Product Family Design Methodology Using Object-Oriented Approach

The serious competition environment of global marke t requests the enterprise to change traditional product development strategy and a dopt new theory in order to meet diverse customer needs while maintaining near m ass production efficiency, which is the main philosophy of mass customization. P roduct family design is research focus at present and also is the core technolog y of DFMC (design for mass customization). Firstly, this paper explores the fund amental issues of product family, such as concepts of modularity, commonality/di versity, product platform and product family architecture etc. We compare the te rminology between product family and object-oriented approach in the next step. Thirdly, this paper puts forwards one product family design methodology based o n product platform and under different phase of product life cycle constrains, f or example, functional, assembly and service etc. At the end section of this pap er, we applied, the object-oriented approach in above mentioned product family design methodology to realize the design process. In one word, this paper propos ed one product family design methodology based on object oriented approach and p roduct life cycle consideration, especially the conjointness of characteristic o f OOA and concepts of product family. The main property of OOA are encapsulation , inherence and polymorphism. Encapsulation can represent the module or building blocks of product family. Inherence can be extended to describe the modularity and commonality, and also be used to construct variant space. Alternative specif ic of product family architecture can be embodied with polymorphism. And fin aly, we give the future work contents. In order to derive the product platform a nd achieve modularity and commonality/diversity, interface management between bu ilding block is necessary. The question is how the OOA can be applied in interfa ce management to get our aim OOA is the basis of many information management sy stem, then the question is how to build one system to manage the information of product family and support mass customization The third question is how to deve lop one computer aided tool to facilitate the application of OOA for product fam ily design, even be used to category of design for mass customization.

Feature-based and objectoriented product information model for welding structure

Product information model for welding structure plays an important role for the integration of welding CAD/CAPP/CAM. However, existing CAD modeling systems are not capable of providing enough information for subsequent manufacturing activities such as CAPP and CAM. A new design approach using feature technique and object oriented programming method is put forward in this paper in order to create the product information model of welding structure. With this approach, the product information model is able to effectively support computer aided welding process planning, fixturing, assembling, path planning of welding robot and other manufacturing activities. The feature classification and representing scheme of welding structure are discussed. A prototype system is developed based on feature and object oriented programming. Its structure and functions are given in detail.

Product-Oriented Integrated CAPP System

The necessi ty of product oriented integrated computer aided process planning (CAPP) is analy zed, and the system architecture and the main functions are described in detail. The key issues of the system, such as the product oriented process planning me thod, the human machine cooperation in process planning, the generation of manu facture bill of material (MBOM) and the dynamic data exchanging technology betwe en CAPP and enterprise resource planning (ERP), are discussed. The CAPP system h as been applied at a CIMS environment corporation successfully.

Customer-oriented Configuration Model for Modular MechatronicProducts: Application in Industrial Robot Design

The contradiction between manufacturing costs and customer demand of mechatronic products can be balanced by configuration design. The article proposes a customer-oriented configuration model for modular mechatronic products which makes up the shortfall in meeting customer needs for the traditional configuration de- sign mode. The elements of the modular mechatronic products configuration model including module, module connection and configuration knowledge are analyzed. And a formal representation method for configuration model elements combining with their characteristics is given. Based on the above research, an abstract configuration model of modular mechatronic products is designed. Finally, an industrial robot is used as an application exam- ple to build a customer-oriented industrial robot configuration model.

Quality-Oriented Software Product Line Architecture Design

Software architecture design is a critical step of software development. Currently, there are various design methods available and each is focusing on certain perspective of architecture design. Especially, quality-based methods have received a lot of attentions and have been well developed for single system architecture design. However, the use of quality-based design methods is limited in software product line (SPL) because of the complexity and variabilities existing in SPL architecture. In this paper, we introduce an extra view to the Quality-Driven Architecture Design and quality Analysis (QADA) method, in order to provide a more effective quality-based architecture design framework for SPL. In this framework, the quality attributes of a software system will be taken into account in the early stage of architecture design and the reference architecture of SPL will be elicited based on quality-related consideration.

南美洲Oriente盆地斜坡带W区块构造-岩性复合油藏成藏模式及有利区预测

通过岩心观察、地震解释、储层反演、原油地化分析、油源对比、油气运移示踪分析等对南美洲Oriente盆地斜坡带W区块典型构造-岩性复合油藏的成藏规律进行了分析,并指出了下一步的有利勘探方向。研究结果表明:①Oriente盆地斜坡带W区块构造-岩性复合油藏整体为西倾和西南倾单斜构造,局部发育鼻隆,油藏目的层为白垩系Napo组M1ss段,砂体呈北西—南东向,储层厚度大、物性好。②研究区河口湾砂坝控制有利储层分布,W区块平稳的西倾和西南倾单斜鼻隆构造背景与NW—SE走向的泥岩条带配合控制圈闭形成,有效油气运移通道的空间展布控制成藏。③构造-岩性油藏为三阶段成藏模式,早期常规原油充注,中期原油遭受降解,晚期常规原油混合降稠。④W区块南部地区2个泥岩条带的西南部位是W区块构造-岩性复合圈闭的有利发育区。

Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine promotes lipid uptake of macrophage via cluster of differentiation 36 and receptor for advanced glycation end products

BACKGROUND Advanced glycation end products(AGEs)are diabetic metabolic toxic products that cannot be ignored.Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine(CML),a component of AGEs,could increase macrophage lipid uptake,promote foam cell formation,and thereby accelerate atherosclerosis.The receptor for AGEs(RAGE)and cluster of differentiation 36(CD36)were the receptors of CML.However,it is still unknown whether RAGE and CD36 play key roles in CML-promoted lipid uptake.AIM Our study aimed to explore the role of RAGE and CD36 in CML-induced macrophage lipid uptake.METHODS In this study,we examined the effect of CML on lipid uptake by Raw264.7 macrophages.After adding 10 mmol/L CML,the lipid accumulation in macrophages was confirmed by oil red O staining.Expression changes of CD36 and RAGE were detected with immunoblotting and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.The interaction between CML with CD36 and RAGE was verified by immunoprecipitation.We synthesized a novel N-succinimidyl-4-18Ffluorobenzoate-CML radioactive probe.Radioactive receptor-ligand binding assays were performed to test the binding affinity between CML with CD36 and RAGE.The effects of blocking CD36 or RAGE on CML-promoting lipid uptake were also detected.RESULTS The study revealed that CML significantly promoted lipid uptake by macrophages.Immunoprecipitation and radioactive receptor-ligand binding assays indicated that CML could specifically bind to both CD36 and RAGE.CML had a higher affinity for CD36 than RAGE.ARG82,ASN71,and THR70 were the potential interacting amino acids that CD36 binds to CML Anti-CD36 and anti-RAGE could block the uptake of CML by macrophages.The lipid uptake promotion effect of CML was significantly attenuated after blocking CD36 or RAGE.CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the binding of CML with CD36 and RAGE promotes macrophage lipid uptake.

Investigation Into the Market-Orientated New Product Development Performance

The effect that the market orientation brings to product innovation performance is reported and the degree of product innovativeness is explored. The interdepartmental integration inside the company is also investigated. A series of hypotheses were developed aiming at presenting a conceptual framework to clarify how market orientation contributes to product innovation performance-moderated by the degree of product innovativeness and affected by the interdepartmental integration. Survey data from 36 business units were analyzed based on the respondents in the research. The statistic results suggest a substantial positive effect of market orientation on product innovation performance. Under the condition of incremental innovativeness among the samples, the more innovative the product is, the more improvements in product innovation performance would be achieved. A variety of particular interdepartmental integration mechanisms have been certified to lend more supports to establishing market orientation and improving product innovation performance.

The effect of the fibre orientation of electrospun scaffolds on the matrix production of rabbit annulus fibrosus-derived stem cells

Annulus fibrosus （AF） tissue engineering has recently received increasing attention as a treatment for intervertebral disc 0VD） degeneration; however, such engineering remains challenging because of the remarkable complexity of AF tissue. In order to engineer a functional AF replacement, the fabrication of cell-scaffold constructs that mimic the cellular, biochemical and structural features of native AF tissue is critical. In this study, we fabricated aligned fibroua polyurethane scaffolds using an electrospinning technique and used them for culturing AF-derived-stem/progenitor cells （AFSCs）. Random fibrous scaffolds, also prepared via electrospinningy were used as a control. We compared the morphology, proliferation, gene expression and matrix production of AFSCs on aligned scaffolds and random scaffolds. There was no apparent difference in the attachment or proliferation of cells cultured on aligned scaffolds and random scaffolds. However, compared to cells on random scaffolds, the AFSCs on aligned scaffolds were more elongated and better aligned, and they exhibited higher gene expression and matrix production of coUagen-I and aggrecan. The gene expression and protein production of coUagen-II did not appear to differ between the two groups. Together, these findings indicate that aligned fibrous scaffolds may provide a favourable microenvironment for the differentiation of AFSCs into cells similar to outer AF cells, which predominantly produce collagen-I matrix.

Transparent and anti-fogging AlPO_(4)-5 films constructed by oblique oriented nano-flake crystals

In the present work,transparent and anti-fogging AlPO_(4)-5 films were prepared on glass substrates using a novel developed process.The process entails a simple in-situ sol–gel followed by vapor phase transport.The in-situ sol–gel process was implemented by coating the precursor sols for the synthesis of AlPO4-5 on the glass substrates successively using the spin-coating method.The films and powders scribed from the films were characterized by X-Ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),scanning electron microscope(SEM),atomic force microscope(AFM),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and transmission electron microscope(TEM).The unique films were composed of oblique oriented nanoflake AlPO_(4)-5 crystals with the thickness of about 20 nm.The formation of nano-flake crystals can be ascribed to the high concentration of the precursors,resulting in the formation of a supersaturation system.The obtained films showed high antifogging performance due to the superhydrophilicity with a water contact angle of lower than 1.0°.The silicone oil contact angle was also low about 8.2°.In addition,heteroatom-substituted AlPO_(4)-5 films showing different colors can be obtained easily by simply adding transition metal ions in the phosphate acid solution during the preparation that can extend the application of the method for different coating demand.

Conversion of Object Oriented System into Software Product Line with Delta Modeling Abstract Behavioral Specification

This article contains a system conversion from object oriented design into Software Product Line (SPL) using delta modeling of Abstract Behavioral Specification (ABS). ABS is a modeling language which targets system with high level of variety and supports SPL development with delta modeling. The case study of this thesis is a digital library system called Library Automation and Digital Archive (LONTAR). Originally, LONTAR only uses SOAP-based web service. With ABS, LONTAR will be converted into SPL and implement another web service called REST. The motivation of this conversion of LONTAR from object oriented into SPL is because it is easier to develop system with ABS than using regular object oriented. Product definition in ABS is relatively easier than creating a new subclass and do customization to make it works well.

数实产业技术融合对城乡共同富裕的影响研究--基于新质生产力的中介效应检验

数实产业技术融合是中国形塑全新发展格局,探寻公平与效率间最佳动态平衡点,实现城乡共同富裕的原生动能。选取2012—2022年中国31个省区市(港澳台除外)面板数据,构建中介效应模型、调节效应模型以及门槛效应模型,实证检验数实产业技术融合对城乡共同富裕的影响效应与内在作用机理。结果显示:数实产业技术融合可助力城乡共同富裕,该结论在经过稳健性检验后仍成立。异质性分析表明,数实产业技术融合对城乡共同富裕的助力作用在不同地理区位与产业结构地区呈现出异质性影响范式,具体表现为数实产业技术融合对“胡焕庸线”西北地区、低产业结构地区城乡共同富裕的赋能效应更强。机制检验显示,数实产业技术融合通过培育新质生产力促进城乡共同富裕。调节效应与门槛效应检验表明,数据要素市场化配置可增强数实产业技术融合对城乡共同富裕的助力作用,且在跨越10.2375门槛值后,数实产业技术融合促进城乡共同富裕的效能更强。

Entrepreneurial Orientation, Creativity, and Productivity： The Influence of Self-leadership Strategies

This study examines the influence of self-leadership strategies on the dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation, creativity, and productivity. It also investigates the psychometric properties of the relatively newly developed self-leadership measurement instrument. The study involves a questionnaire-based survey of employees from a perceived innovative organisation operating in the United Arab Emirates. A total of 255 employees participated in the study. The responses were subject to a serious of factor, correlation and regression analyses using SPSS and structural equation modeling. The findings indicate that the second order factor of self-leadership behavioural-focused strategies has a significant and strong effect on entrepreneurial orientation, which in turn enhances influences on creativity and productivity. Furthermore, the second order factor of self-leadership natural reward strategies has no effect on entrepreneurial orientation, suggesting that strategies that seek work activities which are pleasant and enjoyable neither affect the dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation, nor the dimensions of creativity and productivity. Results also showed that self-leadership behavioural-focused strategies accounted for 51% of the variance in entrepreneurial orientation, and 40% and 52% of the variance in creativity and productivity, respectively. The findings also showed that entrepreneurial orientation impacts significantly the dimensions of creativity and productivity. In conclusion, the findings clearly suggest that organisations should train and/or hire those employees who encompass strategies that are intended to strengthen positive, desirable behaviours, such as self-goal setting, self-observation, self-reward, self-punishment, and self-practice, if they wish to maintain and/or increase innovativeness, pro-activeness, creativity, and productivity. Directions for future research and practical implications for leadership and business approaches are discussed.

Photo-polymerization of liquid crystalline monomer in oriented liquid crystal phase

A new approach to synthesize liquid crystalline polymer with narrow polydispersity index（PDI） was developed.Photopolymerization of 4-cyanophenyl-4＇-（6-acryloyloxyhexyloxy）benzoate（RM23） in nematic liquid crystals with macroscopic orientation was studied.The effects of the monomer concentration on the molecular weight and PDI of the resulting polymers were studied through gel permeation chromatography（GPC） and polarized optical microscopy.The low PDI of 1.19 and 1.22 was obtained in the reverse and normal modes,respectively.The PDI and molecular weight increased with monomer concentration.

The Application of Process-oriented Approach in English Writing

Currently,English writing is still an important and challenging course for most students in English.In China,the effect of Product-oriented approaches is dominated.Such practice seems to have ignored cognitive factors of writing process.So it is necessary to choose some new ways to perfect our English writing teaching.In this paper the application of a new approach——process-oriented approach will be discussed.By using this approach,the students can develop some behaviors such as composing,brainstorming,drafting,and revising.

Dynamic Object-Oriented Model of Concurrent Design Process

This article reports our research progress in concurrent design theory and methodology.The idea of Micro-Design-Cycle is introduced to provide a mechanism of coordinating variousdesign activities in parallel as much as possible.An Object-Life-Cycle diagram is developedas an instrument to visualize the Micro-Design-Cycle and as a practical tool of timing variousactivities being performed in Micro-Design-Cycles.

Applying Object-oriented Simulation to the Development of FMS Control Software

The approach of control software development based on simulation is discussed. A library of object classes for a flexible manufacturing system(FMS) simulation has been developed using the technology of object-oriented programming. Using the library, the simulation software of a FMS which has the same manufacturing logic with the FMS control system can be easily constructed. A new approach in the development of FMS control software based on software reuse and an emulator of the blade FMS control system for testing control software have also been developed.

The Orientation and Development of Zhenjiang Pearl S.Buck Tourism Products Exploitation

This study aimed to make an orientation for the development of Zhenjiang Pearl S.Buck tourism products.According to the spatial structure styles of tourism products,this paper discussed the exploitation of Zhenjiang Pearl S.Buck tourism products from the perspective of spot products,linear products and network products.It expanded the Pearl S.Buck research to tourism science field and put forward some ideas of promoting the comprehensive benefits of Pearl S.Buck tourism resource as well as the exploitation of similar tourism products.

生态环境导向的开发(EOD)模式探索与实践--以湖南省试点项目为例

生态环境导向的开发(EOD)模式是以生态文明思想为引领,探索践行“绿水青山就是金山银山”理念的具体实践,推动生态产品价值实现市场化的有效路径。基于湖南省EOD试点项目,结合实践案例分析了“水生态环境保护+片区综合开发”“生态环境综合治理+乡村振兴”“生态环境基础设施建设+产业园区开发”“农业农村污染治理+生态农业开发”4个典型模式及主要特征,总结了政府主导、一体开发、市场运作、多方投入、因地制宜、特色发展的主要试点经验,为生态产品价值实现探索提供借鉴。

基于Kano-QFD的适老化卫浴产品设计研究

目的提升智能化卫浴产品适老化程度,增加老年用户产品使用满意度。方法以Kano模型与QFD质量功能展开集成方法辅助设计决策为主,人机研究与用户行为状态分析为辅。使用问卷调查法挖掘用户需求,对获取的用户需求进行重要度量化,并进行重要度修正,辅助构建老年卫浴产品QFD质量屋,结合辅助方法,最终完成适老化卫浴产品设计实例;最后使用JACK仿真分析对输出方案进行人机舒适度验证分析。结果通过Kano–QFD模型结合辅助方法的设计思路能更加精确定位用户需求,产出方案具有较高的适老化程度,较好地提升了用户满意度。结论提出整合Kano–QFD模型及人机数据与行为状态分析辅助设计的方法,对智能卫浴产品的适老化设计过程优化与产品实际输出,具有一定的参考价值。