Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and the Large Hadron Collider for Heavy Ion Fusion

Heavy Ion Fusion makes use of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider at Brookhaven National Lab and the Large Hadron Collider in Geneva, Switzerland for Inertial Confinement Fusion. Two Storage Rings, which may or may not initially be needed, added to each of the Colliders increases the intensity of the Heavy Ion Beams making it comparable to the Total Energy delivered to the DT target by the National Ignition Facility at the Lawrence Livermore Lab. The basic Physics involved gives Heavy Ion Fusion an advantage over Laser Fusion because heavy ions have greater penetration power than photons. The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider can be used as a Prototype Heavy Ion Fusion Reactor for the Large Hadron Collider.

Lambda polarization at the Electron-ion collider in China

Lambda polarization can be measured through its self-analyzing weak decay, making it an ideal candidate for studying spin effects in high-energy scattering. In lepton-nucleon deep inelastic scattering(DIS), Lambda polarization measurements can probe polarized parton distribution functions(PDFs) and polarized fragmentation functions(FFs). One of the most promising facilities for high-energy nuclear physics research is the proposed Electron-ion collider in China(EicC). As a next-generation facility, EicC is set to advance our understanding of nuclear physics to new heights. In this article, we study the Lambda production in electron-proton collisions at the EicC energy, in particular the reconstruction of Lambda based on the performance of the designed EicC detector. In addition, taking spontaneous transverse polarization as an example, we provide a theoretical prediction with a statistical projection based on one month of EicC data, offering valuable insights into future research prospects.

Single Charged Top-Pion Production at the Next Generation e^＋e^- Colliders

The single charged top-pion production processes e+e- → tbПt- and e+e- → W+Пt- are studied in the framework of top-color-assisted technicolor (TC2) model.Our studies show that the cross section σ(e+e-→tbП-t) reaches the level of tens of fb andσ(e+e-→W+П-t) reaches the level of a few fb. With the yearly integrated luminosity of (ξ) ～ 500 fb-1 expected at the planned colliders, one could collect thousands of charged top-pion of events via the process e+e-→tbП-t and hundreds of events via the process e+e-→W+П-t.The flavor changing decay mode П-t→bc is the best channel to detect charged top-pion due to the clean SM background. With a large number of events and the clean background, the charged top-pion should be observable at the planned colliders. Therefore, our studies in this paper can help us to search for charged top-pion, and furthermore, to test the TC2 model.

An SLC-Type e<sup>+</sup/>e<sup>&minus;</sup/>/γγ Facility at a Future Circular Collider

It is proposed to place the arcs of an SLC-type facility inside the tunnel of a Future Circular Collider (FCC). Accelerated by a linear accelerator (linac), electron and positron beams would traverse the bending arcs in opposite directions and collide at centre-of-mass energies considerably exceeding those attainable at circular e+e&minus;colliders. The proposed SLC-type facility would have the same luminosity as a conventional two-linace e+e&minus;collider. Using an optical free-electron laser, the facility could be converted into a γγ collider. A superconducting L-band linac at the proposed facility may form a part of the injector chain for a 100-TeV proton collider in the FCC tunnel. The whole accelerator complex would serve as a source of e+e&minus;, γγ, pp and ep interactions. The L-band linac could also be used to produce high-intensity neutrino, kaon and muon beams for fixed-target experiments, as well as X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) photons for applications in material science and medicine.

An <i>e</i>⁺<i>e</i>^-/<i>γγ</i>/<i>ep</i>Accelerator Complex at a Future Circular Collider

This is the second paper by the author describing versatile accelerator complexes that could be built at a Future Circular Collider (FCC) in order to produce e+e-, γγ and ep collisions. The facility described here features an ILC-based e+e- collider placed tangentially to the FCC tunnel. If the collider is positioned asymmetrically with respect to the FCC tunnel, electron (or positron) bunches could be accelerated by both linacs before they are brought into collision with the 50-TeV beams from the FCC proton storage ring (FCC-pp). The two linacs may also form a part of the injector chain for FCC-pp. The facility could be converted into a γγ collider or a source of multi-MW beams for fixed-target experiments.

Measuring Mass and Spin of Dark Matter Particles with the Aid Energy Spectra of Single Lepton and Dijet at the e⁺e^-Linear Collider

In many models stability of Dark Matter particles D is ensured by conservation of a new quantum number referred to as D -parity. Our models also contain charged D -odd particles D± with the same spin as D. (For more information,please refer to the PDF.)

Beam-beam effects and mitigation in a future proton-proton collider

The beam-beam effects in a hadron collider with an unprecedented energy scale were studied.These effects are strongly related to the attainable luminosity of the collider.Long-range interactions were identified as the major factor limiting the dynamic aperture,which is strongly dependent on the crossing angle,β*,and bunch population.Different mitigation methods of the beam-beam effects were addressed,with a focus on the compensation of long-range interactions by electric curren wires.The CEPC-SPPC project is a two-stage large circular collider,with a first-stage circular electron-positron collider(CEPC)and a second-stage super proton-proton collider(SPPC).The design of the SPPC aims to achieve a center-of-mass energy of 75 TeV and peak luminosity of approximately 1×10^(35) cm^(-2)s^(-1).We studied the beam-beam effects in the SPPC and tested the effectiveness of the mitigation methods.We found that with compensation using electric current wires,the dynamic aperture is at an acceptable level.Moreover,considering the significant emittance damping in this future proton-proton collider the beam-beam effects and compensation are more complicated and are studied using long-term tracking.It was found that with a smaller emittance,the head-on interactions with a crossing angle become more prominent in reducing the beam stability,and combined head-on and long-range compensation is needed to improve the beam quality.When the reduction in population owing to burnoff was included,it was found that the coupling between the transverse and longitudinal planes at smaller emittance is the main driving source of the instabilities.Thus,crab cavities and emittance control are also necessary than just the compensation of the long-range interactions to improve the beam stability.This study serves as an example for studying the beam-beam effects in future proton-proton colliders.

Unparticle Effects on Top Quark Pair Production at Photon Collider

在未来光子 collider 的 t 生产上的 unparticle 效果被调查。为关于标准的最高的夸克的横向的动量的不变的质量和那建模的 t 和 unparticle 生产的分布被预言。有分级的 unparticle 贡献的一条奇怪的山谷为 d 从 unparticle 由于在从 SM 和那的贡献之间的大取消的 u , 。这个人物可以被用来学习分级的 unparticle 的性质。如果它存在，我们的调查也证明分级的 unparticle 可以在光子 collider 在 tproduction 起一个重要作用。

Wireless Network Requirements and Solutions for the Future Circular Collider:A Hostile Indoor Environment

The European organization for nuclear research(CERN)is planning a high performance particle collider by 2050,which will update the currently used Large Hadron Collider(LHC).The design of the new experiment facility includes the definition of a suitable communication infrastructure to support the future needs of scientists.The huge amount of data collected by the measurement devices call for a data rate of at least 1 Gb/s per node,while the need of timely control of instruments requires a low latency of the order of 0.01μs.Moreover,the main tunnel will be 100 km long,and will need appropriate coverage for voice and data traffic,in a special underground environment subject also to strong radiations.Reliable voice,data and video transmission in a tunnel of this length is necessary to ensure timely and localized intervention,reducing access time.In addition,using wireless communication for voice,control and data acquisition of accelerator technical systems could lead to a significant reduction in cabling costs,installation times and maintenance efforts.The communication infrastructure of the Future Circular Collider(FCC)tunnel must be able to circumvent the problems of radioactivity,omnipresent in the tunnel.Current technologies transceivers cannot transmit in such a severely radioactive environment.This is due to the immediate destruction of any active or passive equipment by radioactivity.The scope of this paper is to determine the feasibility of robust wireless transmission in an underground radioactive tunnel environment.The network infrastructure design to meet the demand will be introduced,and the performance of different wireless technologies will be evaluated.

Production of Top-Pions Associated with W Boson at Next Generation γγ Colliders

In the context of topcolor-assisted technicolor (TC2) model,we study the charged and neutral top-pionsproduction process γγ→ W^+П_t^-П_t^0.We find that the production cross section is larger than that of the processγγ→ W^+H^-H in the minimal supersymmetric standard model.With reasonable values of the parameters in the TC2model,the cross section can reach the level of a few fb.Furthermore,the flavor-changing (FC) decay mode П_t^0 → tc isthe best channel to detect the neutral top-pion due to the clean SM background.With a large number of events and theclean background,the neutral top-pion should be observable at future linear colliders operating in γγ mode at the TeVenergy scale.

Charged Top-Pion Production at Hadron Colliders

We studied the charged top-pion in the topcolor assisted technicolor model(TC2).If the charged top-pionsare heavy,m_(πt)>m_t+m_b,they will decay mainly via the channel π_t^+→tb^-.We also calculated the production of chargedtop-pion at the Tevatron and LHC.The cross section can reach to 100 fb at the Tevatron and dozens of pb at the LHCdepending on the mass of the top-pion.

The B - L ＋ xY Model and the Higgs-strahlung Processes at a Collider

The gauge extension of the standard model with the U（1）B-L＋xy symmetry predicts the existence of a lightgauge boson Z′ with small couplings to ordinary fermions. We discuss its contributions to the muon anomalous magnetic moment αμ. Taking account of the constraints on the relevant free parameters, we further calculate the contributions of the light gauge boson Z′ to the Higgs-strahlung processes e＋ e-→ZH and e＋ e- →Z′H.

SUSY QCD Impact on Top-Pair Production Associated with a Z^0-Boson at a Photon-Photon Collider

The top-pair production in association with a Z^0-boson at a photon-photon collider is an important processin probing the coupling between top-quarks and vector boson and discovering the signature of possible new physics.Wedescribe the impact of the complete supersymmetric QCD (SQCD) next-to-leading order (NLO) radiative correctionson this process at a polarized or unpolarized photon collider,and make a comparison between the effects of the SQCDand the standard model (SM) QCD.We investigate the dependence of the lowest-order (LO) and QCD NLO correctedcross sections in both the SM and minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM) on colliding energy s^(1/2) in differentpolarized photon collision modes.The LO,SM NLO,and SQCD NLO corrected distributions of the invariant mass oftt-pair and the transverse momenta of final Z^0-boson are presented.Our numerical results show that the pure SQCDeffects in γγ→ ttZ^0 process can be more significant in the ++ polarized photon collision mode than in other collisionmodes,and the relative SQCD radiative correction in unpolarized photon collision mode varies from 32.09% to-1.89%when s^(1/2) goes up from 500 GeV to 1.5 TeV.

Associated Productions of HZZ and HHZ at Linear Colliders in Large Extra Dimension Model

在这篇论文，我们在两 unpolarizedand 在线性 colliders 在二过程 e~+e~- → H~0Z~0Z~0 和 e~+e~- → H~0H~0Z~0 上调查大额外的尺寸的效果极化的碰撞模式。我们发现虚拟 Kaluza-Klein graviton 交换罐头显著地为这二个过程从他们的标准模型期望提高生气的节。过程e~+e~-→ H~0Z~0Z~0 上的带的效果在有效规模女士上给予观察限制到的结果表演在 theunpolarized 和+-被探查直到 9.75 TeV 和 10.1 TeV (λ_e+= 1/2 ，λ_e-=-1/2)极化了横梁碰撞模式(与P_e+= 0.6 ， P_e-= 0.8 )分别地。为过程 e~+e~- → H~0H~0Z~0，女士上的这些限制能在 unpolarized 在 to6.06 TeV 和 6.38 TeV 上面被探查并且极化碰撞模式独立。我们发现λ _e+= 1/2，在两过程 e~+e~- → H~0Z~0Z~0 的λ _e-=-1/2 极化碰撞模式和 e~+e~- → H~0H~0Z~0 可以提供可能性在探查带的效果改进敏感。

Single t-Quark Productions via Flavor-Changing Processes in Topcolor-Assisted Technicolor Model at Hadron Colliders

在最高的帮助颜色的彩色印片法(TC2 ) 的框架当模特儿，在那里存在树级改变风味(FC ) 政变石楠，它能导致联合 tcg 的环级的 FC。联合的如此的 tcg 能在即将来临的大强子 Collider (LHC ) 实验贡献重要线索。在这篇论文，基于 TC2 模型，我们学习包含在 Tevatron 和 LHC 联合的 tcg 的一些单个 t 夸克生产过程：pp (p)&#8594; t (q = u， d， s ) ， tg。我们计算这些过程的生气的节。结果证明在 Tevatron 的生气的节太小，不能观察信号，但是在 LHC，它能到达一些 pb。与高光明， LHC 有可观的能力发现单个 t 夸克信号经由涉及联合 tcg 的一些 FC 进程生产了。在另一方面，这些过程能也向联合 tcg 的一些珍贵信息提供这些过程的详细学习并且而且提供可靠证据测试 TC2 模型。

Colliding Bodies Optimization with Machine Learning Based Parkinson’s Disease Diagnosis

Parkinson’s disease(PD)is one of the primary vital degenerative diseases that affect the Central Nervous System among elderly patients.It affect their quality of life drastically and millions of seniors are diagnosed with PD every year worldwide.Several models have been presented earlier to detect the PD using various types of measurement data like speech,gait patterns,etc.Early identification of PD is important owing to the fact that the patient can offer important details which helps in slowing down the progress of PD.The recently-emerging Deep Learning(DL)models can leverage the past data to detect and classify PD.With this motivation,the current study develops a novel Colliding Bodies Optimization Algorithm with Optimal Kernel Extreme Learning Machine(CBO-OKELM)for diagnosis and classification of PD.The goal of the proposed CBO-OKELM technique is to identify whether PD exists or not.CBO-OKELM technique involves the design of Colliding Bodies Optimization-based Feature Selection(CBO-FS)technique for optimal subset of features.In addition,Water Strider Algorithm(WSA)with Kernel Extreme Learning Machine(KELM)model is also developed for the classification of PD.CBO algorithm is used to elect the optimal set of fea-tures whereas WSA is utilized for parameter tuning of KELM model which alto-gether helps in accomplishing the maximum PD diagnostic performance.The experimental analysis was conducted for CBO-OKELM technique against four benchmark datasets and the model portrayed better performance such as 95.68%,96.34%,92.49%,and 92.36%on Speech PD,Voice PD,Hand PD Mean-der,and Hand PD Spiral datasets respectively.

基于碰撞的多方向压电电磁能量采集器研究

针对传统单悬臂梁能量采集器工作频带窄,采集效率低,采集方向单一的问题,提出了一种基于碰撞的多方向压电电磁能量采集器。分析了引入碰撞的过程和多种工作模式的理论功率输出,建立了能量采集器的理论模型,制作了实验样机,研究了z方向不同碰撞间距对压电工作模式电压输出的影响,计算了最佳间距下不同工作模式的功率输出结果。结果表明,在碰撞间距为3 mm时,z方向压电工作模式可在更多频段产生机械耦合效应,输出电压最高达19.94 V,带宽为20.5 Hz,在混合采集工作模式下在x方向和z方向输出最高功率分别为0.11 W、0.46 W,带宽分别为18.5 Hz、20.5 Hz。

1.74μm大应变InGaAs/InGaAsP半导体锁模激光器

针对光频梳、医学光声成像及痕量气体探测等应用需要,研制了一种InP基碰撞锁模半导体激光器,可在1.74μm波段实现重复频率为19.3GHz的高效锁模,其射频(RF)谱半高全宽(FWHM)约14kHz。在可饱和吸收区未加偏压时,激光器的阈值电流为83mA,最大出光功率可达到25.83mW。固定吸收区偏置电压在-1.6V,增益区驱动电流高于130mA时,锁模激光器开始输出微波射频信号,并且RF谱的FWHM随着电流增加可下降至十几kHz。固定驱动电流为520mA,在吸收区偏置电压从-1.4V降至-2V过程中,激光发射光谱逐渐展宽,在-2V偏压下,光谱的FWHM为9.88nm,包含40多个间隔为0.2nm的纵模。对比分析了不同驱动电流和偏置电压下的射频频谱和发射光谱的变化趋势,证明了该锁模器件具有高效、稳定的锁模机制。

Phenomenology of heavy neutral gauge boson at muon collider

Heavy neutral gauge boson Z' is proposed in many new physics models.It has rich phenomena at the future muon collider.We study the properties of Z' boson with the process of μ^(+)μ^(-)→qq,μ^(+)μ^(-)→l^(+)l^(-),μ^(+)μ^(-)→ ZH and μ^(+)μ^(-)→ W^(+)W^(-).The discrepancy of Z' coupling to different types of particles can be shown in the cross section distributions around the resonance peak of various decay modes.Angular distributions of the final quark or lepton in μ^(+)μ^(-)→qq/l^(+)l^(-)process are sensitive to the parameters such as mass of Z' and the Z-Z' mixing angle.The interaction of new gauge boson coupling to the standard model gauge particles and Higgs boson are also studied through μ^(+)μ^(-)→ ZH→l^(+)l^(-)bb and μ^(+)u^(-)→ W^(+)W^(-)→l^(+)l^(-)v_(l)v_(l).The cross section and the final particles' angular distributions with the contribution of Z' boson differ from those processes with only standard model particles.A forward-backward asymmetry defined by the angular distribution is provided to show the potential of searching for new physics at the muon collider.Especially,the beam polarization with certain value can effectively enlarge the forward-backward asymmetry.