Common Problems and Solutions for Beginners in Translation From a Psychological Perspective

With the continuous development of the translation market,more and more students are investing in the study of translation majors.However,for the education of translation majors,Chinese translation educators pay more attention to the imparting of translation theory knowledge and the cultivation of students’translation abilities.There is still room for further improvement in solving common psychological problems and cultivating the psychological qualities of translation beginners.Therefore,this article starts from the common psychological problems of translation beginners,analyzes their causes,and proposes relative solutions to help improve the level of translation psychological education in China.

Psychological problems affecting the prognosis of stroke patients

BACKGROUND： It is believed that mental disorder influences the morbility and prognosis of cardio-cerebrovascular disease by biological factors. OBJECTIVE： To observe the characteristics of stroke patients complicated by psychological problems and the prognosis of such patients. DESIGN： Observational study. SETTING： Department of Neurology, Beijing Longfu Hospital. PARTICIPANTS： Totally 160 inpatients （46 males and 114 females） with stroke admitted to Department of Neurology, Beijing Longfu Hospital between June 2005 and June 2006 were recruited in this study. The involved patients all corresponded to the diagnosis criteria of cerebrovascular disease formulated in the 1995 National Conference of Cerebrovascular Disease and confirmed by skull CT or MRI examination. The age range was between 43 and 74 years. They all signed the informed consent for the detection and therapeutic regimen, and the application of this technique also gave the approval of the Ethics Committee of the hospital. METHODS： On admission, the patients were investigated on psychological problems using Hopkin symptom checklist. After admission, all the patients received oral administration of aspirin anti-platelet drugs and intravenous infusion of Fufang Danshen. Motor relearning program was used in the rehabilitation treatment for disability rehabilitation. Mental intervention was carried out in the end of observation period. On day 30 after admission, the recovery of two groups of patients was compared using activities of daily living scale, Scandinanvian Stroke Scale （SSS） and disability level. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The activities of daily living were assessed with Barthel index. Higher scores of patients suggested better activities of daily living. For SSS, the higher points, the severer defect degree. The reduction of scores of neurologic impairment suggested that neurological function improved. Disability level was graded according to the method formulated in the Second National Cerebrovascular Conference. RESULTS： All the 160 involved stroke patients participated in the final analysis. （1） Hopkin symptom checklist assessment results： Of the 160 stroke patients, 94 （58.7%） were assessed as having any psychological problems. In this study, psychological problems were more likely to be seen in female patients （74.4%） than in male patients （26.1%）. Major psychological problems were depression （53.8%）, compulsion （52.5%） and anxiety （46.2%）. （2） Comparison of prognosis of patients： Significant differences in activities of daily living-Barthel index, SSS scores and disability level were found between pre- and post-treatment periods. It indicates that stroke patients complicated by mental disorder had poor prognosis. CONCLUSION： The incidence of complicated psychologic obstacle is high in stroke patients, and its prognosis is inferior to that of patients who have no psychological problems.

Psychological Problems and Countermeasures of Boarding Students in Rural Primary Schools——Based on the Investigation of County L in Shaanxi Province

With the implementation of the school relocation policy in the 1990s,the number of rural primary schools has dropped sharply. In order to better solve the problem of schooling for rural students,the development of boarding schools has become a realistic choice. However,for pupils lacking self-reliance,premature boarding can have an adverse effect on their mental development. In the investigation of county L in southern Shaanxi,the physical and mental development of boarding students is influenced by such factors such as the family's economic status,the supervision of primary boarding schools,and the isolation of social contacts under the boarding system. Therefore,trying to make recommendations to care for boarding students from the duties and responsibilities of the family,the school and the government is of positive significance in advancing education equity.

Psychological problems in China in the era of transformation

The purpose of this study is to reach a better understanding of how minor psychological problems (MPP) are perceived in China by well-educated Chinese. An exploratory qualitative design is used. The results are based on interviews with professionals and students practicing Chinese medicine (TCM) and lay people from three urban sites. Minor psychological problems have traditionally not been labelled as disorders or illnesses but challenges in daily living or as “heart problems” and seemed to have less serious consequences than we are accustomed to think from a modern western outlook. “Problems of life” rather than sickness was the category that best summarized perceptions of such problems among the Chinese. It points to a salutogenetic perspective reflecting perception of mental health and MPP as processes of adaption and interpretation of meaning rather than medical conditions or sickness. Due to the influence from the West these problems are, however, more often comprehended as a health problems or even sickness, and not solely natural problems of life.

Psychological problems related to capillary blood glucose testing and insulin injection among diabetes patients

Objective:This review is aimed at explaining the psychological problems related to capillary blood glucose(CBG)testing and insulin injection,as well as recommending essential strategies to solve the fear thereof.Methods:Databases,including PubMed,Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature(CINAHL),Scopus,and Google Scholar,were searched to extract the relevant articles.Initially,the terms used to retrieve related studies were"fear of blood glucose monitoring","anxiety capillary blood glucose testing and insulin injection","psychological problems on blood glucose monitoring and insulin injection","diabetes management",and"diabetes mellitus".Results:Results showed that the psychological problems related to CBG testing and insulin injection were associated with the stress and depression experienced during diabetes self-monitoring of blood glucose.This psychological issue has its impacts such as nonadherence to medication as well as a lack of self-discipline in terms of CBG testing and insulin injection.Inadequate information,inappropriate perception,and pain/discomfort during pricking of fingers were the main reasons for the psychological issues in CBG testing and self-injection of insulin.Conclusions:The expected benefits of this review include the explanation of the issues related to the psychological problems in CBG testing and insulin injection among type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)patients.This review article also provides the recommendations on providing counseling and empowering the patients on CBG monitoring and insulin injection.Moreover,family members should provide psychological support to reduce fear,anxiety,and distress arising from CBG testing and insulin injection.

Evaluation of factors affecting psychological morbidity in emergency medicine practitioners

BACKGROUND: Assessing and evaluating mental health status can provide educational planners valuable information to predict the quality of physicians' performance at work. These data can help physicians to practice in the most desired way. The study aimed to evaluate factors affecting psychological morbidity in Iranian emergency medicine practitioners at educational hospitals of Tehran.METHODS: In this cross sectional study 204 participants(emergency medicine residents and specialists) from educational hospitals of Tehran were recruited and their psychological morbidity was assessed by using a 28-question Goldberg General Health Questionnaire(GHQ-28). Somatization, anxiety and sleep disorders, social dysfunction and depression were evaluated among practitioners and compared to demographic and job related variables.RESULTS: Two hundreds and four participants consisting of 146(71.6%) males and 58(28.4%) females were evaluated. Of all participants, 55(27%) were single and 149(73%) were married. Most of our participants(40.2%) were between 30–35 years old. By using GHQ-28, 129(63.2%) were recognized as normal and 75(36.8%) suffered some mental health disorders. There was a signifi cant gender difference between normal practitioners and practitioners with disorder(P=0.02) while marital status had no significant difference(P=0.2). Only 19(9.3%) declared having some major mental health issue in the previous month.CONCLUSION: Females encountered more mental health disorders than male(P=0.02) and the most common disorder observed was somatization(P=0.006).

An Analysis on Mental Health Education of College Students with Financial Difficulties

With the enrollment expansion of college and continuous reform of college education system and college charging system,the number of college students with financial difficulties is increasing. The college students with family financial difficulties not only bear the huge economic burden,but also bear the huge pressure of learning and mental stress,and they have many kinds of psychological problems including psychological distress of tension and anxiety,psychological conflict of self-respect and self-abasement,conflict of desire for interpersonal interaction and self-containment and strong vanity and dependence mentality. This paper puts forward the corresponding recommendations to solve these problems.

Psychological distress in elderly cancer patients

Objective:To investigate the prevalence and specific manifestations of psychological distress in elderly cancer patients.Methods:In this cross-sectional study,153 elderly patients with cancer admitted to two tertiary hospitals were investigated using the convenience sampling method.Distress thermometer and the problem list,recommended by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network,were used to assess the psychological distress and its specific manifestations.A self-designed questionnaire was used to collect demographic data.Results:A total of 67 participants(43.8%)exhibited psychological distress to some degree.The analysis of the sub-categories in the problem list showed significant differences(p<0.001).The highest scoring category was the emotional problems,followed by practical problems,physiological problems,and family problems.Among 34 items included in the statistical analysis,the top five were worry(73.9%),depression(55.6%),pain(54.2%),economic problems(52.3%),and fear(49.7%).Married participants,those with higher education and higher monthly income had significantly lower psychological distress score compared with single patients,those with lower education,and lower monthly income(p<0.05).Conclusions:Psychological distress is prevalent among elderly patients with cancer and,therefore,should be considered by the health professionals treating these patients.

Impact of Pollution on Psychological Setting among Indian Truck Drivers

Environmental pollution impacting on human health. Some of the noted impact are closely related with the physical illness but psychological illness are not demarcated in the previous studies. The present research article ascertains the psychological problems in Indian truck drivers. Trucking workers have wide variety problems like decrease immune, increases stress on body parts. In this study truck drivers from different states are involved. There are 240 truck drivers involved to measure nature and extent of psychological nature and allied social problems. In-depth pilot tested structured interview schedule is used to investigate micro level things of physical and psychological health of truck driver. It is found that 59.5% of truck drivers are affected by long distance hearing loss while 15.4% face regular fatigue. These illnesses are occurred because of irregular work schedule, less sleep and high work related stress. Truck divers have various addictions like chewing tobacco, guthka or pan masala, smoking cigarette, bidi and narcotic drugs, drinking desi and foreign liquor are common addictions seen in many respondents. Truck drivers have multiple addictions in single time. Truck drivers believe that these addictions help to improve driving performance and stamina. Occupation related experiences of truck drivers are well discussed this research work. In the context of the problems observed in the truck drivers it is need to start the community health centre for them on major national highway. This will provide the base to solve the health problems as well as refresh truck drivers. It is also analysed that AIDS awareness campaign need to launch with appropriate mass media tool.

Research progress on self-efficacy in patients with total hip replacement

Total hip replacement(THR)is an artificial hip joint prosthesis that replaces the damaged femoral head.For the good therapeutic effects,it has been widely used,while also brings a great negative problems at same time,especially the psychological problems.After THR,the patient has obvious motility symptoms of fear of movement,and shows a series of manifestations such as fear of activity and fall.However,for people with high self-efficacy,the degree of activity and fear is lower,with a good mental state.The effects of self-efficacy on rehabilitation behavior and prognosis of patients with THR were discussed from the aspects of activity ability,psychological state and quality of life.This paper sorts out the current situation of intervention research on self-efficacy of THR patients,and provides theoretical basis for further improving the self-efficacy of THR patients.Through these studies to understand how to improve patients'self-efficacy and reduce the fear of activity,obtain postoperative activity related knowledge,finally promote the limb functional recovery.

新型冠状病毒肺炎流行期间儿童和青少年的心理行为问题:Scoping综述

目的探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎(coronavirus disease 2019,COVID-19)流行期间儿童和青少年的心理行为问题及影响因素,为相关问题的防治提供参考依据。方法检索中国知网、万方知识数据服务平台、PubMed和Web of Science数据库,采用主题检索方式,检索时间为建库至2022年3月31日,提取相关文献数据进行Scoping综述。结果共检索到文献3951篇,最终纳入35篇,来自12个国家,多数文献来源于儿科学、精神病学、心理学及流行病学相关主题期刊,研究方法大多数采用横断面调查研究。儿童和青少年的心理行为问题主要包括抑郁/焦虑/压力、睡眠问题、网络行为问题、创伤后应激障碍和自伤/自杀5种。影响因素分别从社会人口学特征、生活方式的改变和COVID-19的应对方式3个方面进行分析。结论COVID-19流行期间,国内外儿童和青少年的心理行为问题形势严峻,未来可以通过相关影响因素进一步开展调查研究来改善相关心理行为问题。

父母心理控制与青少年外化问题行为的关系:意志控制和越轨同伴交往的链式中介作用

本研究以生态系统理论和选择理论为基础,考察意志控制、越轨同伴交往在父母心理控制和外化问题行为关系中的链式中介效应。研究使用父母心理控制问卷、意志控制问卷、越轨同伴交往问卷和外化问题行为问卷对1053名中学生进行了调查。结果显示:在控制了人口学变量(性别、年龄以及家庭经济社会地位)后,(1)越轨同伴交往在父母心理控制与青少年外化问题行为之间的中介作用显著;(2)意志控制在父母心理控制与青少年外化问题行为间的中介作用不显著;(3)意志控制和越轨同伴交往在父母心理控制与青少年问题行为之间的链式中介作用显著;(4)中介效应在男女生中呈现相似的显著性模式、在不同学段中不存在显著差异。这些结果对于青少年外化问题的预防与干预提供了一定的启示。

后疫情时代医护人员心理问题应对偏好及基于“动静结合”理念的干预策略研究

目的调查医护人员遇到心理问题时的应对偏好,并基于中医动静结合理念提出应对方案。方法采用整群随机抽样的方法选取全国32个省50多家医院的3688名参与疫情防控的医护人员进行网络问卷调查,采用自编一般人口学资料调查问卷、心理问题应对偏好问卷对医护人员进行测评分析。结果共发放问卷3688份,最终得到有效问卷3436份,有效回收率93.16%。医护人员心理健康应对偏好在不同性别、年龄、婚姻状况、职业、职称方面存在区别,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或0.01),在文化程度上应对偏好无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论不同类别的医护人员寻求心理应对偏好不同,应依据个人体质、日常行为风格及季节特点等多维辨证,灵活选用合适的干预策略,以维持“动静平衡”的心理健康状态。

职业院校学生心理健康教育的问题与对策研究

随着社会和经济的发展,人们的生活品质得到了不断的提升。与此同时,社会竞争也越来越激烈,人们的情感态度与人际交往开始发生了深刻的变化。我国正处于社会发展与经济建设的重要转型期,社会环境的复杂性与多变性,使人们承受着更多的压力和挑战。高职学生正处于人格形成的关键阶段,他们在社会就业、职业发展及岗位工作中面临着不同的心理健康问题,需要高职院校持续优化并调整心理健康教育策略,提升学生的职业素养。为此,本文结合职业院校学生心理健康教育的特征、方向、问题,提出加强资源整合、完善内容体系、创新教育方式及规范管理等对策。

The Impact of Creative Group Teaching and Educational Booklet Methods on Interpersonal Communications among Midwives in Clinical Setting

Group discussion teaching technique for small groups and encouragement of critical but constructive and creative thinking for finding new and efficient solutions can lead to provision of better health and medical services that is defined in clinical setting, as the clinical psychology finds a way for curing and education. The present study was conducted with the aim to compare the effects of creative group teaching and educational booklet on interpersonal skills of midwives in a clinical setting. The present study was conducted on 97 midwifery graduates working in hospitals in Kerman Province, in two groups of educational booklet (49 midwives) and educational workshop (48 midwives) who participated in a 3-day creative teaching workshop in summer 2015. Creative problem-solving teaching intervention group was taught through educational workshop method, including small group and team working, group discussion and mini lectures. Midwifery 1 intervention group was provided with an educational booklet validated by professors of Nursing and Midwifery School for independent and individual study by midwives working in Kerman Province hospitals. The two groups were matched in terms of personal details. Hospitals were randomly selected, and midwives were selected by quota sampling. Interpersonal communication skills of both groups were assessed before and after intervention, and two months later using Interpersonal Communication Skills Test. The results obtained were analyzed in SPSS-16 using descriptive statistics, including frequency and percentage, mean and standard deviation, and inferential statistics including U-Mann-Whitney, paired t, independent t, repeated measures ANOVA tests at significance level of P P P P P < 0.001). Both teaching methods improved midwives’ interpersonal communication skills. Therefore, standardized educational booklets which produce cost-effective similar results are recommended.

中小学生心理健康问题家校协同预防的现状及对策

采用自编的《中小学生心理健康问题家校协同预防调查问卷》,对江苏省、河南省以及新疆维吾尔自治区41所中小学的3839名学生家长和1144名教师进行问卷调查,结果发现:家长和教师对学生心理健康问题家校协同预防责任的看法不够全面;家长和教师对学生心理健康问题家校协同预防方式比较单一;家长和教师参与学生心理健康问题家校协同预防程度不够;家长和教师对学生心理健康问题家校协同预防成效不够满意;影响学生心理健康问题家校协同预防成效的家长和教师因素是多方面的,能力有限是首选因素。提高中小学生心理健康问题家校协同预防成效,应形成家校协同预防共识,提升家校协同预防能力,强化家校协同预防保障机制。

父母养育心理灵活性与幼儿问题行为的关系--基于心理安全感和教养效能感的链式中介作用

为了探究父母养育心理灵活性与幼儿问题行为的关系,以及幼儿心理安全感和父母教养效能感在其中的作用,采用父母养育心理灵活性量表、学前儿童困难与长处问卷、幼儿心理安全感量表和幼儿父母教养效能感量表对重庆市355名幼儿进行问卷调查。结果显示,幼儿问题行为在父母学历和家庭结构中差异显著,幼儿心理安全感在家庭结构中差异显著和父母教养效能感在填表人上差异显著;父母养育心理灵活性、幼儿问题行为、幼儿心理安全感和父母教养效能感两两显著相关;父母养育心理灵活性能显著负向预测幼儿问题行为;幼儿心理安全感、父母教养效能感在父母养育心理灵活性对幼儿问题行为的影响中起链式中介作用。具体而言,父母养育心理灵活性通过三条路径影响幼儿问题行为、幼儿心理安全感和父母教养效能感:幼儿心理安全感的中介作用、父母教养效能感的中介作用以及两者的链式中介作用。因此,提高父母养育心理灵活性、激发父母教养效能感和重视幼儿心理安全感发展可以减少幼儿问题行为的产生。

中重度痤疮患者心理健康状况及影响因素

背景痤疮治疗周期长且有损面容,许多患者容易出现心理健康问题,严重者甚至出现自杀意念。但痤疮患者心理健康问题的影响因素尚不清楚。目的调查中重度痤疮患者心理健康状况并分析其影响因素,为改善患者心理健康状况提供参考。方法选取2021年6月—2023年6月在绵阳市第三人民医院皮肤科门诊进行治疗的120例Ⅱ级~Ⅳ级中重度痤疮患者为研究对象。采用痤疮特异性生活质量量表(Acne-QoL)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、罗森伯格自尊量表(RSES)以及社交恐怖症量表(SPIN)进行评定。根据SDS、SAS、RSES、SPIN评定结果,将患者分为伴心理健康问题组(n=21)和不伴心理健康问题组(n=99)。采用二元Logistic回归分析考查痤疮患者出现心理健康问题的影响因素。结果检出存在抑郁、焦虑、自卑或社交障碍症状者共21例(17.50%)。两组患者的性别、职业、痤疮分级、饮食习惯、年龄、病程、Acne-QoL中的自我感知因子评分、情感功能因子评分、社会功能因子评分以及痤疮症状因子评分比较,差异均有统计学意义(χ2=7.013、23.123、9.028、11.327,t=9.913、13.022、4.081、5.383、5.361、10.203,P均<0.05)。二元Logistic回归分析结果显示,女性(OR=2.243,95%CI:1.136~4.429)、痤疮分级为Ⅲ级(OR=3.615,95%CI:1.269~10.295)或Ⅳ级(OR=1.872,95%CI:1.073~3.266)、病程≥1.6年(OR=2.499,95%CI:1.068~5.851)、饮食习惯辛辣或油腻(OR=3.811,95%CI:1.169~12.427)、Acne-QoL自我感知因子评分≤18分(OR=1.802,95%CI:1.227~2.646)、Acne-QoL情感功能因子评分≤18分(OR=2.252,95%CI:1.016~4.992)、Acne-QoL社会功能因子评分≤14分(OR=3.515,95%CI:1.534~8.053)、Acne-QoL痤疮症状因子评分≤18分(OR=3.586,95%CI:1.098~11.715)是痤疮患者出现心理健康问题的危险因素。年龄≥30岁(OR=0.429,95%CI:0.283~0.648)、职业为干部或企业职工(OR=0.483,95%CI:0.249~0.939)以及其他职业(OR=0.276,95%CI:0.090~0.850)是痤疮患者出现心理健康问题的保护因素。结论部分痤疮患者存在心理健康问题。女性、痤疮分级越高、病程越长、喜食油腻辛辣食物、Acne-QoL各因子评分越低的患者,出现心理健康问题的风险越高。

社会工作介入下的突发公共卫生事件中青年心理问题探讨

探讨青年群体在突发公共卫生事件中的心理压力问题,为青年群体的心理健康教育及实施心理行为干预提供依据。研究采用自编问卷,对安徽省F县Z社区内的青年群体进行抽样调查,并对抽样结果进行统计分析。结果显示:有75%的人面对突发公共卫生事件会增加心理压力,只有7%的人不受此影响,同时有30%的人不了解缓解心理压力的方法。由此建议社区设立心理服务专线、建立心理服务中心,以便有针对性地向青年群体开展心理健康教育;同时可以开展个案工作,合理分配社区工作者上门走访、线上咨询,有助于青年群体走出心理压力困境。研究丰富了现有文献,为突发公共卫生事件引发心理问题提供了解决思路。