Isolation of tomato proteinase inhibitor Ⅱ gene and the function of its intron

The genomic DNA sequence of tomato pro-teinase inhibitor II gene (named tin2i, whose accession number in GenBank is AF007240) was isolated by PCR techniques. The intron sequence (TPI), with a length of 109 bp, owns typical structures of GT/AG dinucieotides at both ends and high content of AT base pairs which accounts for 80.7% of the total nucleotides. As shown by recombination experiment, the TPI sequence could efficiently promote the expression of the reporter gene gusA and this effect was independent of the position and orientation of the intron, thus showing its role as an enhancer. Such experiments as gel retardation assays, GUS histochemical staining and GUS fluorometric assays further demonstrated that TPI sequence maybe has promoter-like activity.

Transgenic Tobacco Plants by Cotransformation With Proteinase Inhibitor Ⅱ and δ-endotoxin Genes

In recent years, great progress has been made in. producing plants resistant to insect attack by genetic engineering of B. t δ-endotoxin gene or plant proteinase inhibitor genes, and how to avoid the emergence of the insect resistance to B. t δ-endotoxin produced by transgenic plants has been paid attention to. To combine one B. t δ-endotoxin gene with an incompatible B. t δ-endotoxin gene or with other genes such as proteinase inhibitor gene might alleviate the insect resistance problem. In this note, we study the

Correlation of Inhibitor Proteinase in Varieties and Lines of Cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.) to Different Geographic Population of Verticillium dathliae Klebahn

Breeding for wilt resistance and its theoretical basis are primarily responsible for increases in cotton yield and fiber quality. Breeding for immunity is the most efficient method in our struggle with infectious diseases.

Molecular Cloning of a Thiol Proteinase Inhibitor Gene and Its Expression in E.coli

A cDNA library was constructed with 1.5×10~6 pfu from rice immature seeds,fromwhich a cDNA clone for rice thiol proteinase inhibitor,oryzacystatin(OC),was isolated byscreening with synthesized oligodeoxynucleotide probe,which contained a 309bp open read-ing frame,84bp 5′-end noncoding region and a poly(A)signal AATAAA at the 3′-end fol-lowed by 31Nt poly(A).Then the coding region of OC was amplified and inserted into thedownstream of λP_RP_L promoter for thermal-inducible expression in E.coli.Shifting the cul-ture temperature from 30℃ to 42℃ led to a high level expression of OC,which exhibited adistinct band of 12.0 kDa and accounted for at least 10% of the total soluble proteins fromSDS-PAGE.The papain-inhibitory activity of the expressed OC was further confirmed.

On the Activities of Pancreatic Proteases and Alpha-1 Proteinase Inhibitor in Meat-Type Chicken

The study was aimed at the evaluation of the effects of breed, age, different digestion stimulators, and dietary crude protein (CP) level on the activities of proteolytic enzymes in pancreatic tissue and duodenal chymus (in vivo), serum trypsin and α1-proteinase inhibitor (A1PI) concentrations in meat-type chicks. The study of age dynamics of trypsin and A1PI concentrations was performed on the chicks of hybrid cross “Smena-8”and two parental lines (Plymouth Rock and Cornish) fed standard commercial corn-wheat-SBM diets. Twenty birds per breed were euthanized at 1, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days of age to obtain blood samples and pancreatic homogenate. Experiments on the effects of different digestion promotors (probiotic, acidifier, phytobiotic, enzymatic preparation) and different CP levels (finisher diet, CP 20%, vs. ground corn, CP 8.5%) were performed on 12 hybrid chicks with fistulated duodenum from 14 to 50 days of age. The following conclusions were made: 1) At 1 day of age high proteolytic activity in pancreatic tissue and maximal serum concentrations of trypsin and A1PI were found in both hybrid and parental lines. Since 7 to 35 days of age A1PI concentration was nearly constant, serum trypsin concentration decreased while proteolytic activity in pancreatic tissue exhibited undulate increase;2) Proteolytic activity in pancreatic tissue was higher in hybrids compared to the parental lines from 7 to 35 days of age (p 0.05);3) Supplementation of diet with exogenous enzymes stimulated the digestion due to the increase in protease activity in duodenal chymus by 9.1% compared to unsupplemented control (p 0.05);4) Proteolytic activity in duodenal chymus significantly responded to the substitution of ground corn for the complete diet by 2-fold decrease while serum trypsin concentration responded by 2.5-fold increase (p 0.001). This fact can indicate that physiological functions of digestive proteases are not confined to the digestive processes.

Cloning and Sequence Analysis of a Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitor Gene from Seedless Litchi

[Objective] This study aimed to clone and analyze the cysteine proteinase inhibitor gene from seedless litchi. [Method] According to the EST se- quence of cysteine proteinase inhibitor in constructed SSH snhtraetive library of seedless litchi abortion, nucleotide sequence of the cysteine proteinase inhibitor gene was obtained by using RACE technology and analyzed by using bioinformatics software. [ Result ] A cysteine protease inhibitor gene was obtained with the sequence of 635 bp containing a 321 bp open reading frame. It was predicted that the erlcoded protein contained 106 amino acids with conserved domain of cysteine proteinase inhibitor and had relatively high homology with the cysteine proteinase inhibitor gene of several species, [ Conclusion] This study laid the foundation for further ex- ploring the physiological functions of this cysteine proteinase inhibitor gene in plants.

Studies on Introduction of Arrowhead Proteinase Inhibitor Gene into N． tobacco Protoplasts

The Arrowhead Proteinase Inhibitor(API)gene was introduced into the protoplasts or mesophyll cells of N.tobacco by PEG-mediated.The transformed protoplasts undergoing dirrerentiation of callus and regeneration of plantlet have been growing into transgenic plants. Restriction endonuclease analysis of products amplificated by PCR indicates the existence of the API gene in the transformed plantlet.The extract of the leaves from the transformed plants shows trypsin inhibitory activity,which indicates the expression of the introduced API gene and the transformed plants can accumulate the inhibitor. However, the variation of the inhlbitory activity of the transformed plants reveals the importance of the integration site of the API gene in the genome.

A Copper(Ⅱ)Complex Based on N-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-L-serine:Synthesis,Crystal Structure and Inhibitory Activity on PTP1B and TCPTP

A novel copper（II） complex with the reduced Schiff base, [Cu（L）2]·H2O （I, HL = N-（4-hydroxybenzyl）-L-serine）, was prepared in aqueous solution and characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Complex I crystallizes in the orthorhombic system, space group P212121, with a = 8.9040（18）, b = 9.1530（18）, c = 24.891（5）A^°, V = 2028.6（7） A^°3, Z = 4, C20H26CuN2O9, Mr = 501.97, Dc = 1.644g·cm^3, μ = 1.135 mm^-1, F（000） = 1044, GOOF = 1.194, the final R = 0.0484 and wR = 0.1420 for 6186 observed reflections （I 〉 2σ（I））. In I, two L^- anions are coordinated to the copper ion in tridentate and bidentate chelating modes, respectively, resulting in the coordinated geometry of copper ion to be a distorted square pyramid. The intermolecular hydrogen bonds between the complexes, complexes and lattice water molecules lead to a 2D supramolecular network. The bioactivity of the complex as a potential PTPs inhibitory agent in vitro was investigated, displaying potent inhibition against PTP1B （IC50, 0.27 μM） and TCPTP （IC50, 0.57 μM） with a moderate selectivity.

Effect of quercetin on expression of matrix metallo - proteinases and tissue inhibi tor of matalloproteinase -1 in cultured rat hepatic stellate cells

Objective: To study the effects of quercetin (QU) on matrix metallo-proteinases (MMPs), the tissue inhibitor of matalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), procollagen I and 2 proteoglycans (decorin and biglycan) mRNA expression in cultured rat hepatic stellate cell line HSC-T6 cells.Methods: Cells were treated with different concentrations of QU (12.5, 25, 50 μmol/L) or drug solvent (0.1 % Me2SO) for 24 h.mRNA expression was determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Results: QU (12.5 - 50 μmol/L) enhanced collagenase (rat MMP-13) and membrane type1-MMP (MMP-14) mRNA expression, decreased procollagen I mRNA expression in a concentration-dependent manner, but did not affect gelatinase-A (MMP-2), TIMP-1, decorin and biglycan expression.Conclusion: QU may decrease matrix deposition and increase matrix degradation, which might be beneficial to liver fibrosis.

Current Role of Platelet Glycoprotein Ⅱ b/Ⅲ a Receptor Inhibitors in Clinical Trials of Cardiovascular Diseases

Thrombosis formation on disrupted atherosclerotic plaque is the most common acuse of cardiovascular diseases, in the pathophysiology, increased platelet reactivity is a descriptor of the risk of cardiovascular events in healthy persons and in patients with overt coronary artery disease. Regardless of the stimulus for activation platelet-platelet interation and thrombus formation is ultimately regulated through the GP Ⅱ b/Ⅲ a receptor

老年高危心血管病患者应用依洛尤单抗的有效性及安全性研究

目的探讨老年高危心血管病患者应用依洛尤单抗治疗的有效性和安全性。方法纳入2019年11月至2022年11月在解放军总医院第一、二、六、八医学中心心内科住院的经常规他汀类药物治疗后血脂控制不达标的心血管病高危患者153例,根据患者年龄分为非老年组(<60岁)46例,60~74岁老年组66例,≥75岁老年组41例,均按指南应用依洛尤单抗治疗;选取同期在解放军总医院第一、二、六、八医学中心心内科住院血脂控制不达标的年龄≥75岁心血管病高危未应用依洛尤单抗患者50例为常规治疗组,应用一种他汀类药物联合依折麦布治疗。比较各组患者临床基线资料及用药第4、12周的血液指标和12周内药物不良反应及主要不良心血管事件(MACE)发生情况。结果非老年组、60~74岁老年组和≥75岁老年组用药第4、12周低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)和总胆固醇(TC)水平较基线降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01);3组用药第12周LDL-C、TC水平比较无显著差异(P>0.05)。非老年组、60~74岁老年组、≥75岁老年组用药12周内不良事件发生率比较无显著差异(2.2%vs 3.0%vs 2.4%,P>0.05)。≥75岁老年组和常规治疗组用药第12周LDL-C、TC水平显著低于基线(P<0.05,P>0.01);≥75岁老年组用药第12周LDL-C水平显著低于常规治疗组[(1.36±0.44)mmol/L vs(1.87±0.56)mmol/L,P<0.01]。≥75岁老年组和常规治疗组用药12周内MACE发生率比较无显著差异(12.2%vs 16.0%,P>0.05),2组生存率比较无显著差异(P=0.576)。结论各年龄组患者应用依洛尤单抗治疗均可在短期内取得良好疗效,75岁以上老年患者应用依洛尤单抗治疗同样具有良好的有效性和安全性。

碳酸酐酶Ⅱ及其抑制剂研究进展

碳酸酐酶Ⅱ是一种活性中心含有Zn2+、能催化CO2+H2OHCO3-+H+反应的金属酶。它广泛分布于人体多种组织、器官中,与人体酸碱平衡、青光眼、骨质疏松症、癌症等多种生理或病理过程密切相关,多年来一直备受关注。自从1992年高分辨率的碳酸酐酶Ⅱ晶体结构测定以来,其抑制剂研究发展较快,已有活性好、选择性强的抑制剂作为新药应用于临床。本文以碳酸酐酶Ⅱ结构、功能和抑制剂研究为重点,主要介绍近15年来该领域研究的一些重要进展。

生物合理设计光系统Ⅱ抑制剂研究(Ⅱ)3-苯甲氨基-2-氰基-3-甲硫基丙烯酸乙酯的晶体及分子结构

合成了具有良好光合作用抑制活性的标题化合物,测定了其晶体结构.确定了该类化合物的顺反构型,阐明了苯环与氨基间亚甲基对化合物抑制活性的重要作用,解释了氨基氢与酯羰基氧间没有形成氢键的原因.

血清胱抑素C和APACHEⅡ评分系统在ICU急性肾损伤患者中的预后价值

目的探讨ICU急性肾损伤(AKI)患者血清中胱抑素C(cystatin C)与急性病理生理学和慢性健康评价(APACHE)Ⅱ评分的关联性,初步评价两者在ICUAKI患者中的预后价值。方法选取2010年6月至2011年5月该院ICU收治的32例AKI患者(AKI组)的血液标本,均符合AKI诊断标准。记录其cystatin C的变化,同时收集临床资料,包括性别,年龄,慢性疾病史,24h内各种化验指标(血常规、血气分析、肾功能、血电解质等)的最差值,并对其进行APACHEⅡ评分。AKI组分为存活组和死亡组,另外选取同期入住ICU未发生AKI患者20例作为非AKI组。结果 32例AKI组患者,死亡11例,死亡率34.4%。cystatin C水平随APACHEⅡ评分增多而升高,存活组与死亡组之间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),Logistic回归分析显示cystatin C升高结合APACHEⅡ≥15分,少尿与AKI患者死亡率密切相关(P<0.05)。结论对ICU AKI患者进行综合治疗的前提下,cystatin C升高结合APACHEⅡ评分≥15分可以作为评价AKI患者预后的指标。

双肾血流阻力指数联合脂肪特异性丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂预测2型糖尿病肾脏疾病患者肾功能的价值

目的探讨双肾血流阻力指数联合脂肪特异性丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂(visceral adipose tissue-derived serine protease inhibitor,Vaspin)预测2型糖尿病肾脏疾病患者肾功能的价值。方法选取2021年8月至2022年8月秦皇岛市第一医院收治的108例2型糖尿病肾脏疾病患者,入院后进行彩色多普勒超声检查,测量患者双肾血流阻力指数,将患者分为肾血流阻力指数升高组40例和肾血流阻力指数正常组68例。采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测血清Vaspin水平,并搜集患者临床资料;采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析影响肾血流阻力指数升高的危险因素。采用Pearson分析肾血流阻力指数、Vaspin与临床资料的关系,根据肾血流阻力指数、Vaspin绘制受试者工作特征曲线,以曲线下面积评估其对2型糖尿病肾脏疾病患者肾功能的预测价值。结果两组患者性别、糖尿病肾脏疾病分期、尿蛋白定量、血白蛋白、糖化血红蛋白、血尿酸、尿白蛋白与肌酐比值、尿α1微球蛋白、尿β2微球蛋白等一般资料比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);肾血流阻力指数升高组患者年龄[(56.33±5.19)岁比(50.78±5.24)岁]、糖尿病病程[(12.58±3.42)年比(10.13±3.25)年]、高血压(87.50%比61.76%)高于肾血流阻力指数正常组,而三酰甘油[(1.72±0.45)mmol/L比(2.11±0.58)mmol/L]、低密度脂蛋白[(2.33±0.57)mmol/L比(2.61±0.62)mmol/L]、血红蛋白[(102.39±21.64)g/L比(113.76±28.45)g/L]、左肾体积[(76.58±15.33)cm^(3)比(81.35±17.16)cm^(3)]、右肾体积[(71.62±12.39)cm^(3)比(80.47±16.51)cm^(3)]、估算肾小球滤过率[(40.37±12.58)mL·min^(-1)·(1.73 m^(2))-1比(52.14±13.26)mL·min^(-1)·(1.73 m^(2))^(-1)]、血清Vaspin水平[(1.52±0.38)μg/L比(1.74±0.43)μg/L]低于肾血流阻力指数正常组(P<0.05)。Pearson相关性分析结果显示,肾血流阻力指数与低密度脂蛋白、估算肾小球滤过率、血清Vaspin呈负相关关系(P<0.05),与血肌酐、尿白蛋白与肌酐比值呈正相关关系(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄≥55岁(OR=1.061,95%CI:1.036~1.086)、血肌酐升高(OR=1.012,95%CI:1.004~1.020)、估算肾小球滤过率升高(OR=1.037,95%CI:1.007~1.068)、血清Vaspin下降(OR=1.132,95%CI:1.053~1.217)是影响肾血流阻力指数升高的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。双肾血流阻力指数联合Vaspin预测2型糖尿病肾脏疾病患者肾功能进展的曲线下面积为0.79,敏感性和特异性分别为82.49%、68.73%。结论双肾血流阻力指数升高、血清Vaspin水平降低是影响2型糖尿病肾脏疾病患者肾功能的独立危险因素,二者联合检测对预测2型糖尿病肾脏疾病患者肾功能进展具有较好预测价值。

血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂和血管紧张素Ⅱ受体拮抗剂对高血压患者血管僵硬度作用差异的Meta分析

目的系统评价血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂(ACEI)和血管紧张素Ⅱ受体拮抗剂(ARB)对高血压患者动脉僵硬度作用的差异。方法计算机检索Cochrane图书馆临床对照试验资料库(CCRCT)、PubMed、EMBase、万方数据库、中国学术期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBMdisc)、维普数据库(VIP)。检索时间为各数据库建库至2012年1月。纳入采用ACEI或ARB治疗原发性高血压患者的随机对照试验(RCT),采用RevMan5.0软件进行统计分析。比较ACEI和ARB对高血压患者脉搏波传导速度、收缩压、舒张压等指标的影响。结果共检索到相关文献833篇,初筛后收集到符合标准的文献51篇,进一步筛选纳入6项RCT,共计231例患者。Meta分析结果表明,ACEI在改善动脉僵硬度方面优于ARB,差异有统计学意义〔肱-踝脉搏波速度差(ΔbaPWV)=-113.53,95%CI(-152.21,-74.84)〕。但收缩压和舒张压降低程度间差异均无统计学意义〔收缩压差(ΔSBP)=2.09,95%CI(-2.50,6.67),P=0.37;舒张压差(ΔDBP)=1.75,95%CI(-1.55,5.04),P=0.30〕。结论 ACEI在改善高血压患者动脉僵硬度方面优于ARB。

生物合理设计光系统Ⅱ抑制剂研究(Ⅲ)——3-(4-氯苄胺基)-2-氰基-3-烷基丙烯酸酯类光合作用抑制剂的CoMFA研究

在除草剂的分子设计中，抑制光合作用除草剂的研究一直受到极大的关注．其中，氰基丙烯酸酯类化合物对光合作用中电子传递（即希尔反应）抑制活性较高［１，２］．研究表明，这类化合物在结构上的细微变化对希尔反应抑制活性的影响均很显著．因此，对这类抑制剂进行系统的...

不同启动子驱动下马铃薯蛋白酶抑制剂PinⅡ转基因水稻的遗传、表达和对粘虫抗性分析

以不同启动子驱动的马铃薯蛋白酶抑制剂Ⅱ基因(PinⅡ-2x,PinⅡ-4x)转基因水稻为材料,经潮霉素抗性、PCR和Southern blot等检测对转基因水稻后代进行了遗传分析。结果显示:外源基因在68.4%的转基因植株中符合孟德尔遗传模式,单拷贝植株率为63.6%。转基因植株后代的PinⅡ蛋白活性测定结果表明:ActI和Ubi驱动的PinⅡ-2x转基因水稻植株中,每克鲜叶片的PinⅡ蛋白含量为160μg和176μg,而由PIN5′驱动的PinⅡ-4x为104μg,对照水稻仅为20μg。ActI和Ubi驱动的PinⅡ表达产物对胰蛋白酶活性抑制程度分别达到37.7%和43.1%,明显高于PinⅡ自身启动子PIN5′(29.2%)。叶片饲养粘虫幼虫的实验表明:转基因植株叶片对粘虫有抗性,但抗性达不到显著水平,且启动子效率、PinⅡ表达量与抗粘虫性之间也没有相关性。

二倍体马铃薯蛋白酶抑制剂Ⅱ基因的克隆、序列分析及表达载体的构建

根据GenBank发表的四倍体马铃薯栽培种(Solanum.tuberosum)来源的马铃薯蛋白酶抑制剂Ⅱ基因序列,用PCR方法从二倍体马铃薯IVP101(Solanum.phurejia)cDNA文库和基因组DNA扩增得到马铃薯蛋白酶抑制剂Ⅱ的cDNA和DNA,命名为PINⅡ2x。测序表明,PINⅡ2x基因组DNA全长580bp,含有一个115bp的内含子,cDNA有462bp(除去终止密码子)。推测的PINⅡ2x分子量是16.6kD,等电点6.08。与其他马铃薯蛋白抑制剂Ⅱ同源性比较表明,核苷酸同源性高达88%;推测的氨基酸序列同源性为93%,并具有相同的活性中心。RT PCR表明,PINⅡ2x的mRNA在叶片中具有强烈的伤害诱导表达特性。同时,构建了分别以水稻ActⅠ启动子和玉米Ubi启动子驱动PINⅡ2x基因的双元载体。

莱菔硫烷诱导Ⅱ相酶表达保护大鼠脊髓运动神经元

目的探讨Ⅱ相酶诱导剂莱菔硫烷(SF)对运动神经元的保护作用。方法应用SD乳鼠脊髓体外器官型培养模型,随机分成3组:对照组、THA组和SF联合THA组。用免疫组化法检测运动神经元数目,用Westernblot法检测Ⅱ相酶蛋白水平。结果THA干预后运动神经元数目较对照组明显减少(P<0.05,n=10～15),而应用SF预处理48h,再给予SF和THA联合处理3周后,运动神经元数目较THA组明显增加(P<0.05,n=10～15),同时Ⅱ相酶NQO-1和HO-1表达明显升高(P<0.05,n=3)。结论SF通过诱导Ⅱ相酶NQO-1和HO-1的表达,可以有效预防THA引起的运动神经元损伤。