Practice and Reflection on the Science and Technology Propaganda Work of Agricultural Research Institutes in the New Era : A Case Study of Changli Pomology Institute, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences

Taking Changli Fruit Tree Research Institute of Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences as an example,starting from the importance of strengthening scientific and technological propaganda work in agricultural research institutes,the current situation of scientific and technological propaganda work in agricultural research institutes is analyzed in this paper.In response to the problems of lack of targeted evaluation mechanism,lack of distinctive publicity forms,and weak news sensitivity of science and technology propaganda workers in agricultural research institutions,strategies such as establishing a scientific and standardized evaluation system,improving incentive policies,deeply exploring propaganda content,leveraging the joint advantages of new and traditional media,and cultivating and training science and technology propaganda teams are proposed.

The Emergence of “Wolf Warrior Diplomacy”: A New and Assertive Brand of Chinese Diplomacy

The study examines the rise of China’s strong and distinctive“Wolf Warrior Diplomacy”,which has gained popularity in recent years.This research attempts to offer a thorough knowledge of the causes,motivators,and essential traits of China’s new global diplomatic strategy.The research aims to provide light on the motivations and goals driving Wolf Warrior Diplomacy by a thorough investigation of historical events,official statements,and media representations.The study uses a mixed-methods approach and includes case studies of significant diplomatic incidents involving Chinese officials as well as qualitative content analysis.The research tries to discover patterns of behavior and evaluate their impact on international relations by looking at the language and strategies employed by China’s diplomatic officials.China’s Wolf Warrior Diplomacy addresses domestic political climate,world power dynamics,and national interests using authoritative language,nationalism,and media participation,influencing global community reactions.Chinese international relations’Wolf Warrior Diplomacy provides insightful information for decision-makers,academics,and practitioners,encouraging civil discourse and international cooperation in an aggressive age.

Domestic Cyberterrorism & Strategic Communications: Literature Review

Cyberterrorism poses a significant threat to the national security of the United States of America (USA), with critical infrastructure, such as commercial facilities, dams, emergency services, food and agriculture, healthcare and public health, and transportation systems virtually at risk. Consequently, this is due primarily to the country’s heavy dependence on computer networks. With both domestic and international terrorists increasingly targeting any vulnerabilities in computer systems and networks, information sharing among security agencies has become critical. Cyberterrorism can be regarded as the purest form of information warfare. This literature review examines cyberterrorism and strategic communications, focusing on domestic cyberterrorism. Notable themes include the meaning of cyberterrorism, how cyberterrorism differs from cybercrime, and the threat posed by cyberterrorism to the USA. Prevention and deterrence of cyberterrorism through information sharing and legislation are also key themes. Finally, gaps in knowledge are identified, and questions warranting additional research are outlined.

英语名词在中国语境下的本土化现象——“propaganda”个案研究

本文以"propaganda"为例,基于不同时期的文献,结合《北京周报》和《纽约时报》中的语料,从词汇的概念意义、感情色彩等维度,对该词的本土化现象进行个案研究。研究表明,与《纽约时报》相比,《北京周报》中的该词概念意义在扩大,感情色彩在变化。本文认为,词汇空缺、语言使用的经济性规律以及言语交际中的语用移情是促使英语本土化的重要因素。同时,本研究验证"双层英语"假设在翻译中的作用,认为在跨文化交际活动中应本着主客互动的协商原则,积极建构话语的意义。

“外宣”语义及其主要英文对应词研究——基于美国当代英语语料库

随着学术界对外宣研究的逐渐升温,其研究成果如雨后春笋般呈现。通过对中国知网关于外宣相关研究成果的检索,发现学术文献中外宣的英文对应词多达14个。其中,"propaganda"和"publicify"是外宣英文对应词中使用频率较高的表述方式,通过对"外宣","propaganda"以及"publicity"进行词义追溯与语义界定,以美国当代英语语料库(COCA)为平台,对这两个词汇进行语用、语境使用情况进行分析和比对,得出这两个高频词汇并非是外宣最贴切的英文对应词之结论。

Identifying Vibration Source and Propaganda Path by Using Casuality Analysis

The unit impulse response function of two-sided time domain for noncasual 1 DOF linear system is derived, and the FFT program is used in simulation of multi-DOF systems. The method of identifying vibration source and propaganda path by using causuality analysis of transmissbility is proposed.

Ethiopian Cinema in the Era of Barrack Socialism (1974-1991)

Ethiopia,whose history goes far beyond three thousand years and is renowned for its ancient civilizations of the Axumite Kingdom,could not consistently promote socio-economic and political development in the course of nation state building,particularly as a result of the backward feudal mode that prevailed for many centuries in the country.At the end of the 19th century however,the embryo of capitalism that sprouted in the womb of the decadent feudalism paved the way for the introduction of western modernization leading to the immergence of cinematic expression just a few years after the invention of motion picture 1895 by the Lumiere Brothers.Film screening that started in April 1897/1898 in Emperor Menelik II’s palace faced challenges from the aristocracy,the nobility,and the clergy for being considered as a satanic sorcery.This tendency gradually changed through time,leading to the opening of private movie theatres mostly by expatriates,and to the production of two feature length films by Ethiopians in the imperial era.The eruption of the Ethiopia Revolution and the power grab by the Derg military dictatorship that promoted barrack socialist ideology nonetheless altered the path of cinema exhibition and production from private business entity towards state monopoly.This article hence attempts to portray the feature of Ethiopian cinema under the Derg Barrack Socialism(1974-1991)with a concern to bridge the scholarship gap for the academia pertinent to Ethiopian cinema in particular and African cinema in general.

Propping up Propaganda？ Exploring the Role of The Herald Newspaper in Strengthening ZANU-PF＇s Political Position

This paper examines The Herald newspaper＇s role in safeguarding the seemingly unparalleled longevity of Zimbabwe＇s ruling Zimbabwe African National Union-Patriotic Front （ZANU-PF） party. Through an analysis of a sample of stories from both the paper＇s print and online editions, the study traces the origins of the broadsheet＇s ostensibly unflagging pro-ZANU-PF editorial positions, turning to article analysis to critically probe not only the motive but also the impact of the newspaper＇s assumed open allegiance to the revolutionary party. In a nation believed battered by perceived state brutality and widening political differences, The Herald has been accused of significantly influencing the pace of dictatorship while guardedly manipulating information to prop up President Robert Mugabe＇s party. So important has the paper become over the years that its often uncompromising, one-sided style of reporting has earned it praise among militant ZANU-PF hardliners while bitterly attracting widespread criticism from critics of the long-serving party.

Climate Change Science &Propaganda

This article addresses the relationship between science and propaganda using the Climate Change controversy as a study model. The United Nations International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is the recognized leader on this model issuing multiple Assessment Reports. This review begins with a discussion of the basics—what is propaganda and how does it work, followed by whether the IPCC adopted or rejected it. Next explored is how propaganda can be seamlessly fused into “report writing” in a way that arouses and makes interesting humdrum details. Some unexpected results emerged from current and historical observation data involving the Greenhouse theory, CO2 sources, ocean pH, sea levels, and ice balances. The final section confronts whether “a point of view” constrains objectivity in favor of outcome. The overall conclusion is that the earth is boringly healthy.

The Case of the Aryan Jesus Dogma: Enlarging Entitlement Through Propaganda

In a national effort to promote anti-Semitism, the Institute for the Study and Eradication of Jewish Influence (ISEJI) was established in Nazi Germany. Its leader, Walter Grundmann, was instrumental in the promotion of the Aryan Jesus dogma in scholarly circles. Through a quid pro quo arrangement with a state-based university, the dogma was given scholarly respectability. The dogma asserted that Jesus was not Jew. This dogma gained enough support to be adopted into the German Lutheran Church’s catechism of the time. Not only was the motivation for the promotion of the dogma suspect, but the reasoning used to arrive at the conclusion was faulty. The dogma contributed to the body of Nazi propaganda that vilified Jews as enemies of the Aryan society.

From News Pools to Embedded Journalists： How Media Frame Wars and Conflicts？

This paper looks at the professional and ethical failure of news organizations in reporting wars, conflicts, and crises Principles of press freedom, objectivity, and impartiality are not respected, and the journalism practice is different in times of war from in normal times. Very often, the news organization sides with the position of its country, and the journalist becomes ＂nationalistic＂ and ＂patriotic＂ and sides with his/her country＇s position towards the war at the expense of impartiality, objectivity, fairness, and ethics of journalism practices. Very often, the news media are used by the military and the political forces to frame wars and conflicts along the lines of the ＂national security＂ and ＂national interests＂. The second Gulf War, 9/11 events in 2001, the Afghan War, and the third Gulf War are used as case studies to assess the different kinds of mechanisms, techniques,＇and ＂rituals＂ practiced by the media to cover and report wars and conflicts to their audiences and world opinion. Results of the study suggest that an alternative theory--＂government press coalition theory＂——should be developed to explain journalism practices and behaviors during wars and conflicts.

Mobilization and Radicalization Through Persuasion： Manipulative Techniques in ISIS＇ Propaganda

This paper explores the recent findings of some empirical research concerning Islamic State of Iraq and al-Sham＇s （ISIS＇） communication and tries to synthesize them under the theoretical frame of propaganda＇s concept and practices. Many authors demonstrated how ISIS propaganda campaigns, in particular those deployed on cyberspace, proved to be effective in recruiting new members in both western and Muslim countries. However, while most of the researches focused on ISIS＇s communication contents and narratives, few works considered other methods and techniques used for actually delivering them. This is a regrettable missing point given the fact that communication＇s and neurosciences＇ studies demonstrate that not only what is communicated but also the techniques adopted bear important consequences on the receiver＇s perceptions and behavior. Therefore, this article analyzes in particular the findings of researches carried out by communication scholars, social psychologists, and neuro-cognitive scientists on ISIS＇ persuasive communication techniques and demonstrates their importance for security studies＇ analysis of ISIS＇ propaganda. It argues that ISIS＇ success in mobilizing people and make them prone to violent action relies on-among other factors-its knowledge and exploitation of sophisticated methods of perceptions＇ manipulation and behavior＇s influence. This, in turn, demonstrates ISIS＇ possession of state-like soft power capabilities effectively deployed in propaganda campaigns and therefore calls for a more complex understanding of its agency.

Retracing the Kurdish and the Armenian Issues in the Journal of Albayrak in Period of National Struggle in Turkey （1919-1922）

World War I became a milestone in the decay of empires and in the transition to the form of nation-state all over the world. Also, the national identities had been emerged and shaped in this period, before and after of the war. Contemporaneously, the years between 1912 and 1922, constructing Turkish identitiy and nationalim provided the important components to the founding of the Republic in Turkey. Especially, 1919-1922 period was important in terms of this arising national movement, because of the era which was beginnig the transition from the empire to the nation-state with the accession of the whole society in a national struggle. Therewith, Treaty of Sevres and Mondros Armistice Agreement were considerable factors in acceleration of the struggle in Anatolia. Besides, local press had a curicial role in the occupied territories throughout the stage. And the Journal of Albayrak which came out in Erzurum was one of the foremost media vehicles in the period of national struggle in the east of country. Herewith, Albayrak stated that it would make contribution to the point of informing the community and raising consciousness about the reasons of Armenian problem and its forthcoming dangers. This journal, also, gave information and news concerning Kurdish issue that arised in this period. In this respect, the purpose of this paper is to examine the place or role of a journal as a propaganda material within a struggle of independence and constructing a nation state period of an occupied country by analysing its news. It is important to study Albayrak because it had important impact on area of the local press in the region which made news about Armenians and Kurds. Herewith, the study also intends to handle the approach of this media source to Kurdish and Armenian issues in the era and by this way tries to make any contribution to the related discussion.

Montenegrin Print Media Manipulation in the Circumstances of Economic Crisis

The economic crisis, which has spread all over the world, soon has become a major scoop for all media. We hear about the effects of the economic crisis on a daily basis----countries going bankrupt, toppled governments, high unemployment rate, lay-offs, and suicides caused by hopeless situation. Montenegrin media also pay considerable attention to economic problems. However, judging by the headlines, the media have no aim to provide citizens with objective reporting of the circumstances in the country. Instead, in the circumstances of economic crisis and depending on their editorial policy, they are trying to manipulate the public. Some portray the situation better than it actually is, failing to provide realistic information of the issues such as unemployment rate, inflation, average wages, and protests of dissatisfied citizens, while the others are focused on attacking their political opponents by hyping up the effects of economic crisis and portraying the events in the worst possible light. Basically, both are driven primarily by their own interests and not by the interests of the citizens.

The Social Function of Art in the Macedonian Contemporary Society

The recent social processes that are striking the Republic of Macedonia are distorting the nature of many sophisticated socio-anthropological phenomena, including the artistic practices. Thus, we will try to briefly elaborate on several tendencies about contemporary art in the Republic of Macedonia, by ＂screening＂ the theoretical discourses on the issue and by critical perception of recent practices concerning the field. Today＇s views on the creative practices, incorporated in ＂conceptual＂ packages that should develop a new culture of living, are manifested in the creative industries, have been just recently recognized in the Macedonian society. The ＂propaganda＂ character of the treatment of artistic practice changes only formally the media of their manifestations. The idea about the possible and necessary engaged attitude of art towards society had its place also in the modern as well in the postmodern concept of art. In the Republic of Macedonia this ＂ideological＂ attitude towards art regretfully has also become the main mechanism for political domination, manifested mainly in architecture and landscaping of public space. The commercialisation of art supported by the media imposes the discourses of popular art over the content of high art. It seems that art is represented in the field of ＂education and science＂ in the Republic of Macedonia only when certain pragmatic, frequently politicised, interests need to be satisfied.

The Petrified Utopia： Monumental Propaganda, Architecture Parlante, and the Question about （De）Materialisation of Monuments

The article examines the idea of monumentality （following Evgeny Dobrenko＇s concept of ＂petrified utopia＂） in Polish Socialist literature especially by analyzing Lenin＇s ＂monumental propaganda＂ and its influence on literary thinking. Starting from some details about Lenin＇s vision and plan, the article will further present how the act of transposition of a monument into texts---the act of materialization monuments in literary signs--causes some kind of monumental spectrality or dematerialization and as a consequence, the disappearance of art in Rancieran sense in which the art disappears when it becomes transparent for itself. To prove this thesis, the article will analyze two main architectural examples： Tatlin＇s Monument to the Third International （as the great realization of Lenin＇s doctrine） and Polish Palace of Culture and Science which was the theme of many Polish Socialist poems. In conclusion, the article will also present some broader perspective of modem architectural utopias and their spectrality.

Reasons of Vaccine Hesitancy among Pakistanis with Available COVID-19 Vaccine: The Next Challenge in the Fight against COVID-19

The government of Pakistan started vaccination campaign for the frontline healthcare pro-viders, as they are more likely to be exposed to COVID-19 patients. In the next step, it ex-tended the free vaccination campaign to include people above 60 and 50 years of age re-spectively. The drive is now open to all citizens >18 years of age. There is a significant re-luctance to get vaccinated even though the government has provided it free of cost. The project uses self-reporting method to assess reasons of vaccine hesitancy among Pakistanis and possible solutions to overcome this problem. Concern for serious side effects was the most common issue 154 (48.42%) reported among all groups of people, including the healthcare workers. The major sources of COVID-19 related information were television 117 (36.8%) and healthcare professionals 105 (33%). The participants reported that they can be convinced to get vaccinated if more published data related to vaccine efficacy and safety is available 118 (37.1%), they observe no side effect among vaccine recipients 90 (28.3%) or higher government officials get the same vaccine 39 (12.3%). Vigorous analysis and publication of data generated is paramount to increase the percentage of people being vaccinated. The healthcare professionals should share evidence-based knowledge related to vaccine efficacy and safety through television and social media to increase acceptance rates and hence, decrease mortality and morbidity from COVID-19 in Pakistan.

Questioning the Media： The Role of Yemeni Media in the Youth Revolution

This article investigates the role of national television channels ＂NTC＂ toward what has been termed ＂Yemeni Youth-and-Popular Revolution＂. It employs the main principles of professional and ethical journalistic practices. The article argues that NTC coverage for this revolution sometimes goes beyond informing people to other forms of propaganda. It concludes that professional and ethical media performance would better serve the interests of Yemeni audiences, including their desire for bringing change. Moreover, ownership is not the only issue when it comes to free press and the right to communication. However, establishing a stable system for media performance based on consensual rules on one hand, and professionalism and ethics, on the other, is fundamental for media reform in Yemen.

“propaganda”之含义与翻译

“propaganda”兼具“宣传”或“反宣传”、假宣传”之意。属同词反义。作为事物,无一不是正与反的辨证统一;如“宣传”这一事物,确有正反面两个方面。但作为词语,却未必都有“正”有”反”。比如说,汉语中一般只有“反宣传”那个词,而没有“正宣传”这个词。这是因为正面宣传就是“宜传”,而表示正面宣传的对立物才用”反宣传”此词。据在我国工作的某些好心的外籍英语专家说。

Social Policies in the Thirties in Europe:Crisis and Solution-The Italian Case

Drawing from historiography and literature on the subject and considering the consequences produced on the European society by World War I and the 1929 Wall Street Crisis,this article aims at analysing some aspects of the fascist construction of welfare state.The model suggested by the fascist regime in the thirties was a typical totalitarian welfare state,which used social policies to strengthen the home front and to build consensus for the regime.Despite the fascist regime had the war as its goal,it did not mobilize the country on the eve of World War II,but preferred to invest in social assistance and welfare,for reasons of political convenience.Moreover,the analysis of fascist social policy measures,such as social security,points out that some flaws in the social security system,such as excessive spending,or the categorical approach to assistance and social security typical of fascism,were borrowed from republican Italy.