Multi-Criteria Decision-Making for Power Grid Construction Project Investment Ranking Based on the Prospect Theory Improved by Rewarding Good and Punishing Bad Linear Transformation

Using the improved prospect theory with the linear transformations of rewarding good and punishing bad(RGPBIT),a new investment ranking model for power grid construction projects(PGCPs)is proposed.Given the uncertainty of each index value under the market environment,fuzzy numbers are used to describe qualitative indicators and interval numbers are used to describe quantitative ones.Taking into account decision-maker’s subjective risk attitudes,a multi-criteria decision-making(MCDM)method based on improved prospect theory is proposed.First,the[−1,1]RGPBIT operator is proposed to normalize the original data,to obtain the best andworst schemes of PGCPs.Furthermore,the correlation coefficients between interval/fuzzy numbers and the best/worst schemes are defined and introduced to the prospect theory to improve its value function and loss function,and the positive and negative prospect value matrices of the project are obtained.Then,the optimization model with the maximum comprehensive prospect value is constructed,the optimal attribute weight is determined,and the PGCPs are ranked accordingly.Taking four PGCPs of the IEEERTS-79 node system as examples,an illustration of the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method is provided.

Agricultural Investment Project Decisions Based on an Interactive Preference Disaggregation Model Considering Inconsistency

Agricultural investment project selection is a complex multi-criteria decision-making problem,as agricultural projects are easily influenced by various risk factors,and the evaluation information provided by decisionmakers usually involves uncertainty and inconsistency.Existing literature primarily employed direct preference elicitation methods to address such issues,necessitating a great cognitive effort on the part of decision-makers during evaluation,specifically,determining the weights of criteria.In this study,we propose an indirect preference elicitation method,known as a preference disaggregation method,to learn decision-maker preference models fromdecision examples.To enhance evaluation ease,decision-makers merely need to compare pairs of alternatives with which they are familiar,also known as reference alternatives.Probabilistic linguistic preference relations are employed to account for the presence of incomplete and uncertain information in such pairwise comparisons.To address the inconsistency among a group of decision-makers,we develop a pair of 0-1mixed integer programming models that consider both the semantics of linguistic terms and the belief degrees of decision-makers.Finally,we conduct a case study and comparative analysis.Results reveal the effectiveness of the proposed model in solving agricultural investment project selection problems with uncertain and inconsistent decision information.

Default rules in investment decision-making:trait anxiety and decision-making styles

This study investigates the role of default options in the relationship between trait anxiety,and decision-making styles and financial decisions.One hundred and ninety-four participants were divided into three groups and subjected to three different conditions.Under each experimental condition,they had to decide whether to accept or reject investment proposals.In the first group,they had been enrolled in investment plans by default(opt-out condition),in the second group,they had not been automatically enrolled in these plans(opt-in condition),and in the third group they had to choose whether to enroll or not(control condition).The results showed that the investment decisions of anxious,avoidant,rational and dependent individuals could be facilitated by default options.In conclusion,using default options as a“nudge”can support specific groups of people to improve their financial decisions.

Analysis of crowdfunding platforms for microgrid project investors via a q-rung orthopair fuzzy hybrid decision-making approach

Effective crowdfunding platforms positively contribute toward improving micro-grid energy management systems.Therefore,a comprehensive analysis is required to understand the key factors responsible for success in crowdfunding systems by considering various criteria.This study evaluates crowdfunding platforms for microgrid project investments.In this context,a novel fuzzy decision-making model that includes two different stages is proposed.First,the selected criteria for the crowdfunding platforms for microgrid project investments are evaluated.Second,alternatives,regarding the microgrid project investments,are ranked.In this process,a multi-stepwise weight assessment ratio analysis(M-SWARA)approach based on q-rung orthopair fuzzy sets(q-ROFSs)is considered.Intuitionistic and Pythagorean fuzzy sets are also used in the calculation process to make a comparative evaluation.Similarly,a sensitivity analysis of the ranking alternatives is also conducted with 12 different q values.All the results are rather similar;thus,the findings are reliable.Another model is also created for this purpose with the help of the decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory(DEMA-TEL)and the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution methodologies to check the performance of the proposed model.It is defined that by considering the q-ROF DEMATEL weights,the ranking results vary for different cases.The proposed model with a M-SWARA is more reliable than the model created via the DEMATEL method.This situation provides information regarding the superiority of the model proposed in this study.It is concluded that security is the most important factor in crowdfunding platforms for smart-grid project investors.Additionally,solar panels and energy storage systems/batteries are the most significant alternatives for microgrid project investors.Necessary measures should be taken to forestall the risk of fraud that may occur on this platform.Therefore,the website to be established must be secure against possible hacking attacks.Another important conclusion of this study is that solar panels should be preliminarily developed to increase the effectiveness of microgrid systems.

Application of PPC Model Based on RAGA in Real Estate Investment Decision-Making

According to the size of the projector function to evaluate the merits of the program, Projection Pursuit method is applied to real estate investment decision-making by using the real coding based on Accelerating Genetic Algorithm (RAGA) to optimize the Projection Pursuit Classification (PPC) process and a wide range of indicators value was projected linearly. The results are reasonable and verified with an example. At the same time, the subjective of the target weight can be avoided. It provides decision-makers with comprehensive information on all the indicators of new ideas and new

Ranking environmental projects model based on multicriteria decision-making and the weight sensitivity analysis

With the fast growth of Chinese economic, more and more capital will be invested in environmental projects. How to select the environmental investment projects （alternatives） for obtaining the best environmental quality and economic benefits is an important problem for the decision makers. The purpose of this paper is to develop a decision-making model to rank a finite number of alternatives with several and sometimes conflicting criteria. A model for ranking the projects of municipal sewage treatment plants is proposed by using exports＇ information and the data of the real projects. And, the ranking result is given based on the PROMETHEE method. Furthermore, by means of the concept of the weight stability intervals （WSI）, the sensitivity of the ranking results to the size of criteria values and the change of weights value of criteria are discussed. The result shows that some criteria, such as “proportion of benefit to project cost”, will influence the ranking result of alternatives very strong while others not. The influence are not only from the value of criterion but also from the changing the weight of criterion. So, some criteria such as “proportion of benefit to project cost” are key critera for ranking the projects. Decision makers must be cautious to them.

Analysis on decision-making model of plan evaluation based on grey relation projection and combination weight algorithm

In military service joint operations, when there are more operational forces, more multifarious materials are consumed, the support is more complex and fuzzy, the deployment of personnel is more rapid, and the support provided by wartime military material support powers can be more effective. When the principles,requirements, influencing factors and goals of military material support forces are deployed in wartime, an evaluation indicator system is established. Thus, a new combined empowerment method based on an analytic hierarchy process（AHP） is developed to calculate the subjective weights, and the rough entropy method is used to calculate the objective weights. Combination weights can be obtained by calculating the weight preference coefficient error, which is determined by combining the cooperative game method and the minimum deviation into objectives. This approach can determine the grey relation projection coefficient and synthesize the measure scheme superiority to finally optimize the deployment plan using the grey relation projection decision-making method. The results show that the method is feasible and effective;it can provide a more scientific and practical decision-making basis for the military material support power deployment in wartime.

IT Project Evaluation and Investment Decision

There are many kinds of real options,which are valuable,in each phase of the lifetime of an information technology(IT)project.However,in the current IT investment decision theory,real options that embedded in IT projects are not considered. In this paper, the process of IT project decision and implementation is fully analyzed, the real options that may be embedded in an IT project are identified, and a real option analysis (ROA) method is proposed for evaluation of an IT project under uncertain business environment. ROA employs Black-Scholes expansion model and cancels the assumption that the cost of project is certain. The numerical example manifests that the ROA can better evaluate IT project and select the IT investment alternative. Finally, a road map is provided to help selecting the suitable evaluation method to make IT investment decision.

A hybrid heterogeneous Pythagorean fuzzy group decision modelling for crowdfunding development process pathways of fintech‑based clean energy investment projects

This study aims to evaluate the crowdfunding alternatives regarding new service development process pathways of clean energy investment projects.In this framework,a new model has been generated by considering the consensus-based group decisionmaking with incomplete preferences,Pythagorean fuzzy decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory(DEMATEL)and technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution(TOPSIS).Moreover,a comparative evaluation has been performed with Vise Kriterijumska Optimizacija I.Kompromisno Resenje methodology and sensitivity analysis has been made by considering 4 different cases.The main contribution is to identify appropriate crowdfunding-based funding alternatives for the improvement of the clean energy investments with a novel MCDM model.By considering the iteration technique and consensus-based analysis,the missing parts in the evaluations can be completed and opposite opinion problems can be reduced.Furthermore,with the help of hybrid MCDM model by combining DEMATEL and TOPSIS,more objective results can be reached.It is concluded that the analysis results are coherent and reliable.The findings indicate that the full launch is the most significant criterion for equity and debt-based crowdfunding alternatives.On the other side,the analysis has the highest weight for reward and donation-based alternatives whereas design is the most essential item regarding the royalty-based alternative.Additionally,it is also defined that equity-based crowdfunding alternative is the most significant for the service development process of clean energy investment projects.In this way,it will be possible to provide a continuous resource for clean energy investment projects.On the other hand,by providing financing with equity,there will be no fixed financing cost for clean energy investors.If these investors make a profit,they distribute dividends with the decision of their authorized bodies.

Establishment and optimization of project investment risk income models on the basis of probability χ distribution

In this paper, two kinds of models are presented and optimized for project investment risk income on the basis of probability χ distribution. One kind of model being proved has only a maximal value and another kind being proved has no extreme values.

Consensus‑based multidimensional due diligence of fintech‑enhanced green energy investment projects

The purpose of this study is to provide a hybrid group decision-making approach to evaluate fintech-based financial alternatives for green energy investment projects.First,the multidimensional factors of due diligence for fintech-based financing alternatives of green energy investment projects are identified.In this regard,the balanced scorecard perspectives are considered.Next,consensus-based group decision-making analysis is performed.Second,impact-relation directions for fintech-based financing alternatives of green energy investment projects are defined.For this purpose,the spherical fuzzy Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory(DEMATEL)methodology is applied.The novelty of this study is its proposal of a new outlook to due diligence of fintech-project financing for renewable energy investments by using the group and integrated decision-making approaches with spherical fuzzy DEMATEL.The findings indicate that customer expectations are the most essential factor for the revenue sharing and rewarding models.Additionally,this study identified that organizational competency plays the most important role with respect to the peer-to-business debt model.In contrast,the conclusion was reached that financial returns have the greatest importance for the equity sharing model.

Study and realization of the computer support system on feasible reasoning and scientific decision-making of projects based on WEB

With the development of information technology, DSS can be used to resolve the complex process of the feasible reasoning and scientific decision-making of projects. This paper offers 7 exploiting principles for the computer support system on feasible reasoning and scientific decision-making of projects, that is, the principles of standardization, procedure, specification, agility, currency, practicability and development. On the basis of analysis on systematic procedure, the computer support system on feasible reasoning and scientific decision-making of projects is formed based on WEB, and its general structure, system function and the methods to be realized are introduced. The data composition of this system is analyzed following the principles of integrality, development, perspicuity and consistency. Also, the model-base management system is designed for the management of model storage and management of model operation.

Determination of the Financing Scale,Time Limit and Returns from the Investment in BOT Projects

The key aspect to the successful implementation of BOT concept is the raising of finance by project sponsor,so financial engineering techniques and capital structuring skills are required to find the proper mix of debt and equity.The capital structure and present a model to determine the equity level from the aspects of financing scale,construction time and return on investment are analyzed.The resulting model can help the sponsor to avoid the capital risk,and offer the government a criterion to evaluate management ability of the sponsor.To show the application and availability of this model,a case study is conducted.Thus,this paper is concern with the determination of financing scale,construction time,and return on investment which would assist the sponsor to ensure that the equity level for optimal capital structure is available prior to the implementation stage in BOT project operation.

Foreign Investment Projects(Yinan County,Shandong Province)

1 Shandong Shengle Shoemaking Industrial Group Corp. To import two advanced high-grade shoe material production lines, one for dry processing and the other for wet processing, and printing and environment monitoring equipment for the production of high-grade vamp materials. 2 Shandong Yimeng To import production equipment for

Gansu Province Seeking Investment Projects

(1) Technical transformation of the ICproduction lineChinese enterprise : Tian Guang IC Factorysubordinated to the Gansu Electronics IndustryCorp.Contents : import advanced IC productionequipment and technology to enlarge theproduction scale, achieving an annualproduction capacity of 100 million items ofICs.

Qinghai's Projects Encouraging Foreign Investment

1. Agriculture, Forestry, Animal Husbandry, Fishery and Relevant Industries 1) Reclamation and development of waste land and hills,transformation of medium-to-low output land and forest; 2) Development of new varieties of good quality and high output agricultural crops such as cereals, oils, fruits, vegetables, flowers and forage grass;

Investment Projects in Qingdao High-Tech Industrial Park

—The project to produce one million lines in program-controlled exchanges by the Qingdao and AT&T Corporation, USA, undertook a study report at the end of 1993. The formal contract is expected to be signed in 1994. Construction of workshops is about to begin in the industrial park. —The Hewlett-Packard Co. of USA has decided to set up a joint venture in

Investment Projects in Dangshan——The National Ecological Agriculture County

Dangshan County is situated in the mostnortherly part of Anhui Province, acontiguous area of fourprovinces(Jiangsu, Shandong, Henan andAnhui) and six counties(Fengxian, Shanxian,Yucheng, Xiayi, Yongcheng and Xiaoxian).The County is named after Mount Mangdangand Mount Dangshan in the territory. TheLonghai Railway and National Highway 310pass through in parallel the central part of thecounty area, and the ancient Yellow Rivercourse lies in the northern part of the country,extending a hundred li(50 km). The totalland area of the county is 1192.94 sq km, ofwhich the cultivated land area is 904 thousandmu. 650 thousand mu of orchards cover thefields linking to the villages. It is major

SHAANXI'S KEY PROJECTS FOR FIXED ASSETS INVESTMENT DURING THE NINTH FIVE-YEAR PLAN

During the Eighth Five-Year Planperiod, Shaanxi Province intensifiedthe restructuring of investment andmacro-control in fixed assets investment byimplementing the policy of "limiting totalamount, readjusting structure, rectifying orderand improving efficiency". The wholeprovince realized RMB 110 billion in fixedassets investment, (including RMB 86.5 billionby state-owned units, RMB 14.23 billionthrough loans from the construction bank,making up 16.5 percent), RMB 67 billionmore than in the Seventh Five-Year Planperiod, with an annual increase of 26.5 percent.Thanks to the support, a group of medium-to-large and key projects have been put