Foreword Respecting and protecting human rights is a constitutional principle in China.It also reflects the will and pursuit of the Communist Party of China(CPC),the Chinese government and the Chinese people.The judic...Foreword Respecting and protecting human rights is a constitutional principle in China.It also reflects the will and pursuit of the Communist Party of China(CPC),the Chinese government and the Chinese people.The judiciary is the last line of defense to safeguard social fairness and justice,and judicial protection of human rights is an important展开更多
International migration mainly happens between the North and the South Mig rant workers have made important contributions to the inclusive growth and sustainable development of world economy, but their human rights a...International migration mainly happens between the North and the South Mig rant workers have made important contributions to the inclusive growth and sustainable development of world economy, but their human rights are often violated In recent years, frequent extreme terrorists attacks and large-scale refugee influxes have triggered anti-for eign sentiment and policies in developed countries, which expose migrant workers to an unprecedented human rights crisis The International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families is an important convention adopted by the United Nations that specially protects human rights of migrant workers However, as the convention has not been ratified by major developed countries where most migrant workers seek employment, the protection regime has an empty shell Developing countries where most migrant workers originate from should strengthen cooperation among themselves and urge developed countries to fulfill the duty of human rights protection by normalizing the status of migrant workers and that of members of their families in employment countries and ratifying the convention as soon as possible.展开更多
Q： What progress has China＇s journalism circle made over the past 30 years of reform and opening up？ How do you assess the situation in China＇s journalism？
The problem of data island hinders the application of big data in artificial intelligence model training,so researchers propose a federated learning framework.It enables model training without having to centralize all...The problem of data island hinders the application of big data in artificial intelligence model training,so researchers propose a federated learning framework.It enables model training without having to centralize all data in a central storage point.In the current horizontal federated learning scheme,each participant gets the final jointly trained model.No solution is proposed for scenarios where participants only provide training data in exchange for benefits,but do not care about the final jointly trained model.Therefore,this paper proposes a newboosted tree algorithm,calledRPBT(the originator Rights Protected federated Boosted Tree algorithm).Compared with the current horizontal federal learning algorithm,each participant will obtain the final jointly trained model.RPBT can guarantee that the local data of the participants will not be leaked,while the final jointly trained model cannot be obtained.It is worth mentioning that,from the perspective of the participants,the scheme uses the batch idea to make the participants participate in the training in random batches.Therefore,this scheme is more suitable for scenarios where a large number of participants are jointly modeling.Furthermore,a small number of participants will not actually participate in the joint training process.Therefore,the proposed scheme is more secure.Theoretical analysis and experimental evaluations show that RPBT is secure,accurate and efficient.展开更多
The object of criminal legal aid refers to the person in a criminal case who has the right or eligibility toapply for legal assistance and who receives it. According to jurispru- dence, the object （or aid recipient）...The object of criminal legal aid refers to the person in a criminal case who has the right or eligibility toapply for legal assistance and who receives it. According to jurispru- dence, the object （or aid recipient） is a party in a given legal case, who is granted legal aid. They are often among the disadvantaged group in criminal cases, since most of them are mentally challenged, lack free- dom or have health problems.＇ Both international and domestic laws have certain norms regarding objects of criminal legal aid. Our domestic law places more emphasis on ＂defen- dants＂ while downplaying ＂suspects＂ and ＂victims＂ in identifying objects.展开更多
Chinese trade unions have always been keen on devel- oping and protecting worker rights. Today, they have the task of helping build up harmonious labor relations. By working to properly handle letters and visits, unio...Chinese trade unions have always been keen on devel- oping and protecting worker rights. Today, they have the task of helping build up harmonious labor relations. By working to properly handle letters and visits, union orga- nizations aim at resolving problems workers are most concerned with, problems that are most practical and affect the immediate interests of work- ers. The job is of great significance to the country＇s endeavor to ensure decent labor and social stability.展开更多
On December 18, 1979, the 34th General Assembly of the United Nations adopted the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women with an overwhelming majority of the votes in its favor. Ove...On December 18, 1979, the 34th General Assembly of the United Nations adopted the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women with an overwhelming majority of the votes in its favor. Over the past 30 years, the Convention has come to be known by increasing numbers of governments and people, particularly women＇s organizations. It has played an increasingly great role in protecting women＇s rights and enhancing women＇s status in society.展开更多
Personality rights are basic rights related to human dignity in the concept of human rights protection,and respect for personality rights is the basic prerequisite for safeguarding other human rights.Human rights prot...Personality rights are basic rights related to human dignity in the concept of human rights protection,and respect for personality rights is the basic prerequisite for safeguarding other human rights.Human rights protection exerts a profound impact on the value of legislation and enforcement practices of private international laws in the field of cross-border personality rights infringement in various countries,which is mainly manifested in the integration of substantive justice and the humanistic care concept of protecting the rights of vulnerable groups into formal justice,and expands the development space of human rights protection ideas in cross-border personality rights and tort conflict laws.the diversity of human rights protection values determines that cross-border personality rights infringement may lead to conflicts between personality rights and other basic rights,such as freedom of speech.to reconcile such conflicts,a workable method is to prioritize personality rights protection in accordance with the hierarchy of rights theory in the value judgment of public order reservation or to clarify the limits of the right holder’s tolerance obligation through the limited application of the principle of proportionality.China’s current cross-border personality rights and tort conflict law can optimize the protection of the rights of vulnerable groups by diversifying the options of available legal methods,and establish a balancing mechanism between personality rights and freedom of speech,so as to improve China’s legal protection system for human rights in the field of foreign-related civil and commercial affairs.展开更多
Subjects in clinical trials, either patients with the target disease or healthy vohmteers, inevitably run a risk of injury or even death. To protect human subjects＇ rights to life and health, the Declaration of Helsi...Subjects in clinical trials, either patients with the target disease or healthy vohmteers, inevitably run a risk of injury or even death. To protect human subjects＇ rights to life and health, the Declaration of Helsinki has been developed as ＂a statement of ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. Though widely regarded as a milestone in human research ethics, it is not a law or regulation, and is unable to effectively protect human subjects＇ rights. In this context, China beefs up its legal protection of clinical trial subjects.展开更多
As an important rectifying mechanism to the involved parties-oriented civil litigation model,the mandatory attorney system requires the involved parties of a lawsuit to appoint a lawyer to represent them in the litiga...As an important rectifying mechanism to the involved parties-oriented civil litigation model,the mandatory attorney system requires the involved parties of a lawsuit to appoint a lawyer to represent them in the litigation,otherwise they will be rejected because the litigation requirements aren’t met.This seems to restrict the litigants’right to initiate a lawsuit by themselves.Through the arrangement of the system for the participation of lawyers in some litigation procedures,stages,and cases,coupled with the legal principle of litigation costs,the litigation costs sharing mechanism,legal aid,and other related supporting systems,it is not only a substantive guarantee for the litigants’right of action,but also can even strengthen the protection of the litigants’right of action in civil litigation.Based on the need to effectively protect and strengthen the litigants’right of action,combined with its civil litigation system and judicial operation environment,China should adopt a phased and gradual strategy to introduce and implement the mandatory attorney system in civil litigation while constantly improving its lawyer system,litigation costs system,legal aid system,and other related supporting systems.展开更多
The construction of a barrier-free environment contains a rich connotation of human rights protection,and is closely related to the study of human rights protection in China.With the evolution of the concept of barrie...The construction of a barrier-free environment contains a rich connotation of human rights protection,and is closely related to the study of human rights protection in China.With the evolution of the concept of barrier-free design and the expansion of its beneficiary groups,constructing a barrier-free environment has become a basic task that benefits all members of society and meets the public needs of all the people,with its core goal expanding from the protection of the rights of the disabled to the protection of the basic rights and interests of all members of society.Building a barrier-free environment from the perspective of the Marxist human rights concept is conducive to safeguarding the people’s right to subsistence and development,and at the same time,it satisfies their demand for the right to pursue a high-quality and better life and reflects the common vision of everyone in society fully enjoying human rights.promoting the construction of a barrier-free environment in terms of legal protection based on China’s institutional advantages can improve and innovate the country’s legislation on the construction of a barrier-free environment,so as to play an exemplary and guiding role in enhancing the international barrier-free level and enable all people to enjoy the good life created through the drive to build a barrier-free environment.展开更多
On March 26,2023,a Seminar on Chinese Democracy and Human Rights Protection was held,jointly organized by the National Human Rights Education and Training Base and the Human Rights Research Center of Central South Uni...On March 26,2023,a Seminar on Chinese Democracy and Human Rights Protection was held,jointly organized by the National Human Rights Education and Training Base and the Human Rights Research Center of Central South University under the guidance of the Chinese Society for Human Rights Studies.The event adopted a combination of online and offline channels.Over 30 experts and scholars from universities,research institutions,and practical departments across the country participated in extensive discussions on“Theoretical and Practical Aspects of Chinese Democracy and Protection of Human Rights.”The seminar aimed to focused on the essence,characteristics,advantages,and human rights implications of Chinese democracy and interpreted the concept of Chinese democracy and the protection of human rights through academic and theoretical methods.展开更多
The process of legislative protection for women’s rights and interests of the new China can be divided into two phases: The first phase is from the establishment of the People’s Republic of China to the adoption of ...The process of legislative protection for women’s rights and interests of the new China can be divided into two phases: The first phase is from the establishment of the People’s Republic of China to the adoption of the policy of reform and opening up to the outside展开更多
The protection of human rights inherently related to modern state-governance. On the one hand, human rights protection is the foundation and criteria for modern state-governance, characterized by democracy, rule of la...The protection of human rights inherently related to modern state-governance. On the one hand, human rights protection is the foundation and criteria for modern state-governance, characterized by democracy, rule of law and civility, with human rights as a cross-cutting theme in all these elements. On the other hand, human rights protection provides conditions and motives for modernizing state governance. Human rights are pursued as a fundamental value in modern state-governance. Human rights protection is also a driving force for good governance and a touchstone for the modernity of governance.展开更多
Based on the guardianship system in the General Principles of the Civil Law, the General Provisions of the Civil Law establish the three concepts of respecting the true will of the ward, benefiting the ward to the gre...Based on the guardianship system in the General Principles of the Civil Law, the General Provisions of the Civil Law establish the three concepts of respecting the true will of the ward, benefiting the ward to the greatest extent, and moderate intervention of public power in guardianship. The three concepts are embodied in the specific provisions of the guardianship system, highlighting respect for and protection of human rights under the spirit of the Constitution as well as the human rights concept of protecting the interests of this vulnerable group, improving the scope of protecting the human rights of minors, the disabled and the elderly in the Chinese guardianship system. The General Provisions of the Civil Law expand the functions and types of the guardianship system, enrich and perfect the guardianship system for minors, and clearly stipulate the conditions and means for disqualifying guardians, and arranging temporary custody and state custody. They expand the scope of guardianship for minors, respond to the reality of increasing guardianship needs and the aging of Chinese society, dovetail with the international community’s concept of respecting and safeguarding the rights of the elderly and adults with disabilities, and reflect the law moving with the times. The Specific Provisions on Marriage and Family under the General Provisions of the Civil Law now being compiled should refine and enrich the guardianship system under the framework of the guardianship system in the General Provisions, so that they become the rules of conduct that is practically feasible and enforceable in judgments.展开更多
The relation between Anti-terrorism and human rights Protection is rather complicated. Based on the practices in Africa, this article analyses the conflicts and contradictions between the two. While countering terrori...The relation between Anti-terrorism and human rights Protection is rather complicated. Based on the practices in Africa, this article analyses the conflicts and contradictions between the two. While countering terrorism, governments have to take the duty of human rights protection as well. Rights are of key importance in preventing and countering terrorism. Integrating human rights construction into antiterrorism mechanism is rather helpful in eliminating various moods of dissatisfaction which are easy to breed terrorism.展开更多
文摘Foreword Respecting and protecting human rights is a constitutional principle in China.It also reflects the will and pursuit of the Communist Party of China(CPC),the Chinese government and the Chinese people.The judiciary is the last line of defense to safeguard social fairness and justice,and judicial protection of human rights is an important
文摘International migration mainly happens between the North and the South Mig rant workers have made important contributions to the inclusive growth and sustainable development of world economy, but their human rights are often violated In recent years, frequent extreme terrorists attacks and large-scale refugee influxes have triggered anti-for eign sentiment and policies in developed countries, which expose migrant workers to an unprecedented human rights crisis The International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families is an important convention adopted by the United Nations that specially protects human rights of migrant workers However, as the convention has not been ratified by major developed countries where most migrant workers seek employment, the protection regime has an empty shell Developing countries where most migrant workers originate from should strengthen cooperation among themselves and urge developed countries to fulfill the duty of human rights protection by normalizing the status of migrant workers and that of members of their families in employment countries and ratifying the convention as soon as possible.
文摘Q： What progress has China＇s journalism circle made over the past 30 years of reform and opening up？ How do you assess the situation in China＇s journalism？
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61976064)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62172123).
文摘The problem of data island hinders the application of big data in artificial intelligence model training,so researchers propose a federated learning framework.It enables model training without having to centralize all data in a central storage point.In the current horizontal federated learning scheme,each participant gets the final jointly trained model.No solution is proposed for scenarios where participants only provide training data in exchange for benefits,but do not care about the final jointly trained model.Therefore,this paper proposes a newboosted tree algorithm,calledRPBT(the originator Rights Protected federated Boosted Tree algorithm).Compared with the current horizontal federal learning algorithm,each participant will obtain the final jointly trained model.RPBT can guarantee that the local data of the participants will not be leaked,while the final jointly trained model cannot be obtained.It is worth mentioning that,from the perspective of the participants,the scheme uses the batch idea to make the participants participate in the training in random batches.Therefore,this scheme is more suitable for scenarios where a large number of participants are jointly modeling.Furthermore,a small number of participants will not actually participate in the joint training process.Therefore,the proposed scheme is more secure.Theoretical analysis and experimental evaluations show that RPBT is secure,accurate and efficient.
文摘The object of criminal legal aid refers to the person in a criminal case who has the right or eligibility toapply for legal assistance and who receives it. According to jurispru- dence, the object （or aid recipient） is a party in a given legal case, who is granted legal aid. They are often among the disadvantaged group in criminal cases, since most of them are mentally challenged, lack free- dom or have health problems.＇ Both international and domestic laws have certain norms regarding objects of criminal legal aid. Our domestic law places more emphasis on ＂defen- dants＂ while downplaying ＂suspects＂ and ＂victims＂ in identifying objects.
文摘Chinese trade unions have always been keen on devel- oping and protecting worker rights. Today, they have the task of helping build up harmonious labor relations. By working to properly handle letters and visits, union orga- nizations aim at resolving problems workers are most concerned with, problems that are most practical and affect the immediate interests of work- ers. The job is of great significance to the country＇s endeavor to ensure decent labor and social stability.
文摘On December 18, 1979, the 34th General Assembly of the United Nations adopted the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women with an overwhelming majority of the votes in its favor. Over the past 30 years, the Convention has come to be known by increasing numbers of governments and people, particularly women＇s organizations. It has played an increasingly great role in protecting women＇s rights and enhancing women＇s status in society.
基金the National Social Science Fund Major Project“Research on the Construction of Systems Applicable Outside the Chinese Jurisdiction in the Perspec-tive of Private International Law”(Project Approval Number 20&ZD202)the National Social Science Fund Key Project“Empirical Research on Judges’Discretion in Foreign-related Civil Trials in China”(Project Approval Number 19AFX026).
文摘Personality rights are basic rights related to human dignity in the concept of human rights protection,and respect for personality rights is the basic prerequisite for safeguarding other human rights.Human rights protection exerts a profound impact on the value of legislation and enforcement practices of private international laws in the field of cross-border personality rights infringement in various countries,which is mainly manifested in the integration of substantive justice and the humanistic care concept of protecting the rights of vulnerable groups into formal justice,and expands the development space of human rights protection ideas in cross-border personality rights and tort conflict laws.the diversity of human rights protection values determines that cross-border personality rights infringement may lead to conflicts between personality rights and other basic rights,such as freedom of speech.to reconcile such conflicts,a workable method is to prioritize personality rights protection in accordance with the hierarchy of rights theory in the value judgment of public order reservation or to clarify the limits of the right holder’s tolerance obligation through the limited application of the principle of proportionality.China’s current cross-border personality rights and tort conflict law can optimize the protection of the rights of vulnerable groups by diversifying the options of available legal methods,and establish a balancing mechanism between personality rights and freedom of speech,so as to improve China’s legal protection system for human rights in the field of foreign-related civil and commercial affairs.
基金funded by the National Social Science Foundation of China (Grant No.14BFX161)
文摘Subjects in clinical trials, either patients with the target disease or healthy vohmteers, inevitably run a risk of injury or even death. To protect human subjects＇ rights to life and health, the Declaration of Helsinki has been developed as ＂a statement of ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. Though widely regarded as a milestone in human research ethics, it is not a law or regulation, and is unable to effectively protect human subjects＇ rights. In this context, China beefs up its legal protection of clinical trial subjects.
文摘As an important rectifying mechanism to the involved parties-oriented civil litigation model,the mandatory attorney system requires the involved parties of a lawsuit to appoint a lawyer to represent them in the litigation,otherwise they will be rejected because the litigation requirements aren’t met.This seems to restrict the litigants’right to initiate a lawsuit by themselves.Through the arrangement of the system for the participation of lawyers in some litigation procedures,stages,and cases,coupled with the legal principle of litigation costs,the litigation costs sharing mechanism,legal aid,and other related supporting systems,it is not only a substantive guarantee for the litigants’right of action,but also can even strengthen the protection of the litigants’right of action in civil litigation.Based on the need to effectively protect and strengthen the litigants’right of action,combined with its civil litigation system and judicial operation environment,China should adopt a phased and gradual strategy to introduce and implement the mandatory attorney system in civil litigation while constantly improving its lawyer system,litigation costs system,legal aid system,and other related supporting systems.
基金the National Social Science Fund major project“Study on the Construction of a Barrier-Free Environment”(Project Approval Number 22&ZD186).
文摘The construction of a barrier-free environment contains a rich connotation of human rights protection,and is closely related to the study of human rights protection in China.With the evolution of the concept of barrier-free design and the expansion of its beneficiary groups,constructing a barrier-free environment has become a basic task that benefits all members of society and meets the public needs of all the people,with its core goal expanding from the protection of the rights of the disabled to the protection of the basic rights and interests of all members of society.Building a barrier-free environment from the perspective of the Marxist human rights concept is conducive to safeguarding the people’s right to subsistence and development,and at the same time,it satisfies their demand for the right to pursue a high-quality and better life and reflects the common vision of everyone in society fully enjoying human rights.promoting the construction of a barrier-free environment in terms of legal protection based on China’s institutional advantages can improve and innovate the country’s legislation on the construction of a barrier-free environment,so as to play an exemplary and guiding role in enhancing the international barrier-free level and enable all people to enjoy the good life created through the drive to build a barrier-free environment.
文摘On March 26,2023,a Seminar on Chinese Democracy and Human Rights Protection was held,jointly organized by the National Human Rights Education and Training Base and the Human Rights Research Center of Central South University under the guidance of the Chinese Society for Human Rights Studies.The event adopted a combination of online and offline channels.Over 30 experts and scholars from universities,research institutions,and practical departments across the country participated in extensive discussions on“Theoretical and Practical Aspects of Chinese Democracy and Protection of Human Rights.”The seminar aimed to focused on the essence,characteristics,advantages,and human rights implications of Chinese democracy and interpreted the concept of Chinese democracy and the protection of human rights through academic and theoretical methods.
文摘The process of legislative protection for women’s rights and interests of the new China can be divided into two phases: The first phase is from the establishment of the People’s Republic of China to the adoption of the policy of reform and opening up to the outside
文摘The protection of human rights inherently related to modern state-governance. On the one hand, human rights protection is the foundation and criteria for modern state-governance, characterized by democracy, rule of law and civility, with human rights as a cross-cutting theme in all these elements. On the other hand, human rights protection provides conditions and motives for modernizing state governance. Human rights are pursued as a fundamental value in modern state-governance. Human rights protection is also a driving force for good governance and a touchstone for the modernity of governance.
文摘Based on the guardianship system in the General Principles of the Civil Law, the General Provisions of the Civil Law establish the three concepts of respecting the true will of the ward, benefiting the ward to the greatest extent, and moderate intervention of public power in guardianship. The three concepts are embodied in the specific provisions of the guardianship system, highlighting respect for and protection of human rights under the spirit of the Constitution as well as the human rights concept of protecting the interests of this vulnerable group, improving the scope of protecting the human rights of minors, the disabled and the elderly in the Chinese guardianship system. The General Provisions of the Civil Law expand the functions and types of the guardianship system, enrich and perfect the guardianship system for minors, and clearly stipulate the conditions and means for disqualifying guardians, and arranging temporary custody and state custody. They expand the scope of guardianship for minors, respond to the reality of increasing guardianship needs and the aging of Chinese society, dovetail with the international community’s concept of respecting and safeguarding the rights of the elderly and adults with disabilities, and reflect the law moving with the times. The Specific Provisions on Marriage and Family under the General Provisions of the Civil Law now being compiled should refine and enrich the guardianship system under the framework of the guardianship system in the General Provisions, so that they become the rules of conduct that is practically feasible and enforceable in judgments.
文摘The relation between Anti-terrorism and human rights Protection is rather complicated. Based on the practices in Africa, this article analyses the conflicts and contradictions between the two. While countering terrorism, governments have to take the duty of human rights protection as well. Rights are of key importance in preventing and countering terrorism. Integrating human rights construction into antiterrorism mechanism is rather helpful in eliminating various moods of dissatisfaction which are easy to breed terrorism.
