目前,我国正处于国家公园体制稳步推进,自然保护地体系转型重构的关键时期,明确国家公园的发展思路与理念是我们亟待解决的关键问题。National Parks:The American Experience一书较为全面地探讨了美国国家公园体系的发展历程及发展理...目前,我国正处于国家公园体制稳步推进,自然保护地体系转型重构的关键时期,明确国家公园的发展思路与理念是我们亟待解决的关键问题。National Parks:The American Experience一书较为全面地探讨了美国国家公园体系的发展历程及发展理念变迁,讲述了联邦政府、铁路公司和环保组织等利益团体围绕"国家公园该如何发展"这条主线展开的一系列博弈过程,涵盖了重要的历史事件、关键的推动性人物及相关开创性法案等内容。书中对推动美国国家公园发展的思潮和理念做了总结回顾,尤其是国家公园应该"保护什么"以及"如何保护"的思考,对完善我国国家公园体制、重构自然保护地体系具有一定的借鉴和启示意义。展开更多
Expanding the network of connected and resilient protected areas(PAs)for climate change adaptation can help species track suitable climate conditions and safeguard biodiversity.This is often overlooked when expanding ...Expanding the network of connected and resilient protected areas(PAs)for climate change adaptation can help species track suitable climate conditions and safeguard biodiversity.This is often overlooked when expanding PAs and quantifying their benefits,resulting in an underestimate of the benefits of expanding PAs.We expanded PAs through terrestrial mammalian species distribution hotspots,Key Biodiversity Areas(KBAs),and wilderness areas.Then,we constructed climate connectivity networks using a resistance-based approach and further quantified the network resilience to propose resilient climate response strategies in China.The results showed that existing PAs suffered from location biases with important biodiversity areas.The existing PAs represented about half of the KBAs and wilderness areas,yet only 12.08%of terrestrial mammalian species distribution hotspots were located within existing PAs.Compared with the existing PA network,the network efficiency and resilience of the expanded PAs'climate connectivity increased to 1.80 times and 1.78 times,respectively.With 56%of the nodes remaining,the network efficiency of the expanded PAs was equivalent to that of the existing PAs with all nodes.The network resilience of preferentially protecting and restoring low human footprint patches was approximately 1.5–2 times that of the random scenario.These findings highlighted that confronted with the unoptimistic situation of global warming,nature conservation based on existing PAs was no longer optimal.It was critical to construct a connected and resilient conservation network relying on both important biodiversity areas and low human footprint patches.展开更多
文摘目前,我国正处于国家公园体制稳步推进,自然保护地体系转型重构的关键时期,明确国家公园的发展思路与理念是我们亟待解决的关键问题。National Parks:The American Experience一书较为全面地探讨了美国国家公园体系的发展历程及发展理念变迁,讲述了联邦政府、铁路公司和环保组织等利益团体围绕"国家公园该如何发展"这条主线展开的一系列博弈过程,涵盖了重要的历史事件、关键的推动性人物及相关开创性法案等内容。书中对推动美国国家公园发展的思潮和理念做了总结回顾,尤其是国家公园应该"保护什么"以及"如何保护"的思考,对完善我国国家公园体制、重构自然保护地体系具有一定的借鉴和启示意义。
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFF1303201)。
文摘Expanding the network of connected and resilient protected areas(PAs)for climate change adaptation can help species track suitable climate conditions and safeguard biodiversity.This is often overlooked when expanding PAs and quantifying their benefits,resulting in an underestimate of the benefits of expanding PAs.We expanded PAs through terrestrial mammalian species distribution hotspots,Key Biodiversity Areas(KBAs),and wilderness areas.Then,we constructed climate connectivity networks using a resistance-based approach and further quantified the network resilience to propose resilient climate response strategies in China.The results showed that existing PAs suffered from location biases with important biodiversity areas.The existing PAs represented about half of the KBAs and wilderness areas,yet only 12.08%of terrestrial mammalian species distribution hotspots were located within existing PAs.Compared with the existing PA network,the network efficiency and resilience of the expanded PAs'climate connectivity increased to 1.80 times and 1.78 times,respectively.With 56%of the nodes remaining,the network efficiency of the expanded PAs was equivalent to that of the existing PAs with all nodes.The network resilience of preferentially protecting and restoring low human footprint patches was approximately 1.5–2 times that of the random scenario.These findings highlighted that confronted with the unoptimistic situation of global warming,nature conservation based on existing PAs was no longer optimal.It was critical to construct a connected and resilient conservation network relying on both important biodiversity areas and low human footprint patches.
