Non-Cooperative Game of Coordinated Scheduling of Parallel Machine Production and Transportation in Shared Manufacturing

Given the challenges of manufacturing resource sharing and competition in the modern manufacturing industry,the coordinated scheduling problem of parallel machine production and transportation is investigated.The problem takes into account the coordination of production and transportation before production as well as the disparities in machine spatial position and performance.A non-cooperative game model is established,considering the competition and self-interest behavior of jobs from different customers for machine resources.The job from different customers is mapped to the players in the game model,the corresponding optional processing machine and location are mapped to the strategy set,and the makespan of the job is mapped to the payoff.Then the solution of the scheduling model is transformed into the Nash equilibrium of the non-cooperative game model.A Nash equilibrium solution algorithm based on the genetic algorithm(NEGA)is designed,and the effective solution of approximate Nash equilibrium for the game model is realized.The fitness function,single-point crossover operator,and mutation operator are derived from the non-cooperative game model’s characteristics and the definition of Nash equilibrium.Rules are also designed to avoid the generation of invalid offspring chromosomes.The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated through numerical experiments of various sizes.Compared with other algorithms such as heuristic algorithms(FCFS,SPT,and LPT),the simulated annealing algorithm(SA),and the particle swarm optimization algorithm(PSO),experimental results show that the proposed NE-GA algorithm has obvious performance advantages.

Coordinated Scheduling of Two-Agent Production and Transportation Based on Non-Cooperative Game

A two-agent production and transportation coordinated scheduling problem in a single-machine environment is suggested to compete for one machine from different downstream production links or various consumers.The jobs of two agents compete for the processing position on a machine,and after the pro-cessed,they compete for the transport position on a transport vehicle to be trans-ported to two agents.The two agents have different objective functions.The objective function of the first agent is the sum of the makespan and the total trans-portation time,whereas the objective function of the second agent is the sum of the total completion time and the total transportation time.Given the competition between two agents for machine resources and transportation resources,a non-cooperative game model with agents as game players is established.The job pro-cessing position and transportation position corresponding to the two agents are mapped as strategies,and the corresponding objective function is the utility func-tion.To solve the game model,an approximate Nash equilibrium solution algo-rithm based on an improved genetic algorithm(NE-IGA)is proposed.The genetic operation based on processing sequence and transportation sequence,as well as the fitness function based on Nash equilibrium definition,are designed based on the features of the two-agent production and transportation coordination scheduling problem.The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated through numerical experiments of various sizes.When compared to heuristic rules such as the Longest Processing Time first(LPT)and the Shortest Processing Time first(SPT),the objective function values of the two agents are reduced by 4.3%and 2.6% on average.

Intermodal Freight Network Design for Transport of Perishable Products

The amount of perishable products transported via the existing intermodal freight networks has significantly increased over the last years. Perishable products tend to decay due to a wide range of external factors. Supply chain operations mismanagement causes waste of substantial volumes of perishable products every year. The heretofore proposed mathematical models optimize certain supply chain processes and reduce decay of perishable products, but primarily deal with local production, inventory, distribution, and retailing of perishable products. However, significant quantities of perishable products are delivered from different continents, which shall increase the total transportation time and decay potential of perishable products as compared to local deliveries. This paper proposes a novel optimization model to design the intermodal freight network for both local and long-haul deliveries of perishable products. The objective of the model aims to minimize the total cost associated with transportation and decay of perishable products. A set of piecewise approximations are applied to linearize the non-linear decay function for each perishable product type. CPLEX is used to solve the problem. Comprehensive numerical experiments are conducted using the intermodal freight network for import of the seafood perishable products to the United States to draw important managerial insights. Results demonstrate that increasing product decay cost may significantly change the design of intermodal freight network for transport of perishable products, cause modal shifts and affect the total transportation time and associated costs.

Relaxation-strategy-based Modification Branch-and-Bound Algorithm for Solving a Class of Transportation-production Problems

In this paper,a new algorithm relaxation-strategy-based modification branchand-bound algorithm is developed for a type of solving the minimum cost transportationproduction problem with concave production costs.The major improvement of the proposed new method is that modification algorithm reinforces the bounding operation using a Lagrangian relaxation,which is a concave minimization but obtains a tighter bound than the usual linear programming relaxation.Some computational results are included.Computation results indicate that the algorithm can solve fairly large scale problems.

Productivity Growth in the Transportation Industries in the United States: An Application of the DEA Malmquist Productivity Index

This study reviews productivity growth in the five major transportation industries in the United States (airline, truck, rail, pipeline, and water) and the pooled transportation industry from 2004 to 2011. We measure the average productivity for these eight years by state in each transportation industry and the annual average productivity by transportation industry. The major findings are that the U.S. transportation industry shows strong and positive productivity growth except that in the years of the global financial crisis in 2007, 2008, and 2010, and among the five transportation industries, the rail and water sectors show the highest productivity growth in 2011.

中国“新能源矿产目录”厘定研究

全球能源体系正在加速从传统能源向新能源转变,新能源产业发展需要的矿产资源已成为大国博弈的焦点。科学厘定我国“新能源矿产目录”,对于保障国家能源安全和经济安全意义重大。首先,界定了新能源、新能源“产-储-运-用”体系、新能源矿产的概念,据此进一步提出了涵盖重要性、关键性及新能源领域对矿产需求影响程度3个维度的中国“新能源矿产目录”评价体系和评价方法;然后,按照“产-储-运-用”的4大环节梳理出新能源领域主要使用的43种矿产作为备选矿产清单,并通过系统评价确定了涵盖锂、铜、钒、硅(高纯石英)、钕、镝、镨、铽、铀、铂等19种矿产的中国“新能源矿产目录”;最后,分析了我国新能源矿产的供应保障情况,指出我国8种新能源矿产高度紧缺、依赖进口,另外11种矿产目前能够保障需求,未来极有可能面临供不应求、依赖进口的局面,亟需提前布局,加大勘查开发和投资力度,确保国家新能源矿产资源稳定供应。

ZTE Unveils Next Generation iCTN Transport Network Solution and Flagship Product ZXONE 5800 at MWC Barcelona 2009

ZTE Corporation (ZTE),a leading global provider of telecommunications equipment and network solutions,shined at the Mobile World Congress (MWC) 2009 by rolling out its next generation intelligent Converged Transport

Phosphatidylglycerol-containing ER-transport vesicles built and restore outer mitochondrial membrane and deliver nuclear DNA translation products to generate cardiolipin in the inner mitochondrial membrane

Phosphatidylglycerol (PG) an important membrane phospholipid required for the synthesis of diphos-phatidylglycerol (DPG) commonly known as cardiolipin (CL) was identified in the fraction of endo-plasmic reticulum (ER)-derived transport vesicles which had no affinity for Golgi. The vesicles were produced in the presence of Brefeldin A (BFA), the agent known to inhibit ER-Golgi transport, and found to display affinity to mitochondria. The analysis revealed that their cargo was not containing proteins that are transported to Golgi, and that their membrane was free of phosphatidylinositol (PI) and ceramides (Cer). The incubation of PG-containing transport vesicles with mitochondria afforded incorporation of their membrane into the Outer Mito-chondrial Membrane (OMM) and formation of lyso-phosphatidylglycerol (LPG). In turn, upon further incubation with fresh transport active cytosol, the mitochondrial LPG was converted to PG. The results of analysis of the OMM, Inner Mitochondrial Mem-brane (IMM) and Inner Mitochondrial Space Components (IMSC) strongly suggest that PG-containing transport vesicles deliver nuclear DNA translation products to the IMSC and thus facilitate CL synthesis in the IMM. In summary, our studies provide evidence that ER-generated PG-enriched transport vesicles represent the general pathway for restitution of mitochondrial membranes and the delivery of nuclear DNA translation products that generate CL, and thus sustain the mitochondrial matrix CL-dependent metabolic reactions.

APPLICATION OF CONVECTION-DIFFUSION EQUATION TO THEANALYSES OF CONTAMINATION BETWEEN BATCHESIN MULTI-PRODUCTS PIPELINE TRANSPORT

Contamination between batches in multi-products pipeline transport is studied. The influences of convection and diffusion on the contamination are studied in detail. Diffusion equations, which are mainly controlled by convection, are developed under turbulent pipe flow. The diffusion equation is separated into a pure convection equation and a pure diffusion equation which are solved by characteristics method and finite difference method respectively to obtain numerical solutions. The results of numerical computation explain the forming and developing of contamination very well.

土壤厚度演化模型理论方法研究进展

全球平均土壤厚度仅约为1 m,但土壤厚度的空间分布信息在地貌、生态及水文科学等领域的研究和实践中具有重要价值。由于其具有显著的空间异质性,基于现有土壤制图产品、地球物理勘测及经验统计模型难以获取流域尺度土壤厚度分布信息,亟待发展土壤厚度预测的过程机理模型。本文回顾了土壤厚度演化模型理论方法的研究进展,评价了不同土壤生成及输移模型的适用性。研究指出土壤化学风化成土等机理仍不清晰是制约模型发展的理论瓶颈。此外,模型的方法体系仍需完善,亟待进一步发展描述土壤生成和输移的函数形式及其参数的估计方法等,指出物理与随机结合的模拟方法以及基于数学物理途径的参数确定方法等有望解决模型应用中遇到的难题。最后,在土壤厚度演化模型基础上,提出发展基于流域协同演化理论的土壤发生学模型是定量预测土壤理化全要素发生所亟需突破的难点之一。

新质生产力发展视域下对智慧公路的认识与思考

新质生产力的加快布局为智慧公路发展带来了新的动力,智慧公路是新质生产力在交通运输领域的重要应用形态之一。针对目前智慧公路建设中存在的缺少对基础理论的系统解读、对新形势下发展态势评估不足等问题,在概述新质生产力发展形势与要求的基础上,利用内涵外延分析、黄金思维圈模型分析、SWOT态势分析、颠覆性创新辨识等方法对新质生产力视域下智慧公路发展的基础理论与发展态势进行研究。系统解读智慧公路“人享其行、物畅其流”的本质发展目标、“两阶段三步走”的战略部署和8个方面的重点任务,明确新形势下智慧公路发展的广阔前景和需要避免的劣势和风险,展望了公路交通大模型等10个新质生产力萌芽的发展方向,最后给出了辨识并培育新质生产力、注重道路使用者体验、创新投融资体系等8条可持续发展的建议,为新形势下智慧公路的发展提供理论支持。

基于电-热特性的质子交换膜电解槽模型研究进展

“电-氢”转换为能源领域低碳转型提供了一种新型、绿色、高效的解决方案,质子交换膜电解槽因具备产氢纯度高、制氢效率优、高度集成化以及与波动性电源耦合程度好等优点而备受关注,模型构建是对其机理研究、特性分析、系统运行控制模拟的重要手段。基于质子交换膜电解槽电化学特性和热传输特性,对国内外已有的质子交换膜电解槽电化学模型和热传输模型建模方法进行综述,并简要分析多物理场耦合模型研究进展,对未来质子交换膜电解槽建模研究发展方向进行展望。

南粳系列超级稻品种灌浆期光合产物的分配特性

【目的】研究南粳系列超级稻灌浆期光合产物转运和分配及相关基因表达量的变化特性及其与对照品种的差异,总结南粳系列超级稻高产的生理优势,为优质高产粳稻的培育提供理论依据。【方法】采用南粳5718、南粳晶谷、南粳3908和南粳5055为研究对象,以淮稻5号为对照,在孕穗期、开花期以及开花后每隔7 d至成熟期测定剑叶光合速率、地上部干物质分配和转运,以及剑叶和籽粒发育不同时期物质转运相关基因的表达量,统计产量差异。【结果】南粳系列超级稻产量和千粒重高于淮稻5号,其剑叶净光合速率在孕穗期和花后28 d显著高于淮稻5号。在物质转运方面,南粳系列超级稻开花后茎叶干重、叶片输出量、输出率和转运率显著高于淮稻5号,其中南粳5718叶片输出量和输出率最高。南粳5718剑叶中与淀粉降解和糖类代谢相关基因(OsSPS1,OsSUT2,OsGWD1)的表达比其他品种启动早,最高表达量也高于其他品种。籽粒中SWEET基因在灌浆早期的蔗糖转运过程中扮演重要角色,中后期OsPK3、OsSUT1、OsSUT2基因在糖类的运输卸载中发挥重要作用,OsAGPL2和OsDPE1基因在中后期淀粉合成中发挥重要作用,南粳5718、南粳晶谷、南粳3908籽粒中与淀粉合成和糖类运输的相关基因在不同时期的表达量显著高于淮稻5号。【结论】南粳系列超级稻较高的产量在物质转运方面主要有以下特征:茎秆和叶片物质积累量多,穗积累量大,叶片和茎秆物质转运率高;叶片中蔗糖代谢和转运相关基因表达量高,有利于蔗糖在源端的合成、装载和转运;籽粒中蔗糖转运和淀粉合成相关基因表达量高,有利于蔗糖在库端的卸载及籽粒中淀粉的合成。

考虑物流时效的电商农产品供应链演化博弈研究

针对直播电商背景下农产品供应链中存在的生鲜农产品到货不及时以及消费者购买意向低等问题,对电商平台、物流企业和消费者构建三方演化博弈模型,分析各方的博弈行为和演化稳定策略。根据市场上物流企业存在的时效性较差和较好两种情形,运用MATLAB软件进行数值仿真,探究在不同主播努力水平下影响该动态系统演化趋势及演化稳定策略的关键因素。研究发现:平台押金和物流期望满意值的变化在物流时效性较差时影响物流企业和消费者的策略选择;主播佣金比率和平台增值服务投入与电商平台选择高效运营的概率在物流时效性较好时呈负相关关系;减少消费者增值服务有利于平台长期发展和降本增效。研究结果结合直播电商运营情况对农产品供应链提出建议。

“双碳”目标下氢能产业技术发展分析

氢能作为清洁、高效的能源,对于实现全球能源转型和碳中和目标至关重要.随着全球能源需求增长和气候变暖挑战,世界各国都在积极推动能源绿色转型.氢能不仅可替代部分化石燃料,还是可再生能源的有效补充.近年来,全球能源领域正在经历绿色转型,氢能产业得到长足发展,其在交通、储能、工业等方面应用范围得到显著增长.从分析氢能产业技术入手,总结国内外氢能产业发展现状,梳理目前氢能产业面临的问题,展望氢能产业未来发展方向,全面阐述氢能链发展进展.未来,氢能预计将成为全球能源转型和实现气候目标的关键力量,促进清洁能源应用,为经济带来新增长点,对缓解气候变暖和提升能源安全具有重要意义.

车用氢能发展难点与对策

“双碳”目标背景下,国内加快能源转型步伐,交通运输业作为第三大碳排放行业,加快向电、氢转型。分析了国内氢燃料电池汽车和加氢站的发展现状,从产业链的角度深入剖析了国内车用氢能发展的“车贵”“氢贵”“站贵”等三大痛点,认为深层次的原因是燃料电池、车辆生产和加氢站设备生产存在技术瓶颈,关键零部件仍然依赖进口,加氢站建设及运营成本高,电解水等制氢成本高等。最后,从行业发展的角度,分别提出了降低车用氢能成本的突破路径,指导行业良性发展。

Simulating Transport Capacity, Delivery Speed, and Routing Efficiency to Predict Economic Growth

This study uses a simulation-based approach to investigate the impact of delivery delays due to constraints on transport capacity, transit speed, and routing efficiencies on an economy with various levels of interdependency among firms. The simulation uses object-oriented programming to create specialized production, consumption, and transportation classes. A set of objects from each class is distributed randomly on a 2D plane. A road network is then established between fixed objects using Prim’s MST (Minimum Spanning Tree) algorithm, followed by construction of an all-pair shortest path matrix using the Floyd Warshall algorithm. A genetic algorithm-based vehicle routing problem solver employs the all-pair shortest path matrix to best plan multiple pickup and delivery orders. Production units utilize economic order quantities (EOQ) and reorder points (ROP) to manage inventory levels. Hicksian and Marshallian demand functions are utilized by consumption units to maximize personal utility. The transport capacity, transit speed, routing efficiency, and level of interdependence serve as 4 factors in the simulation, each assigned 3 distinct levels. Federov’s exchange algorithm is used to generate an orthogonal array to reduce the number of combination replays from 34 to just 9. The simulation results of a 9-run orthogonal array on an economy with 6 mining facilities, 12 industries, 8 market centers, and 8 transport hubs show that the level of firm interdependence, followed by transit speed, has the most significant impact on economic productivity. The principal component analysis (PCA) indicates that interdependence and transit speed can explain 90.27% of the variance in the data. According to the findings of this research, a dependable and efficient regional transportation network among various types of industries is critical for regional economic development.

混合式教学模式下“园艺产品贮运学”课程思政的探索与实践

课程思政是当前高等院校实现“三全育人”和落实“立德树人”根本任务的重要举措。“园艺产品贮运学”课程内容与国家战略决策、经济发展、科技研发、环境保护、个人职业发展等方面密切相关,是进行课程思政的理想载体。以“园艺产品贮运学”课程为例,从思政育人目标的定位、课程思政元素的挖掘与融入、混合式教学模式的设计与应用、思政育人成效的评估与反馈等方面进行课程思政改革和实践,建立“线上线下相结合、课内课外相配合、育才育人相融合、多维评价相促进”的“三合一促”课程思政教学体系,旨在实现知识传授和价值引领有机统一,提高人才培养质量。

发展交通运输领域新质生产力的内在逻辑、作用机理与推进路径

以新质生产力推动交通运输高质量发展是理论演进、技术变革、宏观要求和行业转型等共同的方向,在逻辑上有其必然性。通过分析交通运输与新质生产力的作用机理,认为发展交通运输领域新质生产力与加快建设交通强国、构建现代综合交通运输体系一脉相承,是交通运输高质量发展途径、方法的呈现形式,交通运输对于其他领域新质生产力培育也有很大的助力。新质生产力在交通运输领域的表现形式有交通运输新技术(新动能)、新模式(新业态)、新产业等三种。结合新质生产力对劳动者、生产资料和劳动对象的新要求,从人才、技术、产业和市场等角度研究并提出了交通运输领域新质生产力的推进路径,为发展交通运输领域新质生产力、推动交通运输高质量发展提供参考。

新质生产力视角下航空运输研究生高质量培养路径探究

航空运输研究生培养高质量发展是加快形成低空经济等新质生产力的重要基础。面对新一轮产业革命和科技革命向航空运输产业的渗透,航空运输研究生培养面临着专业博士学位结构不完善、跨学科交叉融合培养不充分、产教融合科教融汇不深入等诸多现实的困境,无法响应国家战略发展的现实需求。为此,高校需要构建跨学科人才培养体系,打破学科专业壁垒,升级多学科交叉培养;优化教学体系,紧密对接行业技术前沿,建设教学案例库;建立综合校企实践教研平台,依托产业有力支撑,优化多主体协同机制,提升航空运输高层次人才的培养能力,为加快促进新质生产力提供强劲动能。