Modified Multivariate Process Capability Index Using Principal Component Analysis

The existing research of process capability indices of multiple quality characteristics mainly focuses on nonconforming of process output, the concept development of tmivariate process capability indices, quality loss function and various comprehensive evaluation methods. The multivariate complexity increases the computation difficulty of multivariate process capability indices（MPCI）, which makes them hard to be used in practice. In this paper, a new PCA-based MPCI approach is proposed to assess the production capability of the processes that involve multiple product quality characteristics. This approach first transforms the original quality variables into standardized normal variables. MPCI measures are then provided based on the Taam index. Moreover, the statistical properties of these MPCIs, such as confidence intervals and lower confidence bound, are given to let the practitioners understand the capability indices as random variables instead of deterministic variables. A real manufacturing data set and a synthetic data set are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. An implementation procedure is also provided for quality engineers to apply our MPCI approach in their manufacturing processes. The case studies demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of this new kind of MPCI, which is easier to be used in production practice. The proposed research provides a novel approach of MPCI calculation.

A Multivariate Process Capability Index

Process capability indices have been widely used in the manufacturing industry,providing numerical measures on process precision,process accuracy,and process performance.Capability measures for processes with a single characteristic have been investigated extensively.However,capability measures for processes with multiple characteristics are comparatively neglected. In this paper,inspired by the approach and model of process capability index investigated by K.S.Chen et al.(2003) and A.B. Yeh et al.(1998),a note model of multivariate process capability index based on non-conformity is presented.As for this index, the data of each single characteristic don’t require satisfying normal distribution,of which its computing is simple and particioners will not fell too theoretical.At last the application analysis is made.

Determination of geological strength index of jointed rock mass based on image processing

The geological strength index(GSI) system,widely used for the design and practice of mining process,is a unique rock mass classification system related to the rock mass strength and deformation parameters based on the generalized Hoek-Brown and Mohr-Coulomb failure criteria.The GSI can be estimated using standard chart and field observations of rock mass blockiness and discontinuity surface conditions.The GSI value gives a numerical representation of the overall geotechnical quality of the rock mass.In this study,we propose a method to determine the GSI quantitatively using photographic images of in situ jointed rock mass with image processing technology,fractal theory and artificial neural network(ANN).We employ the GSI system to characterize the jointed rock mass around the working in a coal mine.The relative error between the proposed value and the given value in the GSI chart is less than 3.6%.

Development of index system for inherently safer process design using an integrated approach

With a growing population, an increasing number of petrochemical facilities are built with larger capacity and more complexity, which pose a great risk to assets, community and environment. The value of inherently safer design is recognized with time by all stakeholders, and an effective tool is needed to evaluate and compare inherent safety of alternative technologies. This study developed a safety index to evaluate existing technologies for their safety levels and guide inherently safer design. The Integrated Risk-based Safety Index(IRSI) was developed based on a comprehensive review of petrochemical processes, incident cases from Sinopec and US Chemical Safety Board, and existing safety index systems. The IRSI included all major hazards, including fire, explosion,toxic release, dust explosion, physical explosion, and runaway. Also, the integrated life cycle approach considered chemical hazards, equipment failure rates and safety measures in this risk-based index. Advanced modeling techniques, PHAST simulation and Neural Network, were used in the development of three novel sub-indices in the projects, fire, explosion and toxic release. The index system could be easily incorporated into a user friendly tool for the ease of application. A case study of hydrogen dioxide was conducted using the IRSI, which showed its capability for evaluating the safety level of process facilities.

模糊数学综合评价结合响应面法优化竹笋汁饮品发酵工艺

该研究以清水竹笋罐头生产过程中产生的清水为原料,以发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentium)与红茶菌为菌种复合发酵制备竹笋汁饮品。利用单因素试验、模糊数学综合评价结合响应面法对其发酵工艺进行优化,并对其理化指标、微生物指标及抗氧化性进行检测分析。结果表明,竹笋汁饮品的最佳发酵工艺为:红茶菌添加量6%、发酵温度25℃、发酵时间2.5 d。在此优化条件下,竹笋汁饮品的色泽均匀,呈浅黄色的基底液,其感官评分为85.24分,固形物含量为6.13 g/L,pH为3.38,总糖含量为0.16 g/L,总酸含量为41.33 g/L,总酚含量为7.74 mg/L,总黄酮含量为0.066 mg/m L;益生菌活菌数为3.5×107CFU/g,大肠菌群、沙门氏菌及霉菌未检出,说明其理化指标及微生物指标均符合T/CASME 435—2023《益生菌发酵植物饮料》。竹笋汁饮品对1,1-二苯基-2-苦基肼(DPPH)自由基清除率为64.03%,羟自由基(·OH)清除率为46.62%,说明其具有一定的抗氧化能力。

Insiders' Hedging for Jump Diffusion Processes with Applications to Index Tracking

The hedging problem for insiders is very important in the financial market.The locally risk minimizing hedging was adopted to solve this problem.Since the market was incomplete,the minimal martingale measure was chosen as the equivalent martingale measure.By the F-S decomposition,the expression of the locally risk minimizing strategy was presented.Finally,the local risk minimization was applied to index tracking and its relationship with tracking error variance (TEV)-minimizing strategy was obtained.

精神科住培医师置信职业行为评价指标体系的构建

目的:置信职业行为指受训者具备被信任的能力后,能够独立执行和完成的具体临床任务。本研究构建适合精神科住培医师置信职业行为评价指标体系,为制定培训策略及考核标准提供参考依据。方法:通过文献分析、半结构访谈建立精神科住培医师置信职业行为条目库,对全国7所国家级住培基地、3所医学院校的63名精神科领域专家进行德尔菲咨询,全面筛选与整理指标,并结合层次分析法确定各级指标及其权重。结果:构建了包括4个一级指标、17个二级指标、68个三级指标在内具有层次性的精神科住培医师置信职业行为评价指标体系,并确定了一、二、三级指标的权重。结论:置信职业行为评价指标体系全面系统、贴合临床工作、便于实际应用,能够为精神科住培医师考核提供量化标准,促进培训质量的提高。

基于振动速度与噪音的横梁动态特性优化

针对某型小五轴高精密数控机床加工精度不高的问题,对其横梁的动态性能进行研究.采用锤击模态测试实验与有限元模拟计算相结合的方法,对横梁的固有频率进行研究;测量主轴不同转速下的振动速度和振动噪音,通过赋权处理,建立振动评价指标方程,得到优化目标;对所研究横梁进行形状优化.试验与仿真所得固有频率最大误差为5.76%;基于主轴振动情况确定83~117 Hz的频率范围,作为横梁设计时需要避开的低阶固有频率范围.经过形状优化后,横梁的一阶固有频率为139 Hz,相较于原横梁增加了约20.870%,横梁的动态性能得到改善.

Establishment of water quality index(Na^+,Ca^(2+)) for purified water reused to zinc electrolysis process

The effects of Na+ and Ca2+ in the purified water on the conductivity of zinc electrolyte and the current efficiency of zinc electrolysis were studied by the alternating current bridge method and the simulated electrolysis experiments,and the water quality index of reused water was established. The results show that the conductivity of the solution and the current efficiency decrease as these two kinds of positive ions are added in the electrolyte. The effect of Ca2+ is much more remarkable than that of Na+. ρ(Na+)≤ 8 g/L and ρ(Ca2+)≤20 mg/L are the quality indexes in the zinc electrolysis process and the concentrations of Na+ and Ca2+ in the purified water reused to the process should be less than the limited values,i.e. the water quality index of the purified water should be controlled by its reused amount.

海外油气在产项目综合能力分析

在“一带一路”倡议实施的背景下,能源领域的油气项目合作建设受到了广泛关注。中国作为石油进口国,同海外国家开展石油项目的合作是确保国家油气供应和能源安全的关键。与国内油气项目相比,海外项目投资大且回收期长,风险更高,政治、环境等不确定因素多。目前现有的评价考核体系大多从经济或风险单因素角度出发进行分析评测,其综合性与全面性不足,需要建立一套科学的项目综合能力评判方法对在产项目评价,选取优质项目运营。采用层次分析法计算权重,构建了一套多维度综合考虑各影响因素且能定量分析项目的评价体系,通过实证数据进行海外石油项目综合能力的比较,实现对海外在产项目的遴选及高质量发展。

黄精黑糯米酒酿造工艺优化及其品质分析

以黑糯米为主要原料,黄精提取液为辅料制备黄精黑糯米酒。以感官评分为评价指标,通过单因素试验和正交试验优化液态法发酵黄精黑糯米酒酿造工艺条件,并对其理化指标及活性成分进行测定。结果表明,最佳酿造工艺条件为酒曲与酵母质量比1:1、发酵时间6 d、黄精提取液添加量28%、料液比(糯米与水)1.0:7.0(g:mL)。在此优化条件下,黄精黑糯米酒的酒体澄清透亮、呈紫红色、酒香醇厚、具有黄精风味,感官评分为87分,酒精度达12.0%vol,总糖、还原糖、总酸、氨基酸态氮、花色苷和总黄酮含量分别为4.13 g/100 mL、3.74 g/100 mL、6.32 g/L、0.22 g/L、37.9 mg/L、0.023 g/100 mL。

喀什地区复播小米的品质评价

为探究喀什地区复播的不同品种谷子小米营养品质的差异,试验以不同来源的4个谷子品种作为分析对象,对小米中的9种矿质元素Na、Mg、K、Ca、Mn、Fe、Cu、Zn、Se含量进行检测,并对其4种营养指标脂肪酸、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、淀粉含量进行检测分析,最后对其生产加工方向进行综合预测。结果表明,各元素含量在不同品种谷子间差异显著,其中Na含量为8.24~31.18μg/g,Mg含量为869.42~1 580.23μg/g,K含量为2 326.80~5 033.01μg/g,Ca含量为110.64~395.88μg/g,Mn含量为11.39~21.11μg/g,Fe含量为15.94~57.46μg/g,Cu含量为0~7.51μg/g,Zn含量为15.10~35.94μg/g,Se含量为0.070 7~0.176 8μg/g。小米矿质元素总量范围为3 365.10~6 874.92μg/g,变异系数为25.95%;不饱和脂肪酸含量丰富而且在不同品种间差异显著;粗蛋白、粗脂肪、淀粉的含量范围分别是12.9%~13.69%、4.54%~6.02%、68.8%~76.76%,变异系数分别为5.00%,11.42%和4.91%。不同品种谷子小米直链淀粉含量差异不大,对其糊化温度与胶稠度分析后发现,陇谷29易蒸煮、适口性更好。不同品种谷子小米的营养品质存在差异性,陇谷29总体表现优异,晋谷21次之,二者均可作为企业生产的储备品种。

乡村振兴背景下兵团农产品加工业转型升级效率测度及影响因素研究

该文基于2006—2021年兵团农产品加工业面板数据,构建DEA-Malmquist指数模型和Tobit回归模型,对兵团农产品加工业转型升级的效率以及影响因素进行测评。结果表明:兵团农产品加工业转型升级的效率(ML指数)由2006年的0.968上涨至2021年的1.230,总体呈现出上升趋势;兵团农产品加工业转型升级的技术进步变化指数(TC)均值为1.267大于综合技术效率变化指数(EC)的均值1.130,表明兵团农产品加工业转型升级的ML指数增长主要归结于TC指数的增长;科研投入对兵团农产品加工业转型升级效率产生显著的正向影响,产业集聚程度对效率的正向影响作用并不显著,外商直接投资、金融支持力度和政府支持力度均对效率产生显著的负向影响。基于此,该文对促进兵团农产品加工业转型升级提出相应建议。

突发事件舆情衰退期模糊综合评价

为探究突发事件网络舆情态势的发展过程,对舆情衰退期的形成进行准确研判,面向微博平台获取4类突发事件数据信息,基于传统评价指标体系,从信息主体、信息内容和信息传播3个角度出发,构建突发事件舆情衰退期评价指标体系,并结合直觉模糊层次分析法对影响因素进行综合评价。研究结果表明:基于模糊综合评价对4类突发事件进行实证分析,综合评估确定后得到评价分值≥4.8时,网络舆情态势进入衰退期。研究结果可为高效分配舆情监控资源、快速获取和分析舆情信息、提升相关方舆情治理效能提供新思路。

熵权-正交法优化赤苍藤中多糖、多酚和黄酮的提取工艺

优化赤苍藤中多糖、多酚和黄酮的提取工艺,为综合评价其质量提供参考。以赤苍藤茎为研究对象,采用酶解法,选取适宜的酶质量分数、酶解p H、酶解温度及酶解时间为考察因素,以多糖、多酚、黄酮和浸膏提取率为评价指标。基于熵权法客观赋权结合L_9(3~4)正交试验,优选赤苍藤的多指标提取工艺。最佳提取工艺条件为:酶质量分数4%,酶解p H值6.0,酶解温度50℃,酶解时间45 min。考察多指标后,确认优选的提取工艺稳定可行,可为赤苍藤的质量评价提供实验依据。

三级中医医院学科综合评价指标体系构建与应用

目的:建立三级中医医院学科综合评价指标体系,在优化学科评价机制的同时提高学科运行管理水平,推动医院学科高质量建设和发展。方法:通过文献分析法和德尔菲专家咨询法,构建多维度的指标体系;运用层次分析法确定指标权重。应用该指标体系对某三级中医医院21个学科进行评估。结果:三级中医医院学科综合评价指标体系包含7个一级指标、20个二级指标和50个三级指标。一级指标包括学术水平、学科队伍、科学研究、医疗服务、教育教学、条件建设、管理水平7个方面,权重分别为0.187、0.199、0.224、0.137、0.122、0.067和0.064,对应的二级指标中,权重最高的分别为学术影响(0.336)、学科带头人(0.527)、专利与成果转化(0.408)、医疗服务能力(0.522)、继续教育与学术传承(0.537)、辅助与质控体系(0.529)和组织管理(0.432)。应用该指标体系对医院21个学科进行实测分析,得分靠前的8个学科中,有7个为国家中医药管理局重点学科,与各学科实际情况基本符合。结论:本研究构建的学科评价指标体系具有较好的科学性和可行性,有助于引导中医医院内部开展学科及时评估,提升学科整体管理水平。

中医专业临床中药炮制学课程核心能力评价指标体系构建

目的构建中医专业临床中药炮制学课程核心能力评价指标体系,以期更加客观、全面地培养和评价学生的核心能力。方法研究小组基于教学内容和教学目标,并结合文献研究,拟订调查问卷,采用德尔菲法(Delphi)进行专家函询,形成中医专业的临床中药炮制学课程核心能力评价指标体系。结果专家函询问卷回收率为100%,各级指标的变异系数为0.067~0.481,协调系数为0.223~0.330。最终确立本轮采纳的评价指标体系:一级指标2项,二级指标9项,三级指标21项。结论中医专业临床中药炮制学课程核心能力评价指标体系科学可靠,能够客观、全面地为培养和评价中医专业本科生学习该课程的效果提供量化参考依据。

基于层次分析法-德尔菲法的高价值专利筛选研究——以稀土永磁产业为例

高价值专利作为知识产权强国建设的压舱石,对其进行筛选及评估具有重要的现实意义。构建涵盖经济-技术-法律-战略“四维一体”的高价值专利评价指标体系,综合运用层次分析法和德尔菲法,依托DPS数据处理系统为指标赋权,以大为(Innojoy)专利数据库为数据源进行检索,筛选永磁材料高价值专利。将排名前10位的高价值专利呈现作为模拟现实示例以供参考。对比DPI指数,发现高价值专利筛选结果高度吻合。本评价体系及方法适用于从海量专利中遴选出高价值专利,可为产业相关从业人员及研究者判别技术实力、进行专利资产管理及聚焦技术创新研究提供一种可供参考的专利筛选方式。

电解锰行业清洁生产评价指标体系研究与应用

清洁生产评价指标体系研究对行业深入推进清洁生产具有重要意义,提出了适用于一般工业行业的“源头控制-过程减排-末端治理-循环利用”全过程清洁生产评价框架模型;构建了由生产工艺及装备等9个一级指标、45个二级指标组成的电解锰行业清洁生产评价指标体系,采用专家咨询-层次分析法确定各指标权重,其中电解锰渣无害化处理率和直流电耗指标的权重分别为0.092和0.050,反映出行业清洁生产的重点和关键点。对3家典型企业的清洁生产水平评价结果表明,案例企业对标Ⅰ级基准得分为40.78~77.26,与清洁生产Ⅰ级水平有差距,指标体系能有效反映电解锰企业的清洁生产水平。结合企业1实际情况,从生产工艺及装备等方面提出10项针对性的清洁生产改造措施建议,为企业推进清洁生产提供参考,也可为行业绿色低碳政策制定提供依据。

冠状动脉CTA成像技术中KV值与体质量的关系研究

目的本研究旨在探讨低管电压扫描在冠脉CTA成像技术中KV值与体质量的关系。方法选取疑似为冠状动脉疾病患者120例为研究对象,所有患者均行冠状动脉CTA检查。根据KV值不同分为三组:A组120 KV(45例);B组100 KV(45例);C组80 KV(30例)。并将各组患者按体质量不同分为分为<70 kg、70~85kg、>85kg三个级别,C组不设>85kg级别。所有患者使用的对比剂为碘普罗胺(370 mgI/m1)。比较各组各个体质量级别的图像质量和有效辐射剂量。结果除80KV组70~85kg级别出现2分外,其余各组各级别患者图像质量主观评分均≥3分,A、B组中>85kg级别和C组70~85kg级别评分较低,与其他组评分差别明显。同样是≤70 kg体质量患者在不同KV组其血管CT值差异明显,均有统计学意义(均P<0.001)。同样是70~85kg体质量级别患者在不同KV组其血管CT值差异明显,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.001)。同样是>85kg体质量级别患者在不同KV组其血管CT值差异明显,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.001)。B组>85kg级别和C组70~85kg级别的SNR和CNR均较其他组降低,图像质量较差。同样<70 kg级别在100KV组比120KV组ED减少42.4%,80KV组比120KV组减少68.3%(P<0.001);同样是70~85kg级别在100KV组比在120KV组的ED减少40.4%,在80KV组比在120组ED减少68.3%(P<0.001);同样是>85kg级别在100KV组的ED比在120KV组减少40.8%(P<0.001)。结论在冠状动脉CTA成像,体质量≤70 kg的患者应用80 KV剂量、体质量70~85kg的患者应用100 KV剂量可获得与120 KV剂量相当的图像质量,而且可有效减少辐射剂量。