Statistical Language Model for Chinese Text Proofreading

Statistical language modeling techniques are investigated so as to construct a language model for Chinese text proofreading. After the defects of n-gram model are analyzed, a novel statistical language model for Chinese text proofreading is proposed. This model takes full account of the information located before and after the target word wi, and the relationship between un-neighboring words w_i and w_j in linguistic environment(LE). First, the word association degree between w_i and w_j is defined by using the distance-weighted factor, w_j is l words apart from w_i in the LE, then Bayes formula is used to calculate the LE related degree of word w_i, and lastly, the LE related degree is taken as criterion to predict the reasonability of word w_i that appears in context. Comparing the proposed model with the traditional n-gram in a Chinese text automatic error detection system, the experiments results show that the error detection recall rate and precision rate of the system have been improved.

The Research of Chinese Text Proofreading Algorithm

Generally, text proofreading consists of two procedures, finding the wrongly used words and then presenting the correct forms. At present, most of the Chinese text proofreading focuses on finding the wrongly used words, but pays less attention to correcting these errors. In this paper, the Chinese text features are interpreted first and then a Chinese text proofreading method and its algorithm are introduced. In this algorithm, text features, including text statistical feature and language structure feature, are properly used. Here, correcting errors goes on at the same time with finding errors. Experimental results show that this method has a performance of detecting 75% of wrongly used Chinese words and correcting about 60% of them with the first candidates.

Author Guidelines

This document provides some guidelines to authors for submission in order to work towards a seamless submission process.While complete adherence to the following guidelines is not enforced,authors should note that following through with the guidelines will be helpful in expediting the copyediting and proofreading processes,and allow for improved readability during the review process.

Theoretical analysis of RNA polymerase fidelity: a steady-state copolymerization approach

The fidelity of DNA transcription catalyzed by RNA polymerase(RNAP)has long been an important issue in biology.Experiments have revealed that RNAP can incorporate matched nucleotides selectively and proofread the incorporated mismatched nucleotides.However,systematic theoretical researches on RNAP fidelity are still lacking.In the last decade,several theories on RNA transcription have been proposed,but they only handled highly simplified models without considering the high-order neighbor effects and the oligonucleotides cleavage both of which are critical for the overall fidelity.In this paper,we regard RNA transcription as a binary copolymerization process and calculate the transcription fidelity by the steady-state copolymerization theory recently proposed by us for DNA replication.With this theory,the more realistic models considering higher-order neighbor effects,oligonucleotides cleavage,multi-step incorporation and multi-step cleavage can be rigorously handled.

Solutions to Support Smart Substation Project

Based on the analysis and inductive research on the current problems, the solution to support the smart substation project is put forward to improve the construction efficiency of a smart substation, guarantee safety of operation and maintenance, and meet requirements for the design, commissioning, and operation and maintenance of a smart substation. The solution is to add innovative thoughts of "integration on design and configuration," "SCD file decoupling," "visualization of virtual secondary circuit" and "SCD file control" into the PRS-7000 series tool. As an integration tool for the design and configuration of a smart substation, PRS-7001 has effectively inherited the knowledge and operation practice of the design institute by applying a typical design template and a virtual terminal connected database. The PRS-7002 secondary circuit visual tool can display the virtual circuit connection and configuration of the SCD files in a multi-function and multiperspective way. Besides, it can effectively support commissioning, defects eliminating and overhauling. The PRS- 7003 SCD control tool has not only the off-line control functions for version management and tracing, inspection and warning for information changes and scope definition for upgrading of devices, but also the functions of process level configuration for the device and CRC online comparison.

Glossary

Editor’s Note:At the end of 2013,'China Dream' and 'Smog' were listed at the same time as two of the ten most popular Chinese words on the Internet in 2013. On the one hand,the two words are different from the others because they are both closely related to urban development; on the other hand,they are also quite different from each other,even opposite in the context of urbanization,because they have a positive and negative meaning respectively for urban development. Although the phenomenon of smog is not new in Beijing,it has become more and more serious since the beginning of the second decade of the 21st century,happening more and more frequently and impacting more and more regions. It was reported that,in 2013,there were in total four heavy smogs happening in China,which hit about 30 provinces including Beijing,and there were only fi ve non-smogy days in Beijing in that year. Although it cannot be asserted that the happening of smogs is a