Cyberattacks targeting industrial control systems(ICS)are becoming more sophisticated and advanced than in the past.A programmable logic controller(PLC),a core component of ICS,controls and monitors sensors and actuat...Cyberattacks targeting industrial control systems(ICS)are becoming more sophisticated and advanced than in the past.A programmable logic controller(PLC),a core component of ICS,controls and monitors sensors and actuators in the field.However,PLC has memory attack threats such as program injection and manipulation,which has long been a major target for attackers,and it is important to detect these attacks for ICS security.To detect PLC memory attacks,a security system is required to acquire and monitor PLC memory directly.In addition,the performance impact of the security system on the PLC makes it difficult to apply to the ICS.To address these challenges,this paper proposes a system to detect PLC memory attacks by continuously acquiring and monitoring PLC memory.The proposed system detects PLC memory attacks by acquiring the program blocks and block information directly from the same layer as the PLC and then comparing them in bytes with previous data.Experiments with Siemens S7-300 and S7-400 PLC were conducted to evaluate the PLC memory detection performance and performance impact on PLC.The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed system detects all malicious organization block(OB)injection and data block(DB)manipulation,and the increment of PLC cycle time,the impact on PLC performance,was less than 1 ms.The proposed system detects PLC memory attacks with a simpler detection method than earlier studies.Furthermore,the proposed system can be applied to ICS with a small performance impact on PLC.展开更多
This paper proposes to adopt SCADA and PLC technology for the improvement of the performance of real time signaling&train control systems in metro railways.The main concern of this paper is to minimize the failure...This paper proposes to adopt SCADA and PLC technology for the improvement of the performance of real time signaling&train control systems in metro railways.The main concern of this paper is to minimize the failure in automated metro railways system operator and integrate the information coming from Operational Control Centre(OCC),traction SCADA system,traction power control,and power supply system.This work presents a simulated prototype of an automated metro train system operator that uses PLC and SCADA for the real time monitoring and control of the metro railway systems.Here,SCADA is used for the visualization of an automated process operation and then the whole opera-tion is regulated with the help of PLC.The PLC used in this process is OMRON(NX1P2-9024DT1)and OMRON’s Sysmac studio programming software is used for developing the ladder logic of PLC.The metro railways system has deployed infrastructure based on SCADA from the power supply system,and each station’s traction power control is connected to the OCC remotely which commands all of the stations and has the highest command priority.An alarm is triggered in the event of an emergency or system congestion.This proposed system overcomes the drawbacks of the current centralized automatic train control(CATC)system.This system provides prominent benefits like augmenting services which may enhance a network’s full load capacity and networkflexibility,which help in easy modification in the existing program at any time.展开更多
An intelligent fuzzy logic inference pipeline for the control of a dc-dc buck-boost converter was designed and built using a semi-custom VLSI chip. The fuzzy linguistics describing the switching topologies of the conv...An intelligent fuzzy logic inference pipeline for the control of a dc-dc buck-boost converter was designed and built using a semi-custom VLSI chip. The fuzzy linguistics describing the switching topologies of the converter was mapped into a look-up table that was synthesized into a set of Boolean equations. A VLSI chip–a field programmable gate array (FPGA) was used to implement the Boolean equations. Features include the size of RAM chip independent of number of rules in the knowledge base, on-chip fuzzification and defuzzification, faster response with speeds over giga fuzzy logic inferences per sec (FLIPS), and an inexpensive VLSI chip. The key application areas are: 1) on-chip integrated controllers;and 2) on-chip co-integration for entire system of sensors, circuits, controllers, and detectors for building complete instrument systems.展开更多
基金supported by the Korea WESTERN POWER(KOWEPO)(2022-Commissioned Research-11,Development of Cyberattack Detection Technology for New and Renewable Energy Control System Using AI(Artificial Intelligence),50%)the Institute of Information&Communications Technology Planning&Evaluation(IITP)grant funded by the Korea government(MSIT)(No.2021-0-01806,Development of Security by Design and Security Management Technology in Smart Factory,40%)the Gachon University Research Fund of 2023(GCU-202110280001,10%).
文摘Cyberattacks targeting industrial control systems(ICS)are becoming more sophisticated and advanced than in the past.A programmable logic controller(PLC),a core component of ICS,controls and monitors sensors and actuators in the field.However,PLC has memory attack threats such as program injection and manipulation,which has long been a major target for attackers,and it is important to detect these attacks for ICS security.To detect PLC memory attacks,a security system is required to acquire and monitor PLC memory directly.In addition,the performance impact of the security system on the PLC makes it difficult to apply to the ICS.To address these challenges,this paper proposes a system to detect PLC memory attacks by continuously acquiring and monitoring PLC memory.The proposed system detects PLC memory attacks by acquiring the program blocks and block information directly from the same layer as the PLC and then comparing them in bytes with previous data.Experiments with Siemens S7-300 and S7-400 PLC were conducted to evaluate the PLC memory detection performance and performance impact on PLC.The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed system detects all malicious organization block(OB)injection and data block(DB)manipulation,and the increment of PLC cycle time,the impact on PLC performance,was less than 1 ms.The proposed system detects PLC memory attacks with a simpler detection method than earlier studies.Furthermore,the proposed system can be applied to ICS with a small performance impact on PLC.
文摘This paper proposes to adopt SCADA and PLC technology for the improvement of the performance of real time signaling&train control systems in metro railways.The main concern of this paper is to minimize the failure in automated metro railways system operator and integrate the information coming from Operational Control Centre(OCC),traction SCADA system,traction power control,and power supply system.This work presents a simulated prototype of an automated metro train system operator that uses PLC and SCADA for the real time monitoring and control of the metro railway systems.Here,SCADA is used for the visualization of an automated process operation and then the whole opera-tion is regulated with the help of PLC.The PLC used in this process is OMRON(NX1P2-9024DT1)and OMRON’s Sysmac studio programming software is used for developing the ladder logic of PLC.The metro railways system has deployed infrastructure based on SCADA from the power supply system,and each station’s traction power control is connected to the OCC remotely which commands all of the stations and has the highest command priority.An alarm is triggered in the event of an emergency or system congestion.This proposed system overcomes the drawbacks of the current centralized automatic train control(CATC)system.This system provides prominent benefits like augmenting services which may enhance a network’s full load capacity and networkflexibility,which help in easy modification in the existing program at any time.
文摘An intelligent fuzzy logic inference pipeline for the control of a dc-dc buck-boost converter was designed and built using a semi-custom VLSI chip. The fuzzy linguistics describing the switching topologies of the converter was mapped into a look-up table that was synthesized into a set of Boolean equations. A VLSI chip–a field programmable gate array (FPGA) was used to implement the Boolean equations. Features include the size of RAM chip independent of number of rules in the knowledge base, on-chip fuzzification and defuzzification, faster response with speeds over giga fuzzy logic inferences per sec (FLIPS), and an inexpensive VLSI chip. The key application areas are: 1) on-chip integrated controllers;and 2) on-chip co-integration for entire system of sensors, circuits, controllers, and detectors for building complete instrument systems.
