Snap25 of synaptosomal-associated protein 25 and βactin). 展开更多
关键词 ADDICTION MORPHINE prefrontal cortex PROTEOME 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis
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ANAGRAM PROBLEM-SOLVING AND LEARNING IN ANTERIOR PREFRONTAL CORTEX
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作者 SHOKO NIOKA JOSEPH I.TRACY +2 位作者 SHANE RAINES SCOTT BUNCE BRITTON CHANCE 《Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences》 SCIE EI CAS 2008年第2期157-175,共19页
We utilized Near-Infrared(NIR)spectroscopy to closely investigate the activation change in anterior prefrontal cortex(aPFC)during verbal anagram problem-solving and learning.We used a parametric design of anagram-solv... We utilized Near-Infrared(NIR)spectroscopy to closely investigate the activation change in anterior prefrontal cortex(aPFC)during verbal anagram problem-solving and learning.We used a parametric design of anagram-solving with three difficulty levels and evaluated anagram skill with two sets of subjects and protocols.The first protocol was a one-time evaluation of untrained subjects(n=10)and the second protocol evaluated subjects over 6 weeks of training(n=6).The untrained subjects in the first protocol demonstrated blood oxygenation corresponding to neuronal activation in the aPFC in response to medium and hard difficulty levels of the stimuli,while the easy anagram task deoxygenated the aPFC bilaterally,corresponding to deactivation.Higher performers have more aPFC activation than lower performers in the medium difficulty level anagram-solving task.Six weeks of training in the second protocol showed that training reduced oxygenation in aPFC.In particular,subjects with lower baseline skill in anagram production showed a larger reduction in oxygenation where true performance gains occurred(medium difficulty)and smaller reduction where the performance gains were limited(hard anagrams).Association of the aPFC activation with the difficulty of the complex task suggests that aPFC is a part of a circuit for execution of task performance.In addition,more use of aPFC by untrained high performers suggests that the role of the aPFC is to increase efficiency of a problem-solving task.Thus,the NIR spectroscopy showed that the aPFC is a key structure in the circuit implementing the development of anagram skill. 展开更多
关键词 Anagram anterior prefrontal cortex HEMOGLOBIN NIR OXYGENATION training effects DIFFICULTY
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Neuronal degeneration in the hippocampus and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in depressive disorder Correlation between ~1H-MRS and Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory
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作者 Jun Xia Minjie Yang +1 位作者 Yi Lei Yicheng Zhou 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2010年第20期1587-1591,共5页
Previous studies using magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)and functional MRI to study depression have primarily focused on proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy(1H-MRS)appearance in various areas of the brain and vol... Previous studies using magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)and functional MRI to study depression have primarily focused on proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy(1H-MRS)appearance in various areas of the brain and volume measurements in the limbic system.However,results have not been consistent.To the best of our knowledge,very little is known about the relationship between 1H-MRS appearance and depression inventory.In the present study,the relationship between 1H-MRS appearance in depressive patients and Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 scale was analyzed.MRI and 1H-MRS exhibited widened sulci and cisterns,as well as an absence of abnormal signals in depressive patients.In addition,N-acetyl aspartate/total creatine ratios in bilateral hippocampi and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex were significantly less in depressive patients than in control subjects(P 〈 0.01).In contrast,choline-containing compounds/total creatine ratios in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex were significantly greater in depressive patients than in control subjects(P 〈 0.01).These ratios significantly and positively correlated with patient total depression scores as assessed using the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 scale(r=0.934 7,0.878 7,P 〈 0.01).These results suggested that 1H-MRS could be used to reveal a reduced number of neurons in the hippocampus and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex,as well as altered membrane phospholipid metabolism in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex,in patients with depressive disorder.Abnormal mechanisms partially reflected severity of depressive disorder. 展开更多
关键词 depressive disorder proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy HIPPOCAMPUS dorsolateral prefrontal cortex Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory
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Ritalin Dose Response Effect on Medial Prefrontal Cortex and on Animal Behavior
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作者 Cruz Reyes-Vasquez Corey J. Cannon Nachum Dafny 《Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science》 2016年第3期124-142,共19页
The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is involved in complex planning, learning, memory, attention and integrates sensory information. It was reported that the PFC was dysfunctional in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (... The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is involved in complex planning, learning, memory, attention and integrates sensory information. It was reported that the PFC was dysfunctional in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methylphenidate (MPD), a drug often prescribed for the treatment of ADHD, has potential for abuse and misuse. Most MPD studies were completed in adult subjects;however, most users were adolescents. The objective of this study was to investigate the acute and chronic dose response characteristics of MPD on PFC neuronal activity recorded in freely behaving adolescent rats. Four groups of animals were used: saline (control), 0.6, 2.5, and 10 mg/kg MPD. Acute MPD elicited a dose response increase in animals’ locomotor activity. Rechallenge with MPD at experimental day (ED10) when compared to the effect of MPD at ED1 showed no significant differences. When the animals were divided into two groups based on their individual responses to chronic MPD exposure, some animals expressed behavioral tolerance and some expressed behavioral sensitization. Electrophysiologically, a dose response characteristic for acute and chronic MPD exposure was observed. With increasing MPD doses, more PFC units responded by changing their firing rate. Moreover, the neuronal responses to chronic MPD recorded from animals expressing behavioral tolerance were significantly different compared to the neuronal population responses recorded from animals expressing behavioral sensitization. The majority of the PFC units recorded from animals expressing behavioral tolerance responded to MPD predominately by decreasing their firing rates, whereas PFC units recorded from behaviorally sensitized animals mainly showed an increase in their firing rates. 展开更多
关键词 ADOLESCENT prefrontal cortex (PFC) RITALIN Behavior NEURONAL Acute Chronic Psychostimulant
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