Assessing and Improving the Quality of Undergraduates in Preschool Education Programs in China:The Course Experience

This study investigated the current status of course satisfaction among 416 undergraduate students majoring in preschool education from four universities in China.And it explored the predictive effects of five influencing factors(teacher instruction,course management,course setting,course environment,and course resources)on student satisfaction.Through SPSS data analysis,the findings revealed that:1.the mean value of course experience was M=3.861(out of 5);2.there were differences in the satisfaction of undergraduate students'course experience by different background variables;3.course,course resources,and loyalty had significant predictive power on undergraduate students'satisfaction with course experience;4.instructor instruction(TI)did not significantly predict students'satisfaction with course experience(SCES)(p>0.001);5.Faculty instruction(TI)in this study had the highest mean satisfaction score(M=4.191)and the mean satisfaction score was only(M=3.861).The results show that the current status of course satisfaction among Chinese preschool undergraduates is at an moderate level,and there is more space for improvement;although students'satisfaction with teacher instruction(TI)is high,effective teacher instruction does not have a substantial impact on the acquisition of SCES or general competencies,and this passive learning and teaching style leads to a lack of independent learning and active participation among Chinese preschool undergraduate students.

Statistical Analysis of Students’Learning Effectiveness in Online Courses Offered by British Partners in China-UK Joint Education Program

In the context of internationalization,China-UK Joint Education Programs are receiving increasing attention from universities.Based on the difficulties faced in China-UK Joint Education Program,this paper adopts a questionnaire survey method to study the learning effectiveness of students majoring in digital media technology in the China-UK Joint Education Program at Guangxi University of Finance and Economics,focusing on four aspects:learning materials,learning content,teacher conditions,and student learning outcomes.The research analysis in this paper not only provides strong support for the construction of China-UK Joint Education Program but also offers references for other China-UK Joint Education Programs.

Compliance to Medication Management and Mental Health Status of Elderly Hypertensive Patients: Basis of Educational Health Program

Objective:The study aimed to assess medication management compliance and mental health in elderly patients with hypertension.Method:The study evaluated medication compliance and mental health status of elderly hypertensive patients in China using simple random sampling.Data was collected using the Morisky Medication Compliance Questionnaire,Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale,and a checklist.Ethical practices were strictly observed.Results:A study of 100 elderly hypertensive patients found poor drug management compliance,with female patients showing worse compliance.Female patients were more vulnerable to anxiety and depression.The study also found no significant association between gender,age,education level,marital status,living standards,and medication compliance.Barriers to medication management included food and daily necessities,lack of awareness about the importance of drug treatment,and basic family needs.The lowest-ranked barriers were lack of support from government health clinics,low income,and lack of family support.Conclusion:Based on the results,the study proposes an educational plan for elderly hypertensive patients and their families,to be evaluated and implemented by the hospital and township community service center.The plan aims to improve medication management and lifestyle modification compliance,encourage active participation,and provide access to medical and mental health clinics,support groups,and counseling services.

Effect of Health Education Program on Self-Efficacy and Functional Capacity of Patients with Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery in Khartoum State-Sudan, 2015-2019

Coronary heart disease is among the most prevalent and costly of all global health problems. Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) has been increasingly used since the 1960s. Coronary heart disease is a leading cause of death worldwide, including Sudan. Self-efficacy and functional capacity is a critical factor for quality of life in patients who has undergone CABG as well as for their caregivers from their families. Aim of the Study: To explore the effects of an educational program on self-efficacy and functional capacity of patients after CABG. 1) There will be no significant difference between the intervention group and control group concerning knowledge regarding Self-efficacy and functional capacity post CABG surgery. 2) The application of our educational program for the patients will enhance the patients with CABG surgery and improve knowledge about Self-efficacy and functional capacity post CABG surgery. 3) There are some socio demographic factors that affect the response to the educational program. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental, interventional and hospital-based study, including pre-test, a post-test and follow-up test, with a control group, conducted during the period from September 2014 to June 2019. Patients were recruited consecutively to the cases and control group using convenience sampling. The sample consisted of 76 patients;41 as cases and 35 as control group. The sample included those who had undergone CABG in Khartoum State. Relevant data were collected using a checklist to monitor the effect of a health education program on self-efficacy and functional capacity of the patients. Result: The results showed marked improvement in patients’ self-efficacy and functional capacity between pretest and posttest for the study group;p-value = (0.001) in the health status of cases in comparison to the control group. The indices were observed to be higher for patients who received a nursing educational program throughout the study period;p-value = (0.002).

Effect of Medication Safety Education Program on Intensive Care Nurses’ Knowledge regarding Medication Errors

Background: Medication errors are the iceberg of patient safety in hospitals and leading cause of morbidity and mortality among patients. Objectives: The study aim was to evaluate the effect of an educational program of medication safety on the knowledge of critical care nurses regarding intravenous medication errors. Methods Design: There are one group pretest and posttest designs. Subject: A convenient sample of all registered nurses (52) works in Palestine Medical Complex. Data collection tools: A self-administered knowledge determination questionnaire consists of both qualitative and quantitative statements to measure level of knowledge, used as data collection tool in pre and post educational sessions, with educational booklet as intervention tool. Statistical analysis: Data were analyzed with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences Software Version 18. The results are presented as frequency & percentage as appropriate at alpha level of P < 0.05;inferential statistics were generated. Paired t-test was used to perform the comparisons. Results: There was statistically significant difference in the knowledge level for the intensive care unit’s nurses regarding the intravenous medication administration during pre and post education program. Statistical analysis showed that there was a statistically significant between age, educational degree, critical units/wards, years of nursing experience and previous medication administration education program of the nurses and their knowledge during different phases of program intervention. Conclusion: Educational program on medication safety improves the knowledge of critical care nurses regarding intravenous medication errors. This study recommends that medication errors should be periodically assessed by improving clinical guidelines of medication administration.

Verifying the Effects of an Education Program Leveraging Information Technology to Promote Cervical Cancer Screening in Women Aged 20 - 29—A One-Year Longitudinal Study

The purpose of this research is to implement an IT-based education program in order to promote cervical cancer screenings for women aged 20 - 29 years, as well as to examine the results of said program. This is a longitudinal/comparative study of two groups, one for which the program was implemented (the intervention group), and the other for which it was not (the control group). The program consisted of attending a health lecture and encouragement to be screened one month, six months, and one year later sent through IT-based methods. The target was unmarried women aged 20 - 29 who had neither previously given birth nor had been screened for cervical cancer in a period one year prior. They were divided into two groups, the intervention group (n = 142) and control group (n = 145). The effectiveness of the program was assessed via an initial survey and further surveys six months and one year later. Results were based on the Japanese version of the Health Belief Model Scale for Cervical Cancer and the Pap Smear Test (HBMSCCPST), knowledge scores in the categories of Healthy Lifestyles, Cervical Cancer, Cervical Cancer Screening, and screening behavior. A two-way ANOVA of the HBMSCCPST subscales and knowledge scores in the initial, six-month, and one-year surveys was performed, showing interaction in Cervical Cancer (p = 0.00). Main effects were observed in Cervical Cancer Screening (p = 0.00) and Healthy Lifestyles (p = 0.00). Regarding the amount of change from the initial survey, knowledge scores in the Cervical Cancer (p = 0.027) and Cervical Cancer Screening (p = 0.016) categories were significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group. There was no significant difference in cervical cancer screening rates (p = 0.26) between the two groups. However, a small-degree effect size was observed for Benefits, Seriousness, and Susceptibility subscales in both examinees and non-examinees. Although the educational program of this study was effective in improving the knowledge of women in their twenties, there was little improvement in HBMSCCPST and it did not lead to the promotion of cervical cancer screening. In order to raise interest in cervical cancer screening, it is necessary to consider useful content to guide women to consult with healthcare professionals, a long-term population approach, and organizational structure of consultation.

An effective Australian-Chinese peer education program on HIV/AIDS/STDs for university students in China

IntroductionCurrently, there are at least 850,000 people living with human immuno-deficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in China. Among them 16-29 years old account for about 65%. According to the Chinese health authorities, if the preventive measures are not effective, the figure could reach as many as 10 million by the year 2010[1]. Since there are currently no cure or vaccines for HIV/AIDS, changing people's high-risk behaviors is the main approach that is taken to slow down the epidemic. This can be done through effective HIV/AIDS education, especially for young people. In 1997, a 4-year adolescent HIV/AIDS peer education program was introduced to in Beijing and Shanghai, which was based on a successful Australian model developed by Professor Roger Short, in which senior medical students were trained and used as peer educators to teach their junior peers about HIV/AIDS[2].……

Impact of Educational Programs about Methods of Assessment of Fetal Wellbeing during Pregnancy among Staff Nurses

Objective: Aims of the study are to study the impact of increased knowledge and awareness among staff nurses towards assessment of methods of fetal wellbeing to early identification of pregnancy outcomes and the frequency of interventions during delivery. Design: A quasi-experimental design was used in carrying out the study to impact knowledge and awareness assessment of methods of fetal wellbeing among staff nurses. The study was conducted at obstetric & gynecological department working at setting in Jarsh Governorate Hospitals & Prince Hussein Bin Abdullah Hospitals. Methods: The study sample consisted of all staff nurses working at obstetric & gynecological department in Jarsh Governorate Hospital & Prince Hussein Bin Abdullah Hospitals who have agreed to participate in the study. The current study has included 150 staff types of sample convenient sample. Results: The main findings of this study showed that there is a highly statistical significance differences between pre-test and post-test in all answers regarding knowledge about methods of fetal wellbeing assessment. Conclusion: Nurses have a major role to prevent the complication for the fetus and mother during pregnancy. Nurses coming in contact with the antenatal mothers should take initiative to provide necessary information to the women and the relatives on different methods used for the assessment of fetal wellbeing, so as to improve the quality of life among the pregnant women. For that they should adequate knowledge about all the aspects of fetal wellbeing, so that they can prevent the complication.

2018 MOFCOM Academic Education Programs

The Academic Education Programs sponsored by the Ministry of Commerce of China is designed to nurture high-end business officials and managerial personnel from recipient countries, offering one-year and two-year master programs as well as three-year doctoral programs for those working in the applied fields of government, trade, foreign affairs, agriculture, technology, education, culture and health.

TO MAKE A GOOD JOB OF THE POST-GRADUATE EDUCATION PROGRAM AT THE CAS

The Chinese Academy of Sciences is the top R&D base in the land as well as an incubator for breeding high ranking qualified personnel.The post-graduate education program at the CAS is an important field in the cultivation of Chinese junior scientists.Started in 1955,the program has lasted more than 40 years.As a result of its repeated exploration and practice,the program has initially formed its own character and educational superiority,cultivated a great number of top-grade professionals and infused them into the theatre of economic reconstruction throughout the Country.The following is a brief introduction to the CAS program.

The Synergized Quality Improvement Program in Teacher Education:A Policy for Improving the Quality of China's Rural Teachers

Purpose This study elucidates the rationale,implementation,values,and challenges of the Synergized Quality Improvement Program in Teacher Education(SQIPTE)—the first policy specifically dedicated to the development of teaching staff since the founding of the People's Republic of China.Design/Approach/Methods After introducing the primary structure and rationale of the SQIPTE,this study reviews the existing data and research to explain why the program focuses on local normal colleges and determine how it could be implemented more effectively.Findings In establishing group-based assistance under the principle of“1+M+N”(M≥N),the SQIPTE seeks to make normal colleges the primary force in the education of rural teachers and explores a collaborative operating mechanism to this end.Evidence suggests that this innovative program will provide new practical experience for the collaborative development and quality improvement of teachers.Originality/Value This study reviews the SQIPTE as a new Chinese intervention to improve the quality of rural teachers.There is strong evidence to suggest that this innovative program will inspire the construction of collaborative operating mechanisms incorporating multiple resources for teacher education systems across different areas.

New Nurse Perceptions of Preparedness: Elements of Academic-Practice Gap

The education-practice gap, also known as the academic-practice gap is recognized as the difference between what a nursing student is taught and what the new nurse will experience in practice. This study evaluated specific education outcomes of schools of nursing in New Hampshire through surveys of new nurses and their employers. The responses were explored in relation to identified factors such as curriculum and clinical hours. The findings suggest that the new nurses felt prepared for practice, except in relationship to provision of care and medication administration for six or more patients. Of note is that 61% percent of participants were involved in errors and of these, 37.5% indicated that their education did not prepare them to administer medications to large groups. Evaluation of employer responses points to at least one and sometimes two levels of lower perception of perceived preparedness by the employer. The results highlight the differences between perceptions of preparedness of new nurse and employer, differences in perception of preparedness based on program type for specific gap elements, and the high rate of errors among new nurses. These results underscore the need for further research regarding the education practice gap, error factors, perceptions of preparedness for practice, and practice-readiness expectations of employers.

Short Text Mining for Classifying Educational Objectives and Outcomes

Most of the international accreditation bodies in engineering education(e.g.,ABET)and outcome-based educational systems have based their assess-ments on learning outcomes and program educational objectives.However,map-ping program educational objectives(PEOs)to student outcomes(SOs)is a challenging and time-consuming task,especially for a new program which is applying for ABET-EAC(American Board for Engineering and Technology the American Board for Engineering and Technology—Engineering Accreditation Commission)accreditation.In addition,ABET needs to automatically ensure that the mapping(classification)is reasonable and correct.The classification also plays a vital role in the assessment of students’learning.Since the PEOs are expressed as short text,they do not contain enough semantic meaning and information,and consequently they suffer from high sparseness,multidimensionality and the curse of dimensionality.In this work,a novel associative short text classification tech-nique is proposed to map PEOs to SOs.The datasets are extracted from 152 self-study reports(SSRs)that were produced in operational settings in an engineering program accredited by ABET-EAC.The datasets are processed and transformed into a representational form appropriate for association rule mining.The extracted rules are utilized as delegate classifiers to map PEOs to SOs.The proposed asso-ciative classification of the mapping of PEOs to SOs has shown promising results,which can simplify the classification of short text and avoid many problems caused by enriching short text based on external resources that are not related or relevant to the dataset.

Intraoperative ultrasound as an educational guide for laparoscopic biliary surgery

AIM: To analyze the efficacy of routine intraoperative ultrasound (IOUS) as a guide for understanding biliary tract anatomy, to avoid bile duct injury (BDI) after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC), as well as any burden during the learning period. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed using 644 consecutive patients who underwent LC from 1991 to 2006. An educational program with the use of IOUS as an operative guide has been used in 276 cases since 1998. RESULTS: IOUS was highly feasible even in patients with high-grade cholecystitis. No BDI was observed after the introduction of the educational program, despite 72% of operations being performed by inexperienced surgeons. Incidences of other morbidity, mortality, and late complications were comparable before and after the introduction of routine IOUS. However, the operation time was significantly extended after the educational program began (P < 0.001), and the grade of laparoscopic cholecystitis (P = 0.002), use of IOUS (P = 0.01), and the experience of the surgeons (P = 0.05) were significant factors for extending the length of operation. CONCLUSION: IOUS during LC was found to be a highly feasible modality, which provided accurate, real- time information about the biliary structures. Theeducational program using IOUS is expected to minimize the incidence of BDI following LC, especially when performed by less-skilled surgeons.

An Effective and Secure Quality Assurance System for a Computer Science Program

Improving the quality assurance (QA) processes and acquiring accreditation are top priorities for academic programs. The learning outcomes (LOs)assessment and continuous quality improvement represent core components ofthe quality assurance system (QAS). Current assessment methods suffer deficiencies related to accuracy and reliability, and they lack well-organized processes forcontinuous improvement planning. Moreover, the absence of automation, andintegration in QA processes forms a major obstacle towards developing efficientquality system. There is a pressing need to adopt security protocols that providerequired security services to safeguard the valuable information processed byQAS as well. This research proposes an effective methodology for LOs assessment and continuous improvement processes. The proposed approach ensuresmore accurate and reliable LOs assessment results and provides systematic wayfor utilizing those results in the continuous quality improvement. This systematicand well-specified QA processes were then utilized to model and implement automated and secure QAS that efficiently performs quality-related processes. Theproposed system adopts two security protocols that provide confidentiality, integrity, and authentication for quality data and reports. The security protocols avoidthe source repudiation, which is important in the quality reporting system. This isachieved through implementing powerful cryptographic algorithms. The QASenables efficient data collection and processing required for analysis and interpretation. It also prepares for the development of datasets that can be used in futureartificial intelligence (AI) researches to support decision making and improve thequality of academic programs. The proposed approach is implemented in a successful real case study for a computer science program. The current study servesscientific programs struggling to achieve academic accreditation, and gives rise tofully automating and integrating the QA processes and adopting modern AI andsecurity technologies to develop effective QAS.

The Role of University in the Education of Professional Accountants： Degree of IES 2 Application

In the period following the beginning of the global economic crisis, the quality of the education provided to support the accounting profession was debated. Simultaneously, Education for Sustainable Development （ESD） is becoming increasingly important. The change in the accounting profession and in accounting education offers an opportunity to formulate initial observations on the Italian university world in terms of the preparation of future professional accountants. This study uses the International Education Standards （lESs） published by the International Accounting Education Standards Board （IAESB）, in particular the IES 2 （content of professional accounting education programs）. The aim of the paper, which is of an empirical nature, is to understand the role of universities in Italy in the preparation of accountants in the light of the IES 2 provisions. The study and its policy implications may contribute to the debate on accounting education at national and international levels, also in the light of ESD.

深化临床医学教育改革培养造就服务健康中国需求的卓越医师

本文围绕如何培养造就服务健康中国需求的卓越医师,从卓越医生教育培养计划着手,以临床医学专业学位教育和临床医学八年制培养改革为例,夯实高校附属医院医学人才培养主阵地,分析卓越医师培养和卓越医师科学家培养有效途径。

MET as Program Resources for College English Teaching and Learning：Application and Implications

This paper investigates the current situation of Modern Educational Technology （MET） as program resources for college English teaching, exploring the effectiveness of the integration of MET and language teaching and learning. The case study in this paper illustrates that MET does benefit college English teaching but there are many problems of its application. Pedagogical implications are then provided to enhance the effective integration of MET and language teaching and learning： （1） it is wise for the teachers and learners to reconcile what is desirable with what is acceptable and possible in MET application; （2） teachers should optimize other existing resources to solve the problems caused by inequality and unavailability of MET; （3） teachers should have a clear conception of the relationship of MET and pedagogy to design and apply courseware appropriately; （4） students have beliefs in the benefits of MET, resulting in enhancing their individual language learning and efficiency.

A Multi-Attribute Decision-Making Method Using Belief-Based Probabilistic Linguistic Term Sets and Its Application in Emergency Decision-Making

Probabilistic linguistic term sets(PLTSs)are an effective tool for expressing subjective human cognition that offer advantages in the field ofmulti-attribute decision-making(MADM).However,studies have found that PLTSs have lost their ability to accurately capture the views of decision-makers(DMs)in certain circumstances,such as when the DM hesitates between multiple linguistic terms or the decision information is incomplete,thus affecting their role in the decision-making process.Belief function theory is a leading streamof thought in uncertainty processing that is suitable for dealing with the limitations of PLTS.Therefore,the purpose of this study is to extend PLTS to incorporate belief function theory.First,we provide the basic concepts of the extended PLTS(i.e.,belief-based PLTS)through case analyses.Second,the aggregation operator of belief-based PLTS is defined with the ordered weighted average(OWA)-based soft likelihood function,which is improved by considering the reliability of the information source.Third,to measure the magnitude of different belief-based PLTSs,the belief interval of singleton is calculated,and the comparison method of belief-based PLTS is constructed based on probabilities.On the basis of the preceding discussion,we further develop an emergency decision framework that includes several novel techniques,such as attribute weight determination and decision information aggregation.Finally,the usefulness of the framework is demonstrated through a case study,and its effectiveness is illustrated through a series of comparisons.

Baicalin suppresses iron accumulation after substantia nigra injury: relationship between iron concentration and transferrin expression

Previous studies have shown that baicalin prevented iron accumulation after substantia nigra injury, reduced divalent metal transporter 1 expression, and increased ferroportin 1 expression in the substantia nigra of rotenone-induced Parkinson＇s disease rats. In the current study, we investigated the relationship between iron accumulation and transferrin expression in C6 cells, to explore the mechanisms of the inhibitory effect of baicalin on iron accumulation observed in Parkinson＇s disease rats. Iron content was detected using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy. Results showed that iron content decreased 41% after blocking divalent metal transporter 1 and ferroportin 1 proteins. After treatment with ferric ammonium citrate of differing concentrations （10, 50, 100, 400 ktg/mL） in C6 glioma cells, cell survival rate and ferroportin 1 expression were negatively correlated with ferric ammonium citrate concentration, but divalent metal transporter 1 expression positively correlated with ferric ammonium citrate concentration. Baicalin or deferoxamine reduced divalent metal transporter 1 expression, but increased ferroportin 1 expression in the 100 μg/mL ferric ammonium citrate-loaded C6 cells. These results indicate that baicalin down-regulated iron concentration, which positively regulat- ed divalent metal transporter 1 expression and negatively regulated ferroportin 1 expression, and decreased iron accumulation in the substantia nigra.