Performance analysis of a novel chip tracking loop used for regenerative pseudo-noise ranging clock recovery

To improve the performance of composite pseudo-noise （PN） code clock recovery in a regenerative PN ranging system at a low symbol signal-to-noise ratio （SNR）, a novel chip tracking loop （CTL） used for regenerative PN ranging clock recovery is adopted. The CTL is a modified data transition tracking loop （DTTL）. The difference between them is that the Q channel output of the CTL is directly multiplied by a clock component, while that of the DTTL is multiplied by the Ⅰ channel transition detector output. Under the condition of a quasi-squareware PN ranging code, the tracking （ mean square timing jitter） performance of the CTL is analyzed. The tracking performances of the CTL and the DTTL, are compared over a wide range of symbol SNRs. The result shows that the CTL and the DTTL have the same performance at a large symbol SNR, while at a low symbol SNR, the former offers a noticeable enhancement.

Bit-Level Composite Signal Design for Simultaneous Ranging and Communication

As the complexity of space exploration missions augments,how to enhance the overall performance of communication,ranging or other functions has become a challengeable problem.Considering the integration of communication and ranging,we present a bit-level composite signal for simultaneous ranging and communication.In this composite method,through a specially designed mapping scheme using low-weight codewords,the information sequence is converted to a sparse sequence which is then superimposed on the ranging code.For ranging,the correlation characteristics of the ranging code component can be maintained to calculate the transmitter-receiver distance.For communications,the sparse sequence can be extracted without interference by eliminating the ranging code component.Simulation results show that the proposed composite signal can support communication and ranging simultaneously with limited sacrifice of ranging performance,and the performance loss of ranging can be controlled and minimized by lowering the density of information sequences using different sparsification encoding methods.

High resolution range profile analysis based on multicarrier phase-coded waveforms of OFDM radar

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing（OFDM） radar with multicarrier phase-coded waveforms has been recently introduced to achieve high range resolution.The conventional method for obtaining the high resolution range profile（HRRP） is based on matched filters.A method of synthesizing HRRP based on the fast Fourier transform（FFT） and decoding is proposed.The mathematical expressions of HRRP are derived by assuming an elementary scenario of point-scattering targets.Based on the characteristic of OFDM multicarrier signals,it mainly analyzes the influence on HRRP exerted by several factors,such as velocity compensation errors,the sampling frequency offset,and so on.The conclusions are significant for the design of the OFDM imaging radar.Finally,the simulation results demonstrate the validity of the conclusions.

An Unambiguity and Anti-Range Eclipse Method for PD Radar Using Biphase Coded Signals

Target detection is an important research content in the radar field.At present,efforts are being made to optimize the precision of detection information.In this paper,we use the high pulse repetition frequency(HPRF)transmission method and orthogonal biphase coded signals in each pulse to avoid velocity ambiguity and range ambiguity of radar detection.In addition,We also apply Walsh matrix and genetic algorithm(GA)to generate satisfying orthogonal biphase coded signals with low auto-correlation sidelobe peak and cross-correlation peak,which make the results more accurate.In a radar receiver,data rearrangement of echo signals is performed,and then pulse compression and moving target detection(MTD)are utilized to get the final velocity and range information of a target without velocity ambiguity and range ambiguity.Besides,a small transmitting pulse time width is adopted to reduce the working blind area,and two different high pulse repetition frequencies(HPRFs)are adopted to solve the problem of range eclipse.Simulation results finally prove the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method.

Buffer Overflow Detection on Binary Code

Most solutions for detecting buffer overflow are based on source code. But the requirement tor source code is not always practical especially for business software. A new approach was presented to detect statically the potential buffer overflow vulnerabilities in the binary code of software. The binary code was translated into assembly code without the lose of the information of string operation functions. The feature code abstract graph was constructed to generate more accurate constraint statements, and analyze the assembly code using the method of integer range constraint. After getting the elementary report on suspicious code where buffer overflows possibly happen, the control flow sensitive analysis using program dependence graph was done to decrease the rate of false positive. A prototype was implemented which demonstrates the feasibility and efficiency of the new approach.

REVERSE-RANGE-DOPPLER METHOD FOR AUTOMATED GEOCODING SAR IMAGES

Range-Doppler (RD) method and Reverse-Range-Doppler (RRD) method are combined together to achieve automatic geocoding of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) image quickly and accurately in the paper. The RD method is firstly used to locate the four corners of the image, then the other pixels of the image can be located by Reverse-Range-Doppler (RRD) method. Resampling is performed at last. The approach has an advantage over previous techniques in that it does not require ground control points and is independent of spacecraft attitude knowledge or control. It can compensate the shift due to the assumed Doppler frequency in SAR image preprocessing. RRD simplifies the process of RD, therefore speeds up the computation. The experimental results show that a SAR image can be automated geocoded in 30 s using the single CPU (3 GHz) with 1 G memory and an accuracy of 10 m is attainable with this method.

ModiΡed pseudo-noise code regeneration method

A modiΡed pseudo-noise（PN） code regeneration method is proposed to improve the clock tracking accuracy without impairing the code acquisition time performance.Thus,the method can meet the requirement of high accuracy ranging measurements in short time periods demanded by radio-science missions.The tracking error variance is derived by linear analysis.For some existing PN codes,which can be acquired rapidly,the tracking error variance performance of the proposed method is about 2.6 dB better than that of the JPL scheme（originally proposed by Jet Propulsion Laboratory）,and about 1.5 dB better than that of the traditional double loop scheme.

An Introduction to High Efficiency Video Coding Range Extensions

High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) is the latest international video coding standard, which can provide the similar quality with about half bandwidth compared with its predecessor, H.264/MPEG?4 AVC. To meet the requirement of higher bit depth coding and more chroma sampling formats, range extensions of HEVC were developed. This paper introduces the coding tools in HEVC range extensions and provides experimental results to compare HEVC range extensions with previous video coding standards. Ex?perimental results show that HEVC range extensions improve coding efficiency much over H.264/MPEG?4 AVC High Predictive profile, especially for 4K sequences.

可级联组网的无线时间比对系统设计

随着科技的发展,越来越多的场合需要实现多个终端间的纳秒量级高精度时间比对,例如现代化军事靶场、战场、雷达观测基地等。现阶段常用的纳秒量级多终端间的时间比对方法是导航卫星共视法,该方法需要搭建数据交换链路,应用的灵活性受限。本文基于无线伪随机码测距原理、双向时间比对原理和码分多址技术,设计出一套可以自适应组网的高精度时间比对系统,不需要额外搭建数据交互通路即可实现级联节点之间的纳秒量级时间比对。其次,分析了利用该系统实现纳秒量级时间比对的技术难点,并提出了相应的解决方法。最后,搭建实验平台对设计的时间比对系统进行验证。实验结果表明,在500 m的无线比对基线下,可以实现优于0.5 ns的静态时间比对精度。

卫生健康信息数据元标准2023版和2011版比较研究

目的/意义对比分析卫生健康信息数据元标准2023版和2011版,探讨差异与改进之处,以期为标准的更新与实施提供有益的参考和指导。方法/过程整理对比2023版较2011版卫生健康信息数据元标准的更新内容,分析总结修订对标准化程度、规范化水平以及数据完整性和准确性等方面的提升作用。结果/结论2023版在数据完整性和规范化等方面实现显著提升。分析2023版标准在实施过程中可能面临的挑战和问题,提出针对性建议和对策。

基于残差网络的字符编码标志点识别

针对大尺寸结构近景摄影测量中如何提高编码标志的容量和识别率等问题,设计了一种由中心圆,字母和数字组成的字符编码标志,提出了一种基于ResNet18模型改进的字符编码点识别方法和基于Zernike矩提出的亚像素定位方法。首先,利用均值滤波、自适应阈值处理和形态学中的闭运算等方法对图像进行预处理,根据连通域分析与筛选对预处理好的图像进行分割得到字符编码点;其次,用字符编码点识别网络进行识别,最终通过亚像素定位方法对编码点进行定位。从实验结果得出字符编码点的识别准确率可达99.89%。该类标志点定位精度高,提出的识别方法准确率高。

一种基于时间编码超表面的ISAR干扰方法

时间编码超表面具备对电磁波的调制能力,从而有效改变反射电磁波的特性,达到改变目标特性的目的。基于超表面的调控特性,设计了一种周期时间编码的逆合成孔径雷达(Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar,ISAR)干扰方法。分析了时间编码超表面的相位调制机理,建立了时间编码序列模型,通过设计优化时间编码序列的相关参数,形成对雷达在距离向上的欺骗干扰。通过理论推导,分析了时间编码调制参数对假目标位置、幅度等的影响。仿真实验结果表明,该方法可以根据信号参数生成数量可控、位置可变的虚假目标,距离向干扰范围扩展至2倍以上,从而实现不同的干扰效果,在电子对抗等方面具有较高的应用价值。

基于脉间码型捷变波形的距离-多普勒二维干扰重构算法

密集假目标干扰通过在真实目标周围产生大量假目标,形成欺骗和压制双重干扰效果,严重影响雷达的目标探测能力。为此,该文提出一种基于脉间码型捷变波形的距离-多普勒二维干扰重构算法来抑制密集假目标干扰。该算法基于脉间码型捷变波形的距离选通性,在距离-多普勒域通过交替反演实现干扰和目标重构,并从回波中对消干扰来实现干扰剔除。首先,通过构造不同距离段的接收滤波器组来实现干扰和目标回波的分距离段处理;其次,采用联合失配滤波器组使各脉冲滤波输出的距离旁瓣结构近似相同,减小脉间码型捷变波形经脉冲多普勒处理后沿多普勒维的散布能量;然后,利用干扰和目标回波在不同距离-多普勒平面上的能量分布特性构造滤波矩阵;最后,通过交替反演实现干扰和目标的精准重构,进而实现密集假目标干扰的抑制。仿真结果表明,与传统方法相比,该文所提算法在干扰抑制和运行时间方面展现出优越的性能,显著提升了雷达在强干扰环境中的目标检测能力。

基于ATE的高速DAC射频参数SFDR测试技术优化

利用集成电路自动测试设备(ATE)测试高速DAC射频参数时,由于ATE测试板PCB走线较长、损耗较大以及机台提供的信号抖动比实装大等原因,导致ATE上高速DAC射频参数测试指标低于实装测试值。为此,文中介绍DAC电路的工作原理和测试方法;其次为解决上述问题,对测试码的生成以及PCB的布局等进行一系列改进,并将改进前后的测试值与典型值进行对比。结果表明,改进措施成效显著,大大优化了高速DAC射频参数的测试指标,使得SFDR等高频DAC动态类参数指标接近或达到实装测试值。

遗传算法解算GPS短基线整周模糊度的编码方法研究

将遗传算法(GA)应用于GPS短基线模糊度解算过程,实现了二进制编码和实数编码方法,并对这两种编码方法在实际计算过程中的实现效率和复杂度进行了分析比较。针对双差模糊度的整数特性,笔者在实数编码内取整后再生成个体进行算子操作。试验结果表明,经过修改的实数编码遗传算法可以取得比二进制编码更高的可靠性和成功率,是更适于双差模糊度搜索采用的编码方法。

采样时钟抖动对伪码测距精度的影响

在皮卫星的伪码再生测距中,大量采用数字信号处理技术.而皮卫星体积小、功耗低特点决定只能采用较低指标的晶振源和简化的处理电路,两者带来的A/D采样时钟抖动会影响伪码跟踪环的跟踪性能,进而降低测距精度.分析了A/D采样时钟抖动在伪码测距处理过程中的噪声模型,并对码跟踪环的跟踪性能的影响进行了分析,仿真结果显示A/D采样时钟抖动、采样位数和中频共同作用影响伪码测距精度.

环状编码标记点的检测与识别

针对近景摄影测量中对编码标记点进行精确定位并对具有唯一编码值的编码标记点进行解码识别的要求,提出了一种环状编码标记点自动检测和识别算法。该算法首先对图像进行canny边缘检测,通过一系列限制条件和计算封闭轮廓质心来过滤噪声和非编码标记点。然后,采用最小二乘椭圆拟合进行编码标记点定位,结合椭圆拟合误差判断分割编码标记点轮廓并进行填充。最后,提出一种将局部同心椭圆变换为平行直线的ALPC(Affine LOG Polar Coordinate)变换,对分割出的编码标记点进行ALPC变换,利用变换后的图像特征进行解码。实验结果表明,利用本文算法对于编码标记点的定位可以达到亚像素级别;且当相机光轴与编码标记点法线夹角小于60°时平均识别准确率能达到98.8%,当夹角达到70°时识别准确率仍然能达到90.2%;在复杂背景下的识别准确率能够达到96.46%。

电网时钟系统的北斗/GPS双模同步技术研究

现代电力系统覆盖范围广,各种系统和自动化装置都要求严格的时钟同步;目前应用于我国电网中的时间同步技术主要是基于美国全球定位系统(GPS)的卫星授时;从电网的安全性和稳定性出发,对基于北斗/GPS双模授时的时间同步技术进行了研究,设计了采用多同步源自适应同步技术,北斗、GPS和本地高稳恒温晶体振荡器(OCXO)互为热备的时间同步系统;该系统时间同步精度优于±0.1μs,守时精度优于1μs/min,符合电网时间同步系统技术要求,具有一定的实用价值和推广应用价值。

一种提高二相编码雷达检测目标动态范围的方法

在相位编码雷达进行各目标回波信号功率相差较大的多目标或隐身目标检测时,会存在隐身目标和小功率信号淹没在大功率信号距离旁瓣中的情况.本文提出了一种逐次消去回波中大功率信号的方法来去除大功率信号的距离旁瓣,检测小功率信号,从而提高雷达系统观察目标的动态范围至80dB以上.仿真研究和雷达实验表明该方法是有效可行的.

近景摄影测量中标记点的自动检测

近景摄影测量中,可以在待测物体表面分布一些易于识别的标记点,以提高特征识别的准确性和精度,保证多幅图像间特征点对应匹配的可靠性.文中采用圆形目标及编码元素作为标记点,并提出一种标记点自动检测算法.该算法首先根据标记点的尺寸、形状、灰度变化及位置分布等特征提取目标;然后利用非编码元与编码元的不同形状与灰度特征,提出一种改进的编码元自动身份识别方法,同时实现非编码元与编码元的分类;最后采用质心法进行标记点的精确定位,达到亚像素精度.实验结果表明,该方法受投影角度、噪声等因素影响小,具有很强的鲁棒性,可以实现标记点的准确识别和精确定位,实用性好.