A Thematic Analysis of the Novel Open Secrets from Psychoanalysis Perspective

Alice Munro,the first short story writer in Canada to receive the Nobel Prize laureate in 2013,applies the unconscious to the portrayal of characters and the construction of engrossing stories.Based on the unconscious theory of Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalysis,this article focuses on one of Alice Munro’s short stories,Open Secrets,by analyzing the unconscious of representative characters,to explore their power conversion through the conflicts triggered by their unconscious mind.Via uncovering their unique personalities and values,as well as displaying their power against each other through conflict,this article reveals that the relationship between characters is sophisticated and changeable,and their power against each other has been a state of change in continuous conflicts.Behind the unconscious displays a thoroughly different comparison of forces:the strong who behaves violently and arrogantly actually shows weakness;in turn,the obedience and endurance of the weak strongly manifest a tenacious resistance.

Traumatic Insistence:Reflections on the Concept of Negative in Psychoanalysis

The so-called non-neurotic pathologies have been widely studied,as they require clinical intervention different from the analytic process for cases of neurosis.This proposal focuses on the neurotic and psychotic structures with the concept of negative as an operator for metapsychological and clinical debate.The negative may be associated with the neurotic structure with respect to the establishment of repression,the action of defenses in distinguishing psychic systems,and the overbearing presence of word-presentations.In this structural dimension,free association and analytic interpretation operate by means of the cut,the negative and the excess libido found in symptomatic and traumatic insistence.Regarding the psychotic structure,the foreclosure of the paternal function does not inscribe a negative,causing the subject to be adrift in language,their unconscious out in the open air.In this sense,analytic intervention acts on the traumatic insistence of language,playing the role of secretary to the psychotic(Lacan,1955-56),helping them to weave ties and produce negatives before the invasive Other.Much research has focused on investigating the reverberation of trauma on psychic life as well as the unconscious content bordering on the drive-more specifically,the death drive and the idea of an excess.This communication proposal seeks in the concept of negative theoretical and technical elements to problematize these issues.For such,it analyzes the contributions of Freud,Lacan,and Green to the proposition that this concept can be considered an operator of metapsychological and technical reflection in traumatic insistence.

A Psychoanalysis of The Secret Life of Walter Mitty

The Secret Life of Walter Mitty is written by James Thurber, who is known for his writing and humor. Many critics consider him as the best American humorist since Mark Twain. This paper aims to analyze this short story from the approach of psychoanalysis.

Heart of Darkness——the analysis of Edger Allen Poe’s work “Black Cat” from the perspective of psychoanalysis

From the perspective of Freudian theories of psychoanalysis,Black Cat is a story about how an imbalanced personality led to the selfdestruction.The struggle between the protagonist’s id and superego eventually caused the release of the id and evil behaviors.The protagonist’s abnormal behavior is also a performance of the unconscious theory and the death drive theory.It is further pointed out that the black cat and protagonist’s wife images,functioning as external containment,present the complexity of humanity.Edgar Allan Poe’s novels,which created a lot of psychopaths characters touching the unconscious field,have an important influence on the development of psychology.

On Causes of Teddy's Tragedy in Shutter Island by Psychoanalysis

Shutter Island is a movie directed by Martin Scorsese.It tells a story about a psychotic,Teddy,who committed a serious crime and lived in fantasy from then on.A group of psychologists tried to help him by exposing the reality and forcing him to face it.At last,Teddy's memory was recovered.Yet he chose to receive lobotomy to end his pain.From Freud's psychoanalytic point of view,Teddy's tragedy is caused by the conflict between his id,ego and superego,and his fantasy world is a result of self-defense mechanism.

Affect regulation in psychoanalytic treatments of patients with a borderline personality disorder–psychoanalysis and psychodynamic psychotherapy–a comparison

BACKGROUND A recent meta-analysis has confirmed that the effects of psychotherapy on patients with borderline personality disorders(BPD)are still insufficiently understood.Evidence of differences between different types of therapies has been questioned.AIM To study repetitive interaction patterns in patients with BPD undergoing either psychoanalysis or psychodynamic therapy.METHODS Psychoanalysis(PSA)or psychodynamic psychotherapy(PDT)was administered to 10 patients each,the two groups were matched.Therapy regimens were applied according to care as usual/manualized including quality control and supervision as usual.Randomization to one of the groups was done after baseline assessment.During classical PSA(n=10)and PDT(n=10),semiannually,recordings(audio or video)of five consecutive therapy sessions were taken over three years for an ex-post analysis.The patients'characteristics,such as affect parameters[Affect regulation and experience Q-sort(AREQ)],quality of object relations(quality of object relations scale)and personality traits[Shedler-Westen Assessment Procedure(SWAP-200)]were analyzed retrospectively by independent raters.Therapeutic action(psychotherapy process Q-sort)and affective(re)actions of the patients(AREQ)were then analyzed in relation to changes found in the patients'characteristics.RESULTS During the first year of therapy(PSA:n=10;PDT:n=9),the therapeutic method PSA was associated with significant improvements in the variable"SWAP Borderline",while in PDT change was not significantly different to baseline(PSA:P=0.04;PDT:P=0.33).Long-term results and follow up was available for seven participants in PSA and for five in PDT after three years;change in SWAP borderline for the whole sample was not significant at this time point when confronting to baseline(P=0.545).However,differences between PSA and PDT were significant when analyzing the“mean change”in the SWAP Borderline variable after one year of therapy(P=0.024):PSA led to slightly increased BPD symptoms,while PDT to a decrease;for the long run,variance of observed change was higher in PSA than in PDT(SDPSA±9.29 vs SDPDT±7.94).Our assumption that transference interpretations,closely followed by affective changes in the patient,could be useful modes of interaction was reproducible in our findings,especially when looking at the descriptive findings in the long-term data.The analysis of repetitive interaction structures demonstrated a very specific"time-lag"between therapeutic intervention and a corresponding increase in positive affect in successful therapy cases.CONCLUSION Exploring the change processes in the patients'characteristics and linking these changes to specific treatment strategies is of clinical importance when starting treatment and for its long-term progress.

Some thoughts on the common issue of psychotherapy in different cultures——report on the China conference of psychoanalysis

Distinguished Chairman,Dear colleagues,ladies and gentlemen,Good morning!It is my great honors to have the presentation here,share my thoughts with you,you may agree or disagree but start a discussion,as Chinese says:(Pao Zuan Yin Yu)throw away a brick in order to get a gem;Today in this hall,more than 1000 colleagues from almost 30 different countries,nations or districts,get together,to share our common interests

Psychotherapy in Hospitals in Brazil and Some Contributions from Psychoanalysis: A Historical Study

Psychotherapeutic practice in hospitals in Brazil started in the 1950s even before the profession of psychologist in the country was formalized, and has been building a fairly rich history because it is differentiated according to the development of the practice over the decades as a function of the various clinical methods associated with it, as a consequence of the policies and/or different theoretical orientations that have underpinned it. Twenty years after this practice began, during the 1970s, the field of mental health was configured as a major center of absorption of psychologists in an attempt to change the prevailing medical model. It is at that time that we can first see the formation of multidisciplinary teams linked to psychotherapy treatments. When we examine the relationship between the advancement of the practice and its theoretical foundations, in a field where political orientations toward the practice carried no less weight, we realize that this entire movement has led to important developments in the history of psychology in general. In order to specify what clinical practice in hospitals has contributed to psychology in general, it is necessary to follow its guidelines over the decades, where we can confirm that a certain prevalence of psychoanalysis has been and is being established. To the extent that it is characterized as a discourse directed at the subject, it is fundamental that it allows for situating the work in the hospital in an exchange with the medical field in such a way that each field may sustain its own particularities, respect their differences, and contribute, each in their own way, toward the advancement of clinical work. From the 1950s through today, clinical practice highlights a concern with asserting subjectivity in hospitals where the contributions of some psychoanalytical developments to different forms of psychotherapy have not been lacking.

Freudian Psychoanalysis——Kitty's Self-awakening in The Painted Veil

The Painted Veil written by William Somerset Maugham was a marvellous novel discussing love, life and spiritual salva-tion. The process of the fallen heroin Kitty's awakening and maturity was profound in the theme of this novel. Kitty was a compli-cated character. Without personal financial independence, she married to someone she did not love. Before long, she had a love af-fair stealthily with another man. After her husband found out the truth and Kitty was abandoned by her lover, she was taken to a de-pressed countryside by her husband, in which Kitty witnessed countless life and death. After all these experiences, she changed alot and achieved self-awakening. The mental world of Kitty was worth discussing. Kitty's id, ego and superego will be analyzedfrom the perspective of Freudian consciousness theory in this thesis, so as to study how she changed herself and had such a hugespiritual awakening.

Psychoanalysis and Symbolism——on Nathaniel Hawthorne’s Young Goodman Brown

Nathaniel Hawthorne,a 19th-century American writer of novels and short stories,is considered an important representative of Puritanism;symbolism and romanticismin American literature.He was imbued with an inquiring imagination,a meditativemind,and an unceasing interest in the ambiguity of man’s being.He was interestedin the lonely and dark side of man,and in the man’s need to look into his own soul.Throughout his 1ife,he wrote many works which espoused the complexities and senseof guilt of the human being.On first perusal of his tales and romances,one

Interpretation on Heathcliff in Wuthering Heights In Light of Psychoanalysis

This thesis aims to analyze the main character of the novel Wuthering Heights from a psychoanalytical perspective.By using techniques adapted from psychoanalysis,this thesis finds that the complex character Heathcliff at first reading is easier to understand,and indeed fits into some of the basic victim-persecutor patterns identified in traditional psychoanalytical work.From Heathcliff we can see the importance of one's psychology and the power of psychoanalysis.

The Exploration on Protagonist’s Mistakes in the Atonement Based on the Perspective of Psychoanalysis Criticism

’methods to research this work.Based on the Freud’s Psychoanalysis Criticism,this paper mainly focuses on the two aspects"the trinity structure"and"the creators and daydream"to explore the reasons that causes the protagonist’s mistakes in this novel.

Nihilism and Desire in"The Posthumous Memoirs of Bras Cubas":Literature and Psychoanalysis

Literature and psychoanalysis are put into dialogue in order to perform an innovative reading of Machado de Assis's The Posthumous Memoirs of Bras Cubas,which is considered one of his masterpieces,alongside Quincas Borba and Dom Casmurro.The psychoanalysis of Sigmund Freud and Jacques Lacan is used as a theoretical reference.

Knowledge Is Invented: Addressing Invention and the Art of Saying in the Psychoanalytic Field

In the Freudian-Lacanian field,there is an important distinction between knowledge and truth.The truth,of an unconscious nature,is something that inhabits us,directs us,but that escapes us.Knowledge,in turn,is something to be invented,from the hole of the Real,the Unconscious truth,and the subjective experience.The relationships between playing,creating,and fantasizing;the dimension of the uncanny,fiction,and imagination in subjectivity;the invention of knowledge of oneself,derived from the pains and flavors of being who one is,are creative dimensions that inhabit the subject,permeate the analytical act,and transversalize psychoanalysis.In the practice,we listen to and witness processes of analysis that awaken an invention/reinvention of oneself,in the process of remembering,repeating,and elaborating,but also in what the transference relationship summons.Knowledge of oneself,does not guarantee a life without mishaps,sadness,and illusions,but allows the invention and recognition of knowledge and a style.The concept of Sinthome(2007),coined by Jacques Lacan,comes in the wake of the processes of self-invention and is a knowing-doing with the symptom,with the paradoxes of joyful suffering,producing,as a result,an art of saying.Therefore,in this communication,I will articulate elements of theory,practice,and psychoanalytic experience that allow us to expand knowledge of the themes of invention and imagination articulated with the concept of sinthome,their relationships with subjectivity,and the direction of psychoanalytic treatment.

The Imago of Revolution Psychoanalysis and Class Consciousness An Introduction to Psychoanalysis and Class Consciousness （...and Some Extracts from the Dialectics Money/Death Drive）

For the purpose of the investigations, we propose in the present paper that we have been carrying out for some years into new perspectives for a Marxist Psychoanalysis; we try the consistence of Marxist psychoanalysis with the pre- Leninist idea of Class consciousness as developed in Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844 and in the unpublished books of Das Kapital （notably the law of the tendency of the rate of profit to fall）. The roots of Freudian Marxists （Reich and Fenichel above all, but Sabina Spielrein too） are put into a comparative analysis with Marxian psychiatry arising from the de-colonization process （Fanon） and with the teaching of Jacques Lacan about Marxist concepts such as plus value and reification, and eventually with the proposal on the political Unconscious developed by Fredric Jameson. Finally, it comes the hypothesis that Psychoanalysis could correspond to Class consciousness.

从心理分析批评角度看劳伦斯《公主》中的恋父情结(英文)

In D.H.Lawrence’s short story"The Princess,"we can find a spinster who cannot love others nor be loved.From the psychological point of view,her tragedy can be interpreted as the result of the counter-Electra complex of the father towards the daughter and the resulted Electra complex of the daughter to the father.From the analysis,this paper tries to reveal Lawrence’s concern over such Freudian psychological problems.

Analysis of the Heroine's Mental Growth in I'll Take You There

This thesis makes an analysis of the heroine's mental growth from the initial phase of the heroine's mental trauma to the struggling phase and to the mature phase. It analyzes the reasons and manifestations for her mental solitariness,expounds her confusion and struggling during her growth from the perspective of psychoanalysis and reveals her mental maturity in the end after a series of setbacks and conflicts during pursuit of affection,friendship and kinship. In some senses,the heroine's mental growth displayed in this thesis is the psychological portrayal of some contemporary college students,which has certain educational significance to the student readers especially those who possess the similar life experience and accesses them to have an incisive understanding of real life.

The Imbalance and Spilt of Personality——A Psychoanalytic Analysis of Macbeth's downfall

Macbeth is one of Shakespeare's great tragedies, and it is also famous for vivid psychological description. It mainly portrays the downfall of Macbeth who transforms from a brave hero with nobility and loyalty to a ruthless demon with the interaction of the internal and external causes. This paper tries to find a reasonable explanation for his downfall by adopting the theories of Freudian psychoanalysis, and further reveal the desire's erosion to the conscience and morality's restraint to the desire in human nature. The id,the ego and the superego interact with each other. If any one of them is in imbalance with another,serious personality imbalance,or even personality split will occur.

Personalized treatment-which interaction ingredients should be focused to capture the unconscious

A recent meta-analysis revealed that mental health and baseline psychological impairment affect the quality of life and outcomes in different chronic conditions.Implementing mental health care in physical care services is still insufficient.Thus,interdisciplinary communication across treatment providers is essential.The standardized language provided by the diagnostic statistical manual favors a clear conceptualization.However,this approach might not focus on the individual,as thinking in categories might impede recognizing the continuum from healthy to diseased.Psychoanalytic theory is concerned with an individual’s unconscious conflictual wishes and motivations,manifested through enactments like psychic symptoms or(maladaptive)behavior with long-term consequences if not considered.Such modifiable internal and external factors often are inadequately treated.However,together with the physical chronic condition constraints,these factors determine degrees of freedom for a self-determined existence.The effect of therapeutic interventions,and especially therapy adherence,relies on a solid therapeutic relationship.Outcome and process research still investigates the mechanism of change in psychotherapeutic treatments with psychanalysis’s focus on attachment problems.This article examines existing knowledge about the mechanism of change in psychoanalysis under the consideration of current trends emerging from psychotherapy research.A clinical example is discussed.Additionally,further directions for research are given.The theoretical frame in psychoanalytic therapies is the affect-cognitive interface.Subliminal affect-perception is enabled via awareness of subjective meanings in oneself and the other;shaping this awareness is the main intervention point.The interactional ingredients,the patient’s inherent bioenvironmental history meeting the clinician,are relevant variables.Several intrinsic,subliminal parameters relevant for changing behavior are observed.Therapeutic interventions aim at supporting the internalization of the superego’s functions and at making this ability available in moments of self-reflection.By supporting mentalization abilities,a better understanding of oneself and higher selfregulation(including emotional regulation)can lead to better judgments(application of formal logic and abstract thinking).Thus,this facilitates enduring behavior change with presumably positive effects on mental and physical health.