Pressure-Dependent Models in Ship Piping Systems

This paper aims to evaluate the feasibility of pressure-dependent models in the design of ship piping systems.For this purpose,a complex ship piping system is designed to operate in firefighting and bilge services through jet pumps.The system is solved as pressure-dependent model by the piping system analysis software EPANET and by a mathematical approach involving a piping network model.This results in a functional system that guarantees the recommendable ranges of hydraulic state variables(flow and pressure)and compliance with the rules of ship classification societies.Through this research,the suitability and viability of pressure-dependent models in the simulation of a ship piping system are proven.

On the helical pipe flow with a pressure-dependent viscosity

We address the flow of incompressible fluid with a pressure-dependent viscosity through a pipe with helical shape. The viscosity-pressure relation is defined by the Barus law. The thickness of the pipe and the helix step are assumed to be of the same order and considered as the small parameter. After transforming the starting problem, we compute the asymptotic solution using curvilinear coordinates and standard perturbation technique. The solution is provided in the explicit form clearly showing the influence of viscosity-pressure dependence and pipe＇s geometry on the effective flow.

基于轴向压力补偿的精密排线数学模型和运动控制算法研究

为解决电磁线圈绕制时易出现的嵌层、塌陷、堆积突起、排线不紧密和不规则等问题,通过分析绕线时层间匀速运动排线和端点折返排线原理,建立了基于轴向压力补偿的层间匀速运动和端点折返运动精密排线数学模型,开发了相应的S形曲线加减速运动控制算法,并将其应用于某型全自动数控绕线机。试验与应用结果表明,提出的精密排线数学模型和运动控制算法有效解决了数控绕线机电磁线圈精密绕制问题。

轴向间隙对对旋叶栅做功能力的影响

对某型号对旋轴流通风机进行试验研究,获得3种轴向间隙下风机的轴功率曲线。采用计算流体力学(CFD)的方法,对不同工况下风机内流场进行数值模拟研究,得到不同轴向间隙下的叶片表面压力系数增量曲线。根据试验和模拟结果,详细分析轴向间隙对叶片做功能力的影响。发现了轴向间隙对对旋叶栅做功能力的影响规律。为对旋风机设计提供有益参考。

Linear Stability Analysis on the Influences of the Spatial Variations in Thermal Conductivity and Expansivity on the Flow Patterns of Thermal Convection with Strongly Temperature-Dependent Viscosity

A series of linear stability analysis is carried out on the onset of thermal convection in the presence of spatial variations of viscosity, thermal conductivity and expansivity. We consider the temporal evolution of an infinitesimal perturbation superimposed to a static （motionless） and con- ductive state in a basally-heated planar layer. From the changes in flow patterns with increasing the amplitudes of temperature dependence of viscosity, we identified the transition into the ＂stagnant-lid＂ （ST） regime, where the convection occurs only beneath a thick and stagnant-lid of cold fluid at the top surface. Detailed analysis showed a significant increase of the aspect ratio of convection cells in ST regime induced by the spatial variations in thermal conductivity and/or expansivity： the horizon- tal length scale of ST convection can be enlarged by up to 50% with 10 times increase of thermal conductivity with depth. We further developed an analytical model of ST convection which success- fully reproduced the mechanism of increasing horizontal length scale of ST regime convection cells for given spatial variations in physical properties. Our findings may highlight the essential roles of the spatial variation of thermal conductivity on the convection patterns in the mantle.

Reduction kinetics of SrFeO_(3−δ)/CaO∙MnO nanocomposite as effective oxygen carrier for chemical looping partial oxidation of methane

Chemical looping reforming of methane is a novel and effective approach to convert methane to syngas,in which oxygen transfer is achieved by a redox material.Although lots of efforts have been made to develop high-performance redox materials,a few studies have focused on the redox kinetics.In this work,the kinetics of SrFeO_(3−δ)–CaO∙MnO nanocomposite reduction by methane was investigated both on a thermo-gravimetric analyzer and in a packed-bed microreactor.During the methane reduction,combustion occurs before the partial oxidation and there exists a transition between them.The weight loss due to combustion increases,but the transition region becomes less inconspicuous as the reduction temperature increased.The weight loss associated with the partial oxidation is much larger than that with combustion.The rate of weight loss related to the partial oxidation is well fitted by the Avrami–Erofeyev equation with n=3(A3 model)with an activation energy of 59.8 kJ∙mol^(‒1).The rate law for the partial oxidation includes a solid conversion term whose expression is given by the A3 model and a methane pressure-dependent term represented by a power law.The partial oxidation is half order with respect to methane pressure.The proposed rate law could well predict the reduction kinetics;thus,it may be used to design and/or analyze a chemical looping reforming reactor.