Evolution of Principal Contradiction Facing Chinese Society and the CPC Leadership over Economic Work

Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949,the Communist Party of China(CPC)has separated China’s evolving principal social contradictions into four different stages.Based on the assessment of principal social contradictions at different points in time,the CPC enacted different economic policies.During 1949-1956,based on the recognition of class struggle as China’s principal social contradiction,the Party focused its economic policies on socialist transformation and established the foundation for the public sector of the economy.During 1956-1978,amid flip-flops in the Party’s assessment of whether class struggle or backward productive forces were the principal contradiction,China’s economic development suffered some setbacks,but the vision for building an industrial country remained unchanged,and resources were focused on developing major national industrial projects.During 1978-2019,the Party focused on economic development and reform and opening up in pursuit of the realization of grand economic development goals based on the assessment that China’s principal social contradiction was between people’s ever-growing material and cultural needs and China’s relatively backward social productive forces.In 2017,the 19th CPC National Congress made the important political assessment that China’s principal social contradiction had transformed into the contradiction between people’s ever-growing need for a better life and China’s unbalanced and inadequate development,and proposed new development concepts to lead the Chinese people on a new journey towards the second centennial goal.The most important experience of the CPC’s economic work is analyzing and solving problems based on Marxist ideology and methodology.

Principal Leadership Constructs School-based- curriculum and Shapes School Culture for Teaching and Learning: Rooting on Core Competence

Rooting on the context of accelerating and rapid societal change and global competence trend,this study explored the meaning of core competence,roles of schooling for cultivating students to be holistic person and strategies for shaping competence-oriented school campus culture.The related literature this study reviewed include the meaning of core competence,curriculum program and teaching design for oriented competence in schools,strategies to shape school culture for teaching and learning of oriented competence,and integrated comment.In order to achieve the research purposes,this study adopted the interview and document analysis to collect data.According to the literature review,interview,document analysis,result and discussion,this study proposed conclusions in the following directions:1)The meaning of core competence;2)The main point of global competence;3)School is a learning organization and learning base within competence oriented school campus;4)Principals play the roles of vision leadership,instructional leadership and curriculum leadership;5)Teachers play the roles for shaping competence oriented school campus culture;6)The strategies of shaping competence oriented school campus culture;7)The process and related factors of constructing school-based curriculum.Finally,researchers proposed reflection for this study.

Resolving the“Matteo Ricci Puzzle”:Top-Level Design of the Grand Canal of China Based on the Ternary Leadership Theory

Guided by the ternary leadership theory from the perspective of social psychology,this paper explores the impacts of authoritarian,benevolent,and moral leadership on the top design of the Grand Canal of China in terms of its water management practice,while providing reference for resolving the“Matteo Ricci Puzzle”.The research findings are threefold:first,authoritarian as it is,the central government of China formulates relevant laws and regulations to provide legal system insurance for the construction of the Grand Canal Cultural Belt,thus providing the blueprint for constructing the“bright cultural belt,green ecological belt and colorful tourism belt of the Grand Canal”.Second,led by the Central Government,sticking to benevolent and moral leadership,China advocates scientific water management concepts and methods,and gives long-term and comprehensive care to the well-being of the people along the banks of the Grand Canal.Finally,the top-level design of the Grand Canal of China is based on the ternary leadership theory rooted in social psychology and has formulated a set of properly-scheduled,reasonably-coordinated,and flexibly-operated management system for the fundamental interests of the people and long-term goals of the country.

An Analysis of the Development of Middle Leaders in Chinese Secondary Schools:The Role of the Principal

Numerous studies conducted on educational leadership have generally emphasized the role of principal,whereas,research on middle leadership remains limited[1].The purpose of this paper is to explore and investigate the development of middle leadership and seeks to fill in the gap by providing the analysis from a Chinese context.The author found that middle leaders are positioning at a challenging role,in which they are required to take charge of responsibilities of both a leader and a teacher,and in the meantime,they also need to negotiate between the senior leader,the colleagues.and subordinates.Furthermore,personal factors such as self-awareness and resilience are discovered to be pivotal for middle-leadership development.Apart from that,the principal plays a critical role in establishing collaborative school culture that facilitates the development of middle leaders based on the influences from the school’s history,culture,and policies.

The principal moments of inertia calculated with the hydrostatic equilibrium figure of the Earth

As an indication of the Earth＇s mass distribution, the principal moments of inertia （PMOI, i.e., A, B, C） of the Earth are the basic parameters in studies of the global dynamics of the earth, like earth nutation, and the geophysics. From the aspect of observation, the PMOI can be calculated from the spherical coefficients of observed gravity field. In this paper, the PMOI are calculated directly according to its definition with the figures of the Earth＇s interior derived by a generalized theory of the hydrostatic equilibrium figure of the Earth. We obtain that the angle between the principal axis of the maximum moment of PMOI and the rotational axis is 0.184~, which means that the other two principal axes are very closely in the equatorial plane. Meanwhile, B-A is 1.60 x 10-5 MR2, and the global dynamical flattening （H） is calculated to be 3.29587 ~ 10-3, which is 0.67% different from the latest observation derived value Hobs（3.273795 × 10 ^-3） （Petit and Luzum, 2010）, and this is a significant improvement from the 1.1% difference between the value of H derived from traditional theories of the figure of the Earth and the value of Hobs. It shows that we can calculate the PMOI and H with an appropriate accuracy by a gener- alized theory of the hydrostatic equilibrium figure of the Earth.

The Impact of Spiritual Leadership on Employee’s Work Engagement--A Study Based on the Mediating Effect of Goal Self-Concordance and Self-Efficacy

The average stress of people in China’s workplace is reaching the peak in recent two years.To improve employee’s positive psychological factors,Spiritual leadership has a good performance in this regard.Based on the mediating effect of goal self-concordance and self-efficacy,this paper further studies the impact of spiritual leadership on employee’s work engagement.Through the empirical study,the following conclusions are drawn:(1)Spiritual leadership significantly positively affects the employee’s work engagement.(2)Spiritual leadership has a significant positive effect on goal self-concordance and self-efficacy.(3)Goal self-concordance and self-efficacy have significant positive effects on employee’s work engagement.(4)Goal self-concordance and self-efficacy play a partial mediating role in the process of spiritual leadership’s impact on employees’work engagement.This study found the new mediator which partly revealed the mechanism between the effectiveness of Spiritual Leadership and employee’s work engagement.This study may serve as one of the researches for improving the effectiveness of leaders in organizations and promoting the motivation of employees in the workplace.

Effective Education in a College in Bangladesh: From Managerial to Transformational Leadership

This paper is a study on the compulsion of transformational leadership from the part of the principal of this era when the demography of the students are changing exponentially, when the globe is experiencing massive changes in methods and techniques in educational process but the institutions remain the same as its ethics and operational strategies. The time is eloping when an educational head earns praises due to their prominence and performance in managerial functioning. But this paper tends to focus on several persisting challenges in these educational institutions like huge gap between teacher-student ratio, students’ increasing technological oriented learning, teachers’ lack of knowledge of multimedia class operation, girls’ little rate of enrolment in higher level of education, early marriage of school going girls and ensuring quality education to girls as per the demand of SDG 4 by 2030. This paper fosters the idea that a transformational head of the institution can be successful in this chase of challenges as he involves everyone to activities in order to reach goal. He works with the other members as a team member and thus a challenge of an institution turns to be liability to all.

Culture and Leadership in the 21 st Century

Some factors that have contributed to the need for organizational leaders to adapt, and adjust to other national cultures are the globalization of the workforce, the expansion of international companies, and exposure of many national organizations to increased business competition. The increased competition has forced organizational leaders to engage in the understanding of the cultural limitations of organizations and their leadership practices. In addition, cross-cultural leadership researchers in 21st century are cognizant of the fact that culture is a condition, and a boundary to previous leadership theories and practices. Using Gerte Hofstede＇s cultural dimension model, culture and organizational leadership as they relate to the leadership practices of participants, and National and Family Cultures are examined in this revised paper.

A Research on the Relationship of Charismatic Leadership Behaviors of Agricultural Cooperative Managers With Cooperative Shareholders＇ Performance and Satisfaction

In this study, the cooperative shareholders＇ performance and satisfaction were investigated as antecedent. Charismatic leadership of cooperative managers has been identified as antecedent. In addition, shareholders＇ age, education, land size, and duration of membership in the cooperative were investigated to have effect on the shareholder＇s performance and satisfaction. Charismatic leadership of cooperative managers is the subject of research on the effects of performance and satisfaction of the cooperative shareholders. A field survey was conducted. This study has been applied to Cukobirlik, an agricultural sale cooperative in East Mediterranean of Turkey. The researchers collected data by random questionnaire method. The research data were collected from 155 cooperative shareholders. For the data, exploratory factor, correlation, and regression were analyzed. The results of this analysis show that there is a meaningful relationship between charismatic leaders and the performance and satisfaction of shareholders for these cooperatives. Another result, there is significant relation between land size of cooperative shareholders and the performance and satisfaction of cooperative shareholders.

Shear wave splitting analysis of local earthquakes from dense arrays in Shimian,Sichuan

The Shimian area of Sichuan sits at the junction of the Bayan Har block.Sichuan-Yunnan rhombic block,and Yangtze block,where several faults intersect.This region features intense tectonic activity and frequent earthquakes.In this study,we used local seismic waveform data recorded using dense arrays deployed in the Shimian area to obtain the shear wave splitting parameters at 55 seismic stations and thereby determine the crustal anisotropic characteristics of the region.We then analyzed the crustal stress pattern and tectonic setting and explored their relationship in the study area.Although some stations returned a polarization direction of NNW-SSE.a dominant polarization direction of NW-SE was obtained for the fast shear wave at most seismic stations in the study area.The polarization directions of the fast shear wave were highly consistent throughout the study-area.This orientation was in accordance with the direction of the regional principal compressive stress and parallel to the trend of the Xianshuihe and Daliangshan faults.The distribution of crustal anisotropy in this area was affected by the regional tectonic stress field and the fault structures.The mean delay time between fast and slow shear waves was 3.83 ms/km.slightly greater than the values obtained in other regions of Sichuan.This indicates that the crustal media in our study area had a high anisotropic strength and also reveals the influence of tectonic complexity resulting from the intersection of multiple faults on the strength of seismic anisotropy.

The Communist Party of China Has Always Been the Firm Core of Leadership for China's Human Rights Development and Progress

Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China,the human rights cause in China has developed and progressed through the period of democratic revolution,the early founding of the People’s Republic of China,the new period of reform and openingup,and the new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics.all previous national Congresses of the Communist Party of China have made illustrations and arrangements on human rights issues,and the successive Party leaders have made important expositions on human rights issues.The Party and the state have enacted a series of policies,laws,and regulations to protect human rights in various periods.China has made historic and great achievements in human rights practice and created a human rights development path suited to China’s national conditions.China’s human rights development over the past century has fully proved that the CPC has always been,and it remains,the firm core of leadership for China’s human rights development and progress.

The CPC as the Core of Leadership Guiding the Development of China’s Human Rights Cause

Full enjoyment of human rights, a lofty ideal pursued by the human race for a long time, is what the people of contemporary China have spared no ef- forts to attain. The Chinese people were virtually denied human fights when the ＂three large mountains＂-- imperialism, feudalism and the bureaucratic bour- geoisie - oppressed them. To achieve national liberation, independence, de- mocracy, freedom and human fights, the unyielding Chinese people fought protracted struggles for which they made huge sacrifices.

校长领导力研究热点及前沿趋势——基于CiteSpace知识图谱分析

“校长领导力”是衡量学校发展水平的重要指标,是促进学校变革的强大动力之一。在教育高质量发展的新要求下,提升校长的领导力有重要现实意义。本研究以“校长领导力”为主题词,在中国知网(CNKI)检索2004—2022年间关于“校长领导力”的核心期刊并进行可视化图谱分析。研究发现:围绕校长领导力的研究具有较强持续性,发文量先增后降;研究力量较为分散,尚未形成较大规模的核心团队;国内研究主要围绕以下三个方面展开,即概念界定、分析维度、主体角色。通过分析校长领导力研究的热点与前沿,本研究提出以下建议:未来研究应着力构建中国特色校长领导力话语体系,加强县域校长领导力研究,探寻高质量教育体系下校长领导力提升策略。

校长领导力策略影响家长参与学校治理——以M市S校为例

现代学校办学呼唤多元主体共治。然而,以“校长领导力;家长参与”的组合关键词搜索CNKI中国期刊全文数据库,可检索出的相关文献近30年只有5篇。文章基于个案访谈数据分析,试图探知校长如何运用领导力策略影响家长参与学校治理。研究发现,校长娴熟应用不同策略,与家长保持畅通互动:一是以名声与魅力感召家长,二是建立文化纽带,三是规范家长参与机制和边界,四是反复沟通。此外,家长在参与过程中对于孩子获取良好学业成绩的优先考量,影响着校长的领导行为。校长必须在愿景和学业成就方面考虑多元而相互冲突的期望,进行思考鉴别,从而列出一个优先发展的顺序,保障实现办学目标。

幼儿园园长领导力城乡差异及影响因素分析

园长领导力是决定一所幼儿园保教质量的关键因素。本研究利用文献分析法和德尔菲法构建了由学校文化领导力、人力资源领导力、保育教育领导力和行政管理领导力四个维度组成的园长领导力指标体系,并根据该指标体系设计了幼儿园园长领导力调查问卷。在使用SPSS 26.0对2 177份有效样本进行分析后,结果表明:我国幼儿园园长自我感知的领导力总体水平较高,但是领导力各个维度发展不均衡,城乡之间以及不同园长个体的领导力差异较大。城乡幼儿园园长总体领导力以及领导力各维度和各指标上均呈现出统计学上的差异,城镇幼儿园园长领导力水平显著高于农村园长。职务、年龄、教龄、职称,任职幼儿园的性质、等级、所在位置、规模,以及园长年培训次数均能预测园长的领导力水平。基于研究结果,本研究提出城乡园长领导力的改进对策:盯紧“关键少数”,为城乡园长的职业发展提供支持性环境;加强城乡互动,构建城乡园长领导能力发展共同体;充分发挥园长主观能动作用,全面提升自身领导能力。

“一所看得见未来的儿童大学”:教授校长治校理念的创生与探索

为发挥大学服务基础教育均衡发展的作用,2021年,上海师范大学委派笔者担任上海师范大学附属第五实验学校的创校校长。基于多年的基础教育研究和管理经验,笔者确立了“一所看得见未来的儿童大学”的办学理念,以及“为未来而教,为未来而学”的教学目标,树立儿童主体性地位,培养服务儿童未来发展的教师,开发服务儿童未来生活的课程,旨在培养与未来同行的大格局、宽视野、优表达、精实践、强创造的儿童。

公办中学党组织领导的校长负责制的历史、价值与路向

《关于建立中小学校党组织领导的校长负责制的意见(试行)》中提出的“建立中小学党组织领导的校长负责制”,标志着党对教育制度和教育治理体系的认识提高到新的高度。中小学校党组织领导的校长负责制的形成历经了奠基、探索、形成、完善四个历史发展阶段,是在实践探索中逐步趋于完善的学校治理制度。它同培养社会主义建设者和接班人的目标同向、与落实立德树人的根本任务同频、与推进教育治理体系和治理能力现代化的实践同行。着眼于强国建设,基础教育何为的时代性命题、从全方位、多维度的路径来打通公办中学党组织领导的校长负责制落地、落实、落细的“最后一公里”。

帮助信息网络犯罪活动罪的司法误区与理论校正

帮助信息网络犯罪活动罪案件数量急速增长的背后,存在司法适用的若干误区。本罪立法已包含刑法干预早期化的思想,其司法适用不宜再过度强调预防性特征,应在绝对的共犯独立性和严格的共犯从属性之间寻找第三条道路,即正犯行为相对宽松的事实性制约。本罪被帮助行为和帮助行为的罪量要求,都在司法适用中被过度放低。被帮助行为的罪量要求只有在一对多共犯参与模式中才能例外性地放宽,帮助行为的罪量认定则应牢牢把握不法关联性,审慎对待银行卡流水金额这样的泛化标准。应当对本罪主观明知进行限制解释,适当收缩推定规则的适用,防止责任主义原则的弱化。本罪的司法认定应在积极治理网络犯罪和宽严相济刑事政策之间取得平衡。