Obstacles to the Integrated Care of Children Aged 6 to 59 Months Suffering from Acute and Severe Malnutrition at the Chu-Me and HATC of N’Djamena/Chad

Introduction: the problem of Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) and its consequences concern and challenge all social actors worldwide. The objective of the study was to identify the real obstacles that actors face in the integrated management of children aged 6 - 59 months suffering from SAM at the University Hospital of Mother and Child (CHUME) and the Chad-China Friendship Hospital (HATC) of N’Djamena. Methodology: this is a cross-sectional descriptive and interpretative study conducted from January to October 2023 at the CHUME and HATC of N’Djamena. It is based on questionnaires and direct observation of two hundred and thirty-six (236) parents or guardians of malnourished children admitted to these health facilities. All 236 agreed to participate freely in this study. Results: it appears from this study that the obstacles to the integrated management of malnourished children were: poor care-care relationship (26.7%) permanent product breaks (22.9%), the direct costs of services ranged from 30,000 to 60,000 FCFA (41.53%), drugs used for the treatment of patients came from the street (66.10%), malaria and anemia occupy an important place (27.5%), 57.2% respondents had monthly income below 60,000 CFAF. Conclusion: the present study carried out has identified the real bottlenecks to the integrated management of children suffering from SAM in the therapeutic nutritional units of the city of N’Djamena. .

Secrecy Outage Probability for Two-Way Integrated Satellite Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Relay Networks with Hardware Impairments

In this paper,we investigate the secrecy outage performance for the two-way integrated satellite unmanned aerial vehicle relay networks with hardware impairments.Particularly,the closed-form expression for the secrecy outage probability is obtained.Moreover,to get more information on the secrecy outage probability in a high signalto-noise regime,the asymptotic analysis along with the secrecy diversity order and secrecy coding gain for the secrecy outage probability are also further obtained,which presents a fast method to evaluate the impact of system parameters and hardware impairments on the considered network.Finally,Monte Carlo simulation results are provided to show the efficiency of the theoretical analysis.

Analytical Evaluation of Non-Elementary Integrals Involving Some Exponential, Hyperbolic and Trigonometric Elementary Functions and Derivation of New Probability Measures Generalizing the Gamma-Type and Gaussian-Type Distributions

The non-elementary integrals involving elementary exponential, hyperbolic and trigonometric functions, and where α,η and β are real or complex constants are evaluated in terms of the confluent hypergeometric function 1F1 and the hypergeometric function 1F2. The hyperbolic and Euler identities are used to derive some identities involving exponential, hyperbolic, trigonometric functions and the hypergeometric functions 1F1 and 1F2. Having evaluated, these non-elementary integrals, some new probability measures generalizing the gamma-type and Gaussian distributions are also obtained. The obtained generalized probability distributions may, for example, allow to perform better statistical tests than those already known (e.g. chi-square (x2) statistical tests and other statistical tests constructed based on the central limit theorem (CLT)), while avoiding the use of computational approximations (or methods) which are in general expensive and associated with numerical errors.

SVM model for estimating the parameters of the probability-integral method of predicting mining subsidence

A new mathematical model to estimate the parameters of the probability-integral method for mining subsidence prediction is proposed.Based on least squares support vector machine(LS-SVM) theory, it is capable of improving the precision and reliability of mining subsidence prediction.Many of the geological and mining factors involved are related in a nonlinear way.The new model is based on statistical theory(SLT) and empirical risk minimization(ERM) principles.Typical data collected from observation stations were used for the learning and training samples.The calculated results from the LS-SVM model were compared with the prediction results of a back propagation neural network(BPNN) model.The results show that the parameters were more precisely predicted by the LS-SVM model than by the BPNN model.The LS-SVM model was faster in computation and had better generalized performance.It provides a highly effective method for calculating the predicting parameters of the probability-integral method.

概率积分integral from n=(-∞) to (+∞)(1/(2π)～(1/2)·e^(x^2/2))dx=1的多种证明

利用变量代换、微分中值定理、概率性质等方法 。

基于直接概率积分法的列车-轨道-桥梁系统随机分析

由于施工和制造误差使得铁路工程结构参数不可避免地具有不确定性,同时作为系统主要自激励的轨道不平顺亦具有明显的随机性和时变性,因此,探明不确定因子对列车和轨道-桥梁结构动态性能的影响非常重要。为了高效地完成列车-轨道-桥梁系统随机性能分析,建立列车-轨道-桥梁空间振动分析模型,采用轨道不平顺概率模型和谱表达-随机函数的方式在有限随机变量空间中实现轨道不平顺随机过程的高效模拟。引入概率密度积分方程和直接概率积分法发展了列车-轨道-桥梁系统随机动力方程和相应的计算求解策略。基于MATLAB实现了列车-轨道-桥梁随机振动的直接概率积分法分析程序,计算了全概率不平顺激励和参数随机条件下车-轨-桥系统振动响应的均值、标准差和时变的概率密度信息。研究结果表明:与概率密度演化分析方法相比,直接概率积分法可较好地反映行车过程中系统响应的概率密度特征,然而其在系统响应随机后处理时更为高效,其效率可提高1~2个数量级。此外,考虑轨道不平顺全概率激励更能准确地反映行车过程系统响应的概率特征,平均概率谱可能使得计算结果偏于保守;行车速度对于列车和桥梁动态行为的影响是显著的,随着行车速度的增加系统响应的范围逐渐变大。研究结果进一步拓展了列车-轨道-桥梁随机系统的分析方法,可以高效地用于系统状态评估和设计优化。

Application of probability integral method in ground deformation prediction

In order to study the law of mining subsidence and ground movement, to provide the basis of coal mining under building, railway and water, we used the probability integration method to make comprehensive evaluation of ground stability. Take Yingcheng Coal Mine of Jiutai as an example. Mining-induced movement and horizontal movement are analyzed on the basis of the measurement data. The results of prediction can provide reference and basis for prevention of coal mining subsidence and future restoration and treatment.

A Class of Singular Integral Equation of Convolution Type with CSC（τ- θ） Kernel

In this paper, we propose and discuss a class of singular integral equation of convolution type with csc(τ- θ) kernel in class L2[-π, π]. Using discrete Fourier transform and the lemma, this kind of equations is transformed to discrete system of equations, and then we obtain the solvable conditions and the explicit solutions in class L2[-π, π].

基于SBAS-InSAR技术的矿区开采损害鉴定研究

为了实现矿区开采沉陷损害的高效可靠鉴定,以山西东坡煤矿开采井田为研究对象,利用合成孔径雷达干涉测量(InSAR)技术监测分析了该区域矿区开采所引起的地表形变,同时基于概率积分模型预计了该矿区开采移动变形情况,随后利用边界角确定了开采边界,结合实地调查最终确定该井田开采是否会对矿区附近某村庄产生损害影响。结果表明:分析矿区在2007年1月至2019年4月期间InSAR形变监测结果以及预计的地表移动变形发现,该村庄始终处于由边界角确定的开采损害边界以外,同时结合实地调查发现建构筑物未有采动损害迹象。

Study of probability integration method parameter inversion by the genetic algorithm

In order to obtain accurate probability integration method(PIM) parameters for surface movement of multi-panel mining, a genetic algorithm(GA) was used to optimize the parameters. As the measured surface movement is affected by more than one mining panel, traditional PIM parameter inversion model is difficult to ensure the reliability of the results due to the complexity of rock movement. With crossover,mutation and selection operators, GA can perform a global optimization search and has high computation efficiency. Compared with the pattern search algorithm, the fitness function can avoid falling into local minima traps. GA reduces the risk of local minima traps which improves the accuracy and reliability with the mutation mechanism. Application at Xuehu colliery shows that GA can be used to inverse the PIM parameters for multi-panel surface movement observation, and reliable results can be obtained. The research provides a new way for back-analysis of PIM parameters for mining subsidence under complex conditions.

Path integral solution of vibratory energy harvesting systems

A transition Fokker-Planck-Kolmogorov(FPK) equation describes the procedure of the probability density evolution whereby the dynamic response and reliability evaluation of mechanical systems could be carried out. The transition FPK equation of vibratory energy harvesting systems is a four-dimensional nonlinear partial differential equation. Therefore, it is often very challenging to obtain an exact probability density. This paper aims to investigate the stochastic response of vibration energy harvesters(VEHs)under the Gaussian white noise excitation. The numerical path integration method is applied to different types of nonlinear VEHs. The probability density function(PDF)from the transition FPK equation of energy harvesting systems is calculated using the path integration method. The path integration process is introduced by using the GaussLegendre integration scheme, and the short-time transition PDF is formulated with the short-time Gaussian approximation. The stationary probability densities of the transition FPK equation for vibratory energy harvesters are determined. The procedure is applied to three different types of nonlinear VEHs under Gaussian white excitations. The approximately numerical outcomes are qualitatively and quantitatively supported by the Monte Carlo simulation(MCS).

A 330-500 GHz Zero-Biased Broadband Tripler Based on Terahertz Monolithic Integrated Circuits

A 330-500 GHz zero-biased broadband monolithic integrated tripler is reported. The measured results show that the maximum efficiency and the maximum output power are 2% and 194μW at 348 GHz. The saturation characteristic test shows that the output i dB compression point is about -8.5 dBm at 334 GHz and the maximum efficiency is obtained at the point, which is slightly below the 1 dB compression point. Compared with the conventional hybrid integrated circuit, a major advantage of the monolithic integrated circuit is the significant improvement of reliability and consistency. In this work, a terahertz monolithic frequency multiplier at this band is designed and fabricated.

融合DS-InSAR与PIM的煤矿开采影响范围确定方法

针对传统开采损害鉴定中缺乏实测数据,仅靠预计结果划定开采影响边界位置存在争议的问题,提出了一种融合分布式目标In SAR(DS-InSAR)和概率积分法(PIM)的开采损害鉴定方法,该方法利用快速同质点选取、特征值分解、分时段累加等方法提取研究区长时序地表形变信息,对概率积分法预计边界进行验证和修正。以153景Sentinel-1A影像为数据源,获取了研究区2016年7月至2021年10月期间的地表沉降信息,结合概率积分法,划定了开采影响范围。结果表明:村庄内最大下沉值约为576 mm,煤矿3个工作面的开采对村庄影响较大,开采影响边界位于村庄南部。融合DS-InSAR和PIM的方法划定开采影响边界得到了矿村双方共同认可,为开采损害鉴定提供了新的参考。

An advanced Ⅲ-Ⅴ-on-silicon photonic integration platform

In many application scenarios,silicon(Si)photonics favors the integration of Ⅲ-Ⅴ gain material onto Si substrate to real-ize the on-chip light source.In addition to the current popular integration approaches of Ⅲ-Ⅴ-on-Si wafer bonding or dir-ect heteroepitaxial growth,a newly emerged promising solution of epitaxial regrowth on bonded substrate has attracted a lot of interests.High-quality Ⅲ-Ⅴ material realization and successful laser demonstrations show its great potential to be a promising integration platform for low-cost,high-integration density and highly scalable active-passive photonic integra-tion on Si.This paper reviews recent research work on this regrowth on bonded template platform including template de-velopments,regrown material characterizations and laser demonstrations.The potential advantages,opportunities and challenges of this approach are discussed.

Integration and verification case of IP-core based system on chip design

In this paper, the design and verification process of an automobile-engine-fan control system on chip （SoC） are introduced. The SoC system, SHU-MV08, reuses four new intellectual property （IP） cores and the design flow is accomplished with 0.35 btm chartered CMOS technology. Some special functions of IP cores, the detailed integration scheme of four IP cores, and the verification method of the entire SoC are presented. To settle the verification problems brought by analog IP cores, NanoSim based chip-level mixed-signal verification method is introduced. The verification time is greatly reduced and the first tape-out achieves success which proves the validity of our design.

Fire Distribution of Integrated Missile-gun Air Defense System Based on Earlier Damage Criterion

The fire distribution can be divided into weapon assignment and firing time scheduling. The criterion of weapon allocation is that a target with greater threat has higher priority. And the criterion of firing time scheduling is that a target can be damaged with the expected probability before a specific time. A fire distribution scheme and a program for the integrated missile-gun air defense system based on a criterion of earlier damage were presented. An example was taken to illustrate its effectiveness.

Application of vertically integrated sampling approach to study of new production via ^(234)Th -^(238)U disequilibria

The spatial and temporal distributions of new production vary largely in different sea areas. To understand the level of new production in the sea area studied better, an estimate of new production must be obtained in large spatial and temporal scales. The ~234Th/ ~238U disequilibrium is an effective method for the study of new production. Two sampling strategies, vertically integrated sampling ap proach based on trapezoidal integration principle and discrete layer sampling approach, were compared in the studies of the xiamen Bay and the northern South China Sea. The scavenging fluxes and removal fluxes of ~234Th and the residence times for dissolved and particulate ~234Th were calculated. The coinci dent results from two Sampling approach suggest that vertically integrated sampling approach is not only effective and reliable, but also significantly reduces the number and volume of samples. It allows us to study new production by ba ^(234)Th - ^(238)U disequilibria in large spatial scale.

Fuzzification of Feynman Path Integral and Its Effect on Field Theory and Quantum Gravity—Reformation and Redevelopment of Quantum Theory

The quantum probability theory of fuzzy event is suggested by using the idea and method of fuzzy mathematics, giving the form of fuzzy event path integral, membership degree amplitude, fuzzy field function, Green function, physical quantity and fuzzy diagram. This theory reforms quantum mechanics, making the later become its special case. This theory breaks unitarity, gauge invariance, probability conservation and information conservation, making these principles become approximate ones under certain conditions. This new theory, which needs no renormalization and can naturally give meaningful results which are in accordance with the experiments, is the proper theory to describe microscopic high-speed phenomenon, whereas quantum mechanics is only a proper theory to describe microscopic low-speed phenomenon. This theory is not divergent under the condition of there being no renormalization and infinitely many offsetting terms, thereby it can become the theoretical framework required for the quantization of gravity.

A new integration algorithm for finite deformation of thermo-elasto-viscoplastic single crystals

An algorithm for integrating the constitutive equations in thermal framework is presented, in which the plastic deformation gradient is chosen as the integration variable. Compared with the classic algorithm, a key feature of this new approach is that it can describe the finite deformation of crystals under thermal conditions. The obtained plastic deformation gradient contains not only plastic defor- mation but also thermal effects. The governing equation for the plastic deformation gradient is obtained based on ther- mal multiplicative decomposition of the total deformation gradient. An implicit method is used to integrate this evo- lution equation to ensure stability. Single crystal 1 100 aluminum is investigated to demonstrate practical applications of the model. The effects of anisotropic properties, time step, strain rate and temperature are calculated using this integration model.