This paper talks about how to insist staying in changed mindset based on the assigned cognitive reframing principles,andfinally the changed mindset become a forever psychological status by PSI model proposed by this s...This paper talks about how to insist staying in changed mindset based on the assigned cognitive reframing principles,andfinally the changed mindset become a forever psychological status by PSI model proposed by this study.P is the cognitive reframing principle of positive psychology,happiness in this case;S is self-efficacy,which plays the important role in maintaining the stress taker to psychologically stay in the changed mindset in the long run.I represent of insisting power,the mental toughness to against the adverse negative emotions.Improving university students’stress coping skills through the psychological dynamics formed by cognitive reframing principles of positive psychology,self-efficacy,and mental toughness will help them effectively deal with stressful events.This study aims to reduce university students’stress level by increasing their ability to cope with stress,and improving their life satisfaction by understanding the mechanism for mindset-shift of university students and proposal of the new PSI reframing model for creating a new path to let students view stressors as challenge,not hindrance.Theories adopted in this study include cognitive reframing principles,appraisal theory,hindrance-challenge theory,cognitive reframing the schema.In the introduction section,the authors will clearly depict the logics for utilization of these theories in supporting the proposed PSI model.This research was divided into two studies.Study 1 postulated that cognitive reframing principles of positive psychology,self-efficacy,and mental toughness have a positive mediating effect in the causal relationship between university students’stress level and life satisfaction.Findings revealed that stressful life events negatively predict the level of LS.Also,PP,SE,and MT exert a positive and significant impact on the relationship between stressful life events and LS.PP strengthens individuals’perception of stressful life events as chal-lenges instead of hindrances.This study showed that individuals need to think positively and develop self-efficacy in order to generate mental toughness when confronted with challenges from stressful life events,and needs to have self-efficacy and confidence towards cognitive reframing principles of positive psychology in their mind,andfinally form a mental toughness competence to protect the newly changed mindset in the long run.展开更多
The gestalt principles are perception and what is visually communicated by objects. These principles describe the visual language within which we work. Understanding how a designer realizes things visually will help d...The gestalt principles are perception and what is visually communicated by objects. These principles describe the visual language within which we work. Understanding how a designer realizes things visually will help designers communicate better. Many designers use Gestalt principles to have a structure visual stimulus, so as to create interfaces that are easy for users to understand. Because the understanding of visual perception is a critical item in any designer’s toolkit. Islamic heritage buildings also contain many architectural values, especially the Sultan Hassan Mosque in Cairo. Through this paper, we will verify the use of gestalt principles of visual perception in the building design. Because the psychological organization of the design, achieves the understanding and awareness of the current relationships between the elements, depending on the extent of regularity, accuracy, and consistency of the design elements. This makes us recognize the esthetic values of Sultan Hassan’s building and mosque. The visual delight we get from architecture begins with how we perceive it. So, in order to understand how visual delight arises, we must first understand how we perceive and interpret visual stimuli. Especially since the principles of gestalt confirm that the human brain tends to make tricks and illusions. Therefore, we found the mosque designer had exploited this fact during the design process, to exclude any possibility of the resulting misunderstanding. The designer achieved the psychological preparation of the visitor by using some principles of visual perception of the Gestalt theory, such as growth, continuity, and hierarchy.展开更多
基金funding of the Special Taiwan Talent Fund of Lingnan Normal University(ZW2007)for this study.
文摘This paper talks about how to insist staying in changed mindset based on the assigned cognitive reframing principles,andfinally the changed mindset become a forever psychological status by PSI model proposed by this study.P is the cognitive reframing principle of positive psychology,happiness in this case;S is self-efficacy,which plays the important role in maintaining the stress taker to psychologically stay in the changed mindset in the long run.I represent of insisting power,the mental toughness to against the adverse negative emotions.Improving university students’stress coping skills through the psychological dynamics formed by cognitive reframing principles of positive psychology,self-efficacy,and mental toughness will help them effectively deal with stressful events.This study aims to reduce university students’stress level by increasing their ability to cope with stress,and improving their life satisfaction by understanding the mechanism for mindset-shift of university students and proposal of the new PSI reframing model for creating a new path to let students view stressors as challenge,not hindrance.Theories adopted in this study include cognitive reframing principles,appraisal theory,hindrance-challenge theory,cognitive reframing the schema.In the introduction section,the authors will clearly depict the logics for utilization of these theories in supporting the proposed PSI model.This research was divided into two studies.Study 1 postulated that cognitive reframing principles of positive psychology,self-efficacy,and mental toughness have a positive mediating effect in the causal relationship between university students’stress level and life satisfaction.Findings revealed that stressful life events negatively predict the level of LS.Also,PP,SE,and MT exert a positive and significant impact on the relationship between stressful life events and LS.PP strengthens individuals’perception of stressful life events as chal-lenges instead of hindrances.This study showed that individuals need to think positively and develop self-efficacy in order to generate mental toughness when confronted with challenges from stressful life events,and needs to have self-efficacy and confidence towards cognitive reframing principles of positive psychology in their mind,andfinally form a mental toughness competence to protect the newly changed mindset in the long run.
文摘The gestalt principles are perception and what is visually communicated by objects. These principles describe the visual language within which we work. Understanding how a designer realizes things visually will help designers communicate better. Many designers use Gestalt principles to have a structure visual stimulus, so as to create interfaces that are easy for users to understand. Because the understanding of visual perception is a critical item in any designer’s toolkit. Islamic heritage buildings also contain many architectural values, especially the Sultan Hassan Mosque in Cairo. Through this paper, we will verify the use of gestalt principles of visual perception in the building design. Because the psychological organization of the design, achieves the understanding and awareness of the current relationships between the elements, depending on the extent of regularity, accuracy, and consistency of the design elements. This makes us recognize the esthetic values of Sultan Hassan’s building and mosque. The visual delight we get from architecture begins with how we perceive it. So, in order to understand how visual delight arises, we must first understand how we perceive and interpret visual stimuli. Especially since the principles of gestalt confirm that the human brain tends to make tricks and illusions. Therefore, we found the mosque designer had exploited this fact during the design process, to exclude any possibility of the resulting misunderstanding. The designer achieved the psychological preparation of the visitor by using some principles of visual perception of the Gestalt theory, such as growth, continuity, and hierarchy.
