Progress and Problems of Development Research and Application of Sand Barriers

Due to the restrictions on the conditions for afforestation and sand control,the development research,and application of sand barriers have accelerated in recent years,but some problems that cannot be ignored have emerged in practice. In this paper,the functions of wind prevention,sand blocking and fixation,improving soil physical and chemical properties and increasing plant diversity of sand barriers,accretion coefficient and capacity between sand barriers,and mobile sand barriers were analyzed firstly,and then several issues that should be noted in the development and application of sand barriers were proposed. The results show that sand barriers can fix sand on the spot and maintain the stability of sand surface. As an auxiliary measure before afforestation on a mobile sand surface,they are practical and feasible. The biggest drawback of sand barriers is that they are easy to be saturated. Although they can increase plant diversity and surface roughness,they lose the function of blocking sand flow after being saturated,and their function of in-situ sand fixation also rapidly decreases with the degradation of sand barriers. Mobile sand barriers overcome the disadvantage of sand barriers being easy to be saturated to some extent,but the cost greatly increases. In terms of desertification prevention and control by plants,plants are used as sand barriers to study their functions of sand blocking and sand fixation in many researches and practices,but the more important ecological functions of adjusting temperature on sand surface and achieving surface thermodynamic equilibrium of plants are ignored.

The Research Status and Major Problems of High Temperature and High Pressure Experiment on Petrogenesis and mineralization

1 Introduction In contrast,1experimental geochemistry is a young subject,but in recent years,the research on experiment of high temperature and high pressure has become an important branch in the parallel subjects of traditional mineralogy,petrology,geochemistry and geophysics.It is not only an important and essential way and window to understand geological processes in depth and geological

Brain Research on Mental Disorders: A Criticism

Objective: To expose the problems and inherent limitations of neuroscience-based brain research on mental disorders. Method: Discussion of the theory underlying brain research on mental disorders, followed by a systematic evaluation of typical studies. Results: The fundamental problem is that brain researchers fail to differentiate between biological mental disorders in which brain processes cause the disorder (notably schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and melancholic depression) and learned mental disorders in which brain processes mediate but do not cause the disorder (which is the case with reactive depression, reactive anxiety, OCD, and PTSD). Researchers have been unsuccessful in identifying mechanisms in the brain that cause biological mental disorders, and will never be able to locate the innumerable specific neural connections that mediate learned mental disorders. Moreover, the author’s review of typical studies in this field shows that they have serious problems with theory, measurement, and data analysis, and that their findings cannot be trusted. Conclusions: Neuroscience-based brain research on mental disorders, unlike other neurological research, has been an expensive failure and it is not worth continuing.

中药炮制学专论PBL教学案例库的建设——以党参的炮制为例

为满足中医药人才培养需要,有效提高中药炮制教学质量,山西中医药大学尝试构建适合研究生教育的中药炮制学以问题为基础的学习(PBL)教学案例合集库。PBL教学法是以问题为导向,以学生为主体,以小组讨论为形式,以教师为辅助答疑的学习模式。案例是PBL教学的关键。文章以山西道地药材党参的炮制为例,通过案例设计引进PBL教学模式,在完成传统教学任务的基础上激发学生学习动力,培养学生的批判性思维和创造力。

Global view of the social security system with Chinese characteristics research

The first 20 years of this century is the period of strategic opportunities of building a weU-offsociety in an all-round way, at the same time, China＇s social development is also facing a lot of systemic risk. Economic change and social transformation puts forward new requirements for the social security system reform. This paper studies the theoretical basis of the social security system reform, analyzes the status quo of China＇s social security system and the existing problems and experience in social security system of other countries for reference, on the basis of perfecting China＇s pension, medical, unemployment and other social security system, the construction is suitable for the situation of our country＇s social security system with Chinese characteristics, ensuring and improving people＇s livelihood, the achievements of reform and opening to the public to achieve genuine sharing is of great significance.

Problems Facing the Implementation of the Rural Revitalization Strategy: A Case Study of Luocun Town of Shandong Province

According to the requirements of the national rural revitalization strategy and the construction of new countryside, the current situation of rural construction in Luocun Town, Zichuan District, Zibo City was taken as the entry point, the problems occurred in the local revitalization and construction were analyzed, and corresponding improvement measures were put forward.

A Review of Recent Advances in Research on Asian Monsoon in China

This paper reviews briefly advances in recent research on monsoon by Chinese scholars, including primarily： （1） the establishment of various monsoon indices. In particular, the standardized dynamic seasonal variability index of the monsoon can delimit the geographical distribution of global monsoon systems and determine quantitatively the date of abrupt change in circulation. （2） The provision of three driving forces for the generation of monsoon. （3） The revelation of the heating-pump action of the Tibetan Plateau, which strengthens southerlies in the southern and southeastern periphery of the Plateau and results in a strong rainfall center from the northern Bay of Bengal （BOB） to the Plateau itself. （4） Clarification of the initial onset of the Asian Summer Monsoon （ASM） in the BOB east of 90°E, Indochina Peninsula （ICP） and the South China Sea, of which the rapid northward progression of tropical convection in the Sumatra and the rapid westward movement of the South Asia High to the Indochina Peninsula are the earliest signs. （5） The provision of an integrated mechanism for the onset of the East Asian Summer Monsoon （EASM）, which emphasizes the integrated impact of sensible heat over Indian Peninsula, the warm advection of the Tibetan Plateau and the sensible heat and latent heat over the Indochina Peninsula on the one hand, and the seasonal phase-lock effect of the northward propagation of low frequency oscillation on the other. （6） The revelation of the ＂planetary-scale moisture transport large-value band＂ from the Southern Hemisphere through to the Asian monsoon region and into the North Pacific, which is converged by several large-scale moisture transport belts in the Asian-Australian monsoon regions and whose variation influences directly the temporal and spatial distribution of summer rainfall in China. （7） Presenting the features of the seasonal advance of the EASM, the propagation of intraseasonal oscillation, and their relationship with rainfall in China; indicating that the intraseasonal oscillation of the EASM propagates in the form of a wave-train along the coast and behaves as monsoon surge propagating northward. （8） Describing the interannual and interdecadal variation of Asian monsoon, revealing the factors affecting it, and possible mechanisms of the variation of Asian monsoon. An elementary outlook on the existing problems and future direction of monsoon research is also provided.

Study on the Quality of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and Discussion on the Problems

In this paper,the study on the quality of traditional Chinese veterinary medicine and its existing problems are discussed,which mainly include the research techniques and research thoughts of traditional Chinese veterinary medicine,and the problems in its research progress,at the same time,the causes for the quality problems of traditional Chinese veterinary medicine are analyzed,and the solutions for the problems are put forward. The quality research of traditional Chinese veterinary medicine should refer to traditional Chinese medicine,then inherit,carry forward and innovate it based on the modern research. Solving the problems in the development of traditional Chinese veterinary medicine and putting forward the thinkings conforming to the development of traditional Chinese veterinary medicine using advanced instruments and devices as well as science and technology are urgent affairs.

问题探索与实验研究融合任务导向教学法在仪器分析教学中的改革实践

仪器分析是化学及相关专业的主干核心课程,为了适应学科发展需要,对仪器分析教学方法进行改革与实践。该课程采用任务导向教学模式,并尝试与问题探索和研究实验相融合,通过设计特定情景,使每章知识点以层层递进的方式出现,以最大程度地调动学生的学习兴趣和积极性;完成学习内容后再进行知识总结升华,并完成问题探索和实验研究,实现融会贯通,以达到较好的全面提升效果。

乡村振兴视角下新农村建设现状及优化建议——以湖北省嘉鱼县为例

基于乡村振兴背景,近些年来我国通过构建一系列乡村治理体系来优化农村建设,国内农村发生翻天覆地的变化,新农村建设掀起一波革新换代的新浪潮。湖北省咸宁市嘉鱼县新农村建设也取得前所未有的成效。该文以区位乡村空间治理为导向,通过从产业集群建设、绿色低碳工作以及乡村多元化功能三个方面分析嘉鱼县仍存在的新农村建设问题,接着依次从区位产业融合特色化、区位农业宜居低碳化以及区位功能设施现代化三个维度总结新农村建设经验以及建设成效,以期对嘉鱼县未来新农村建设提供科学性及价值性的研究动态。

基于科研范式变革的实验动物资源创新发展

实验动物是支撑生命科学和生物医药等领域科技创新的重要基础科研条件之一。随着科研范式的变革,准确把握科学前沿和国家重大需求,进一步凝练实验动物资源创制与发展中的难点和疑点,对加快推动实验动物新品种/新品系开发和动物模型创制与发展具有重要意义。本文梳理了我国实验动物资源建设和应用情况,就应对新形势下的科研范式变革中存在的主要问题进行了深入探讨,展望了我国实验动物资源发展新动向,以期为实验动物新资源研究开发提供新视角。

A Case Study on Primary Problem Student in Yemen

Nowadays,problem student is a common phenomenon exiting in primary and secondary school,Yemen.However,current unknown is why problem students appear and how to make an effective intervention way for reducing the problem behaviors.Although there have been many researches about problem student's problem behaviors researches on causes,developmental mechanism and educational strategies of problem students mainly stay on the theoretical research stage.This study aimed to investigate main reason for the formation of problem students and then make an effective intervention way and examine the invention effect.Firstly,combining existing research literature and teaching experience,this study sums up that problem behavior of problem students is mainly learning problem,interpersonal problem and willpower problem.Secondly,this study selected ten"problem students"of primary school as the participants.They are simply classified into three categories in accordance with the severity of the problem behaviors of problem students.I summarized various causes and affecting factors of problem behaviors through observing their performances and behaviors,and conduct in-depth interviews and explorations throughout the whole research process.Thirdly,on the basis of kind and severity of problems,various flexibly methods were used for the intervention study of problem behaviors.After that,I conducted interviews with the study cases,parents and teachers once again and made tracked records for the intervention effect.The intervention achieves marked improvement.For example,most students greatly improve their behaviors in class.Finally,I reflect the research process itself,considering that the case study is necessary method for the issue of"problem students".The use of qualitative research method is more conducive to enter the inner world of the studying cases,and better understand their true conditions as well.And on this basis,it is easier to find a breakthrough in the problem to improve the"problem students"and make a closer link between theoretical research and practical application.

理论导向的体育社会学定量研究:问题、策略与展望

定量研究是推动体育社会学发展的关键因素。定量研究的客观性、精确性和可重复性有助于深入理解体育现象,验证理论假设,推动理论创新。当前,我国体育社会学定量研究处于上升阶段,面临诸多困境和挑战。基于“理论导向的实证研究”理念,提出解决这些困境的3个核心环节:问题意识、理论探究、数据验证。在数字社会背景下,研究者应积极运用新数据、新技术和新方法赋能理论创新,揭示新的因果机制,催生新的研究范式。

兽药产品批准文号药学研究资料常见问题浅析

本文通过对已审药学资料的审查分析,从产品信息、处方、工艺、质量标准、稳定性研究等方面对药学申报资料的常见问题加以分析总结并提出了针对性建议,旨在规范药学研究资料编写,以期对兽药产品批准文号申请有所帮助。

产学研融合的问题驱动无机化学课程教学实践

创新课堂教学模式,提升课程教学的多维度育人功能,是新时代高校课程教育教学改革的努力方向。我们在无机化学课程教学设计中,依托国家一流线上课程教学资源,产学研融合设计教学内容及教学问题,开发讨论式教学,以问题驱动学生在深入思考中完成知识的学习、理论与实践的结合、综合能力的培养以及化学专业素养的提升。

当代医疗的儒家伦理负载——回应评论者

为《当代医疗与儒家思想》一书作出的11篇精彩评论予以回应,这些评论均认识到以问题为导向的当代医学伦理学研究的重要性,以及它们同儒家伦理传统的思想和价值的密切相关性,同时指出当代儒家医学伦理学与现代西方伦理观点和价值难以若合符节。分析如何发展儒家美德理论来适当地解决这些问题,回答这些评论对于拙作提出的一些明确的批评意见,深入探讨如何继承儒家家风,在医疗保健领域延续和再兴儒家家庭主义伦理传统。最后,对于“儒家公共理性”与“儒家生命伦理观”的关系问题,作出初步反思,提出区域全球伦理学取代全球伦理学的构想。

比较教育问题研究的基本流程与技术路线

学术场域中的问题基于而又抽离于普通生活,它必须被纳入特定的概念框架,继而形成能被探讨的、论证的问题。从所选择的议题看,比较教育研究中的问题研究可分为专题类、区域类、综合类三种类型。比较教育问题研究有其自身的学科规范,在研究起点上要避免泛化真实问题,在研究情境上要理解异文化教育特性,将数据式循证研究作为强力支撑,以此达到批判建构学科知识与理论的终极目标。比较教育问题研究必须遵循主线,从识别问题到分解问题,再到基于问题属性确定研究方法,最后分析问题、提出假设和挖掘背后的深层原因,以此形成比较教育问题研究的基本流程与技术路线。

《中医药防治新型冠状病毒感染专家共识》临床问题的确定

目的确定《中医药防治新型冠状病毒感染专家共识》的临床问题,为该共识形成推荐意见提供基础,为突发急性传染病相关共识的制定提供参考。方法采用文献调研与德尔菲法相结合的方法,开展文献研究和专家学术观点的梳理,采用德尔菲法开展第一轮问卷调查,确定临床一线医生关注的主要临床问题形成条目池,在此基础上制定第二轮调查问卷,以票选率>70%为标准纳入原始问题清单。梳理共14个临床问题及15个结局指标,开展第三轮问卷调查,得票率>70%的项目纳入指南问题清单及结局指标。结果最终纳入文献145篇,专家对新冠病毒感染的病因、病机、分期及治疗方面的认识比较一致,认为“湿”为本病的核心病机,普遍认同分消走泄、疏通气机是治疗关键,在病名的命名方面分歧比较明显。第一轮德尔菲法回收82份问卷,第二轮德尔菲法回收92份问卷,形成原始问题清单;第三轮问卷调查最终采纳14项临床问题及12个结局指标。结论规范地在文献研究及与德尔菲法问卷调查基础上筛选制定的临床问题能够比较全面地反映临床一线需求、主要学术观点及外感热病经典理论,能够提高指南的可推广性和可行性。

动物解剖学研究性教学的问题式教学法

动物解剖学的研究性教学是基于研究性问题的一种教学模式,围绕课程内容挖掘和设计研究性问题,激发学生的学习兴趣和求知欲,鼓励学生充分利用各种资源主动探索和研究,开阔视野,开发思维,既能加深对重点和难点的理解,又能梳理知识点,发现与知识点相联系的一些科学元素,从而提升学生科研能力和创新能力。本文从动物解剖学开展研究性教学的意义,以学生为主体培养研究性思维,梳理知识体系筛选综合性研究性问题,研究性问题的完成方法等几个方面对研究性教学的问题教学法进行了探索与思考,以期为动物解剖学开展研究性教学提供参考。

辽宁产学研合作存在问题和对策建议

产学研合作不仅是科技革新的核心,也是增强产业竞争力和实现高质量发展的重要途径。辽宁产学研合作在推动科技创新和经济发展方面取得了显著成果,但仍存在一些问题和挑战。主要问题包括产学研合作深度不够、创新资源分散、缺乏长期稳定的合作机制,以及人才流失和高素质创新人才缺乏等。通过系统梳理现有的产学研合作模式,提出了一系列具有针对性和可操作性的对策建议,为辽宁省产学研的良性发展提供理论支撑。