The electrochemical degradation of reed pulp black liquor containing lignin pretreated by acidification method was investigated using a three-dimensional electrode reactor. Using activated carbon as particle electrode...The electrochemical degradation of reed pulp black liquor containing lignin pretreated by acidification method was investigated using a three-dimensional electrode reactor. Using activated carbon as particle electrode, the effects of p H value, reaction temperature, electrolysis time and current on residual concentration of total organic carbon(TOC) were discussed in detail. The optimal conditions were obtained: pH 2.5, influent flow rate of 200 mL/min, 25 °C, 300 mA and 2h of electrolysis time, and the removal efficiency of TOC maintains at 35.57 %. The results of the electrochemical method indicate that ·OH radicals are produced in activated carbon anode in the electrolysis process and then adsorbed on the activated carbon surface. Microcell consists of ·OH radicals and the absorbed lignin. With the microcell reaction, the lignin is degraded, while the anodic polarized curve illustrates that the lignin is obviously oxidized in the anode. The contributions of direct and indirect electrolyses to the TOC removal ratio are about 50%, respectively.展开更多
-In order to reduce the increasingly serious environmental impact caused by wastewater from the paper industry, the municipality of Jinan plans to adopt a specialized production technology. The new technology will cen...-In order to reduce the increasingly serious environmental impact caused by wastewater from the paper industry, the municipality of Jinan plans to adopt a specialized production technology. The new technology will centralize pulp production and decentralize paper production. It is predicted that the new technology will greatly reduce the environmental effects of the paper industry. Perhaps it is a new direction for the development of the paper industry in China.展开更多
Because of the effect of silicon on the formation of oxide scale, black strip defect is common on the surface of compact strip production （CSP） hot-rolled silicon steel, which leads to difficulty in pickling process...Because of the effect of silicon on the formation of oxide scale, black strip defect is common on the surface of compact strip production （CSP） hot-rolled silicon steel, which leads to difficulty in pickling process compared with plain carbon steels. Although high-temperature oxidation of Fe-Si alloy has been discussed a lot, few studies have explained the mechanism of black strip defect generated on the surface of hot-rolled silicon steel and proposed means to prevent it effectively. Thermogravimetric analyzer （TGA） is used to simulate oxidation of Fe-2.2Si alloy for 30 min under air condition, and temperature range is from 1000 to 1150 ℃. Effect of rolling deformation on scale morphology is also discussed. Electron probe microanalysis （EPMA） is used to analyze cross-sectional morphology and elemental distribution of the oxide scale. Schematic diagram of formation of black strip defect is obtained, which helps to provide theoretic basis for proposing of solutions for the Problem. It is proposed that lowering furnace tem-perature and shortening time to stay at high teniperature condition after rolling will be helpful tO relieve the black strip problem.展开更多
基金Project(50925417)supported by the National Natureal Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholar of ChinaProject(51074191)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘The electrochemical degradation of reed pulp black liquor containing lignin pretreated by acidification method was investigated using a three-dimensional electrode reactor. Using activated carbon as particle electrode, the effects of p H value, reaction temperature, electrolysis time and current on residual concentration of total organic carbon(TOC) were discussed in detail. The optimal conditions were obtained: pH 2.5, influent flow rate of 200 mL/min, 25 °C, 300 mA and 2h of electrolysis time, and the removal efficiency of TOC maintains at 35.57 %. The results of the electrochemical method indicate that ·OH radicals are produced in activated carbon anode in the electrolysis process and then adsorbed on the activated carbon surface. Microcell consists of ·OH radicals and the absorbed lignin. With the microcell reaction, the lignin is degraded, while the anodic polarized curve illustrates that the lignin is obviously oxidized in the anode. The contributions of direct and indirect electrolyses to the TOC removal ratio are about 50%, respectively.
文摘-In order to reduce the increasingly serious environmental impact caused by wastewater from the paper industry, the municipality of Jinan plans to adopt a specialized production technology. The new technology will centralize pulp production and decentralize paper production. It is predicted that the new technology will greatly reduce the environmental effects of the paper industry. Perhaps it is a new direction for the development of the paper industry in China.
基金Item Sponsored by National High-Tech Research and Development Program(863Program)of China(2011BAE13B04)Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities of China(N100307006)
文摘Because of the effect of silicon on the formation of oxide scale, black strip defect is common on the surface of compact strip production （CSP） hot-rolled silicon steel, which leads to difficulty in pickling process compared with plain carbon steels. Although high-temperature oxidation of Fe-Si alloy has been discussed a lot, few studies have explained the mechanism of black strip defect generated on the surface of hot-rolled silicon steel and proposed means to prevent it effectively. Thermogravimetric analyzer （TGA） is used to simulate oxidation of Fe-2.2Si alloy for 30 min under air condition, and temperature range is from 1000 to 1150 ℃. Effect of rolling deformation on scale morphology is also discussed. Electron probe microanalysis （EPMA） is used to analyze cross-sectional morphology and elemental distribution of the oxide scale. Schematic diagram of formation of black strip defect is obtained, which helps to provide theoretic basis for proposing of solutions for the Problem. It is proposed that lowering furnace tem-perature and shortening time to stay at high teniperature condition after rolling will be helpful tO relieve the black strip problem.
