INPUT-OUTPUT MODELS OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AND ITS APPLICATION IN EVALUATING PROGRESS OF ENTERPRISE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

The method of compiling input-output models of science and technology was studied,and the application of input-output techniques in evaluating the progress of enterprise science and technology was discussed.And the models for determining direct,indirect and full contributions of the progress of enterprise science and technology have been set up which can be used to analyse and evaluate the direct,indirect and full benefits of the progress of enterprise science and technology.

Progress in Earthquake Science and Technology in China: Review and Prospects (I)

In the article the author looks back the hard development course and great progress in earthquake science and technology in China during the last near a half of century and expounds the following 3 aspects: (1) The strong desire of the whole society to mitigate seismic disasters and reduce the effect of earthquakes on social-economic live is a great driving force to push forward the development of earthquake science and technology in China; (2) To better ensure people’s life and property, sustainable economic development, and social stability is an essential purpose to drive the development of earthquake science and technology in China; and (3) To insist on the dialectical connection of setup of technical system for seismic monitoring with the scientific research of earthquakes and to better handle the relation between crucial task, current scientific level, and the feasibility are the important principles to advance the earthquake science and technology in China. Some success and many setbacks in earthquake disaster mitigation consistently enrich our knowledge regarding the complexity of the conditions for earthquake occurrence and the process of earthquake preparation, promote the reconstruction and modernization of technical system for earthquake monitoring, and deepen the scientific research of earthquakes. During the last 5 years, the improvement and modernization of technical system for earthquake monitoring have clearly provided the technical support to study and practice of earthquake prediction and precaution, give prominence to key problems and broaden the field of scientific research of earthquakes. These have enabled us to get some new recognition of the conditions for earthquake occurrence and process of earthquake preparation, characteristics of seismic disaster, and mechanism for earthquake generation in China’s continent. The progress we have made not only encourages us to enhance the effectiveness of earthquake disaster mitigation, but also provides a basis for accelerating further development of earthquake science and technology in China in the new century, especially in the 10th five-year plan. Based on the history reviewed, the author sets forth a general requirement for development of earthquake science and technology in China and brings out 10 aspects to be stressed and strengthened at present and in the future. These are: upgrade and setup of the network of digitized seismic observation ; upgrade and setup of the network for observation of seismic precursors; setup of the network for observation of strong motion; setup of the laboratories for experiment on seismic regime; establishment of technical system for seismic information, emergency command and urgent rescue; research on short-term and imminent earthquake prediction; research on intermediate- and long-term earthquake prediction; research on attenuation of seismic ground motion, mechanism for seismic disaster, and control on seismic disaster; basic research fields related to seismology and geoscience. We expect that these efforts will significantly elevate the level of earthquake science and technology in China to the advanced international level, improve theories, techniques, and methods for earthquake precaution and prediction, and enhance the effectiveness of earthquake disaster mitigation.

PROMOTING SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS

Since China initiated the policy of reform and opening,Wuxi County has gained rapid development inindustry,agriculture and all the social undertakings.It was continuously appraised as the first of“OneHundred Powerful Counties of Comprehensive Strength of Rural Economics in China”for two years.So itis called the“First County in China”.In 1994,its GNP reached 17.5 billion yuan RMB and the gross in-dustrial and agricultural output value reached 65.04 billion.Benefiting from the industry,the

Research Progress on the Development of Modern Agricultural Science and Technology Park

This paper summarizes the typical models,construction theory and development status of modern agricultural science and technology parks at home and abroad,in order to provide a reference for the sustainable development of modern agricultural science and technology parks in China.It is found that at present,the agricultural science and technology park in China is in the stage of quantitative development,neglecting the qualitative construction of the park.This paper points out that the balanced relationship among ecology,economy and society should be adjusted to promote the sustainable development of the park.

The New Understanding of Potash Development Scale and the Comprehensive Utilization of Resources in Chaerhan Salt lake

This paper briefly introduces resources characteristics and development advantages for Charhan salt lake;and elaborated the technology progress to increase potassium mining scale systematically,the impact of the

Development and application of new material and athletic sports

In today＇s world of sports competition is actually the competition of science and technology, and advanced materials are one of the important conditions for improving the level of sports science and technology. Using the method of literature and logic method, analyzes the application of material technology in competitive sports in the. The results show that： the improvement of sports performance has a strong dependence on the new material; application of new materials in competitive sports, raise the level of competitive sports, promote the development of sports. It will further promote the sports equipment, venues and other scientific.

来自多方的声音:构建中国开放科学创新生态——第十届中国开放获取推介周(China OA Week)会议综述

[目标/意义]2021年第十届中国开放获取推介周(10th China OA Week)的主题为“开放科学的意义和影响”,标志着中国最主要的开放获取平台主题正式转向开放科学,契合形势发展需要。[方法/过程]本届会议邀请到国内外的多方专家与代表,分专题探讨开放科学目标、关键问题、实践案例并提出发展建议。[结果/结论]会议呼吁构建中国开放创新生态,初步勾画出中国开放科学发展现状。响应国家提出的推动开放科学发展要求,China OA Week平台及其研讨成果将持续助力中国开放科学事业的推进。

科技助力体育的时代背景、现实困境与路径优化

在科技赋能的时代背景下,科技已成为体育领域优化和升级的重要驱动力。理清科技助力体育领域的外在条件与内生需求,科技推动体育发展变化的动力逻辑、运动场景需要的应用逻辑及体育产业转型的变革逻辑;着重以透过客观事实探究问题本原,剖析体育科技研究与应用困境的主要表现、重要问题和本质原因;在紧抓自身治理与侧重社会协同的内外路径下,结合政策手段提出综合思路对策,以此引导支持科技助力体育,持续推进体育发展。目前,体育科技战略体系在依托现有社会经济基础与分配关系上,无法支撑其克服研发应用的粗放局面,以实现长效稳态运行,这一问题解决对于体育领域各项工作能否有效实现社会化与市场化亦至关重要。在治本上,应加强民生建设,壮大实体经济,完善分配机制,合理制度安排,实现体育与民生联动发展;在治标上,集中体育科研力量于专门分工具体领域,再过渡覆盖到整个体育领域,研发体系重视基础科学研究、完善成果转化和人才绩效的评价机制。

新质生产力与体育科技创新的交互促进机理及实践路径

新质生产力作为激发体育事业高质量发展的强大动能,其与体育科技创新双向交互驱动是必然要求。从协同性视角分析了新质生产力与体育科技创新双向交互作用机制:从外在协同看,新质生产力驱动体育科技创新;从内在协同看,体育科技创新反哺新质生产力;从空间协同看,新质生产力与体育科技创新双向交互的载体多样;从目标协同看,交互价值指向体育事业高质量发展。在剖析新质生产力与体育科技创新交互驱动困境的基础上,提出具体促进路径:完善催生新质生产力的体育科技创新体制机制;推动体育科技与体育产业深度融合;优化体育科技创新的资源配置;加快体育科技创新型人才培育。

新质生产力赋能我国竞技体育高质量发展:内涵特征、基本逻辑与实践路向

新质生产力的提出为竞技体育高质量发展提供了科学指引。采用文献资料、专家访谈和逻辑分析等研究方法,深入解析新质生产力赋能我国竞技体育高质量发展的内涵特征和基本逻辑,并提出实践路向。研究认为,新质生产力与竞技体育高质量发展双向赋能,新质生产力为竞技体育高质量发展提供了强大动力,而竞技体育高质量发展的需求又不断催化新质生产力的提升变革。新质生产力赋能竞技体育高质量发展的基本逻辑体现在技术变革赋能竞技体育数智化发展,模式创新赋能竞技体育新活力发展,资源共享赋能竞技体育绿色化发展,产业融合赋能竞技体育多元化发展。我国竞技体育培育和形成新质生产力,在政策引导方面应坚持顶层设计与落地执行相结合,形成上下联动的共振效应;在技术提升方面应坚持基础理论与科技攻关相结合,形成自立自强的竞争格局;在人才培育方面应坚持自主培养与内外贯通相结合,夯实抢占高地的人才支撑。

科技介入竞技体育的立场辨析、界限厘定与规制路径

新兴科技极大地助推了竞技体育事业在全球范围内的高质量发展,同时亦给竞技体育发展带来新的风险和挑战。如何划定科技应用的边界及建构适当的规制体系是竞技体育当下面临的重大问题。运用文献资料、逻辑分析等研究方法,阐述科技介入竞技体育的立场之辩、界限及规制路径。研究发现,科技介入竞技体育在遵循或背离竞技目的、捍卫或摧毁公平竞争、解放或侵害人类本质等方面具有两面性。研究认为,无条件开放与无差别驱逐是违背竞技体育发展规律的两种偏执,中道之选是维持科技对竞技体育的适度介入;科技介入竞技体育应以公平竞技为直接界限、以以人为本为间接界限。科技介入竞技体育的规制路径:弘扬人文精神,回归竞技体育本质;伦理治理先行,健全体育科技伦理治理体系;加强规则约束,完善体育行业自律规范。

中国竞技体育科研现状、热点演变与未来展望

中国竞技体育实现高质量发展离不开科技赋能助力,因此有必要对竞技体育科研成果演进路径、研究热点、前沿及发展趋势进行探讨。基于中国知网数据库收录的2000—2023年3918篇中国竞技体育科技相关文献,从研究机构发文量、核心作者、研究主题、研究热点演变等方面进行计量分析。结果发现:中国竞技体育科研合作网络在整体上已经初步具有规模,以专业体育院校、综合类大学体育机构及体育科研院所为主要节点,各高产作者的所属机构与研究核心机构相吻合,且核心作者的研究领域也与领域内主题聚类标签基本吻合;研究主题以运动员为研究中心,具体涉及竞赛、训练、战术、教练员、生理、生化等方面,运动项目以中国奥运优势项目、新兴项目、冷门项目为主。然而,近些年中国竞技体育科研有关研究成果数量整体呈现明显下滑趋势,且长期以来形成的传统的科技助力模式未能充分促进竞技体育科研创新。根据研究发现,建议构建竞技体育科技训练多元化体系,完善训练、科研和保障“三位一体”模式,并搭建竞技体育科研赋能创新平台。

从异化到人化:体育空间中科技介入的哲学思考

新兴科技的应用极大地推动了体育空间的高质量发展,但科技的深度介入也使体育空间面临一些风险或挑战。运用文献资料、逻辑分析等研究方法,从科技介入视角审视体育空间的演进,并在探究科技异化与科技人化的辩证关系基础上对体育空间中的异化现象及其消解进路进行深入探讨。研究认为:科技异化在体育空间中主要体现为人的主体性地位被客体性符号异化、体育场景的差异化被同质化异化、体育空间的生态价值被工具价值异化。据此提出科技人化理念下体育空间的发展理路:提升个性化服务与人文关怀,关注个体的体育健康促进;增强沉浸体验与社群互联,构建多元互动的体育场景;推动生态融合与健康传播,打造绿色可持续发展的体育空间。

农业科学家精神特质与弘扬践行路径探析--以吉林省农业科学院(中国农业科技东北创新中心)为例

弘扬践行农业科学家精神,既是推动农业强国建设的时代需要,也是激发广大科技工作者不忘科研初心、牢记为农使命的现实需求。农业科学研究因其研究周期长、连续性强、不确定因素多等特点,在长期实践中形成了农业科学家所特有的精神特质。文章通过对吉林省农业科学院(中国农业科技东北创新中心)百余年科研活动发展中形成的典型农业科学家代表的基本情况、代表性成果及其特有的工作经验、科研品质等进行分析,总结挖掘其所具有的共性精神特质,并梳理已在弘扬践行科学家精神上形成的较为成熟的经验做法,结合实际从完善工作机制、加强宣传教育、厚植爱农情怀、坚持求真务实等方面提出了弘扬践行农业科学家精神的路径,以期为鼓舞和激励广大农业科技工作者创造更多重大科技成果,更好地推动农业高质量发展、支撑农业强国建设贡献力量。

小切口,大作为:体育科技小院赋能乡村体育高质量发展的模式研究

体育科技小院作为赋能乡村体育高质量发展的新路径和有力抓手,是涉体高校深入探寻教育与乡村体育高质量发展的新模式。运用文献资料、逻辑分析等研究方法对体育科技小院赋能乡村体育高质量发展的模式进行分析。研究认为,科技小院赋能乡村体育高质量发展的价值是:有助于全面推动乡村振兴发展、助力全民健身稳步发展和乡村体育赛事科学化发展。在此基础上,构建了“体育科技小院+乡村体育产业、体育人才、体育文化、体育组织和体育治理”的五位一体发展模式,进而赋能乡村体育产业提质增效、人才队伍建设、体育文化振兴、完善体育社会组织和提升体育治理效能。基于此,为进一步推动体育科技小院赋能乡村体育高质量发展,提出落实“三个到位”、搭建“三个平台”和立足“三个点”的发展路径。

基于增长核算模型的广西林业科技进步贡献率测算

为科学测算广西林业科技进步贡献率,在分析和借鉴既有研究成果的基础上,提出基于经验法的增长核算模型和基于要素份额法的增长核算模型,并对2006—2020年广西林业科技进步贡献率进行测算与分析。结果表明,广西林业经济增速明显回落,已由超高速增长转向较高速增长;基于要素份额法的增长核算模型更适用于广西林业科技进步贡献率测算;“十一五”“十二五”和“十三五”期间,广西林业科技进步贡献率分别为34.19%、46.94%和55.97%,总体呈增长态势;“十三五”期间,广西林业经济增长超过一半的贡献来自林业科技进步,广西林业经济发展模式已由要素驱动转变为创新驱动。

弱特征表面形貌测量的低成本渐进式匹配方法

弱特征连续表面的匹配问题是计算机视觉和图像处理中的一个挑战性问题,基于标准夹具的特征辅助可以准确地实现测量数据与模型的匹配,但该方法成本较高。针对该问题,提出了一种低成本的渐进式的匹配算法,首先基于带有边界罚函数的“点到面”ICP算法实现粗配准,接着通过对测量数据进行两步微调即可对标工业常用评价结果。以汽车玻璃的面形误差评价为例,仿真和实验结果表明,基于所提方法匹配后的面形误差接近传感器本身的误差级别。对于40 cm×40 cm的汽车玻璃,基于所提方法匹配线结构光测量的玻璃数据与三坐标数据,两者偏差在-0.06/0.08 mm,基本满足工业需求。

甘肃省科技进步奖获奖成果分析研究

科技奖励制度在激励自主创新、激发人才活力、营造良好创新环境中发挥了积极作用。为深入推进甘肃省“四强”行动实施,更好发挥科技进步奖的激励作用,文章选择2017—2021年甘肃省获国家科技进步奖和省级科技进步奖成果,围绕获奖成果数量、完成单位、市州分布、所属经济行业及领域、成果类别等维度,分析了甘肃省获国家科技进步奖和省级科技进步奖成果的特点,结合甘肃省当前发展实际,提出了相关对策建议,以期为高质量科技成果实现快速转化应用提供有益参考。