Background: ESBL-producing strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae, one of the main causes of nosocomial and hospital-acquired infections, are commonly associated with therapeutic impasses. Surveillance of these multidrug-re...Background: ESBL-producing strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae, one of the main causes of nosocomial and hospital-acquired infections, are commonly associated with therapeutic impasses. Surveillance of these multidrug-resistant pathogens is a crucial tool for controlling and preventing infections. This surveillance involves the use of appropriate molecular and phenotypic typing techniques. The choice of techniques is based on criteria such as discriminatory power, intra- and inter-laboratory reproducibility, epidemiological concordance, ease of use and cost. The aim of our study was to identify clusters of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESBL-K. pneumoniae) strains circulating in neonatology using quantitative antibiogram (QA) and Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE). Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 55 K. pneumoniae strains isolated from a total of 513 samples. These various samples are taken from newborns, healthcare personnel, and the environment. K. pneumoniae identification followed standard bacteriological procedures and was confirmed using the Vitek® 2 (bioMérieux). The detection of the ESBL phenotype was performed using the synergy test. QA and PFGE were used to identify clonal relationships between the various strains isolated. Concordance between these two methods was assessed by calculating Cohen’s KAPPA coefficient and Simpson’s diversity index. Results: Among the 55 K. pneumoniae strains included in this study, 58.2% (32/55) were found to be Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) producers. Most of these strains were isolated from neonatal samples (blood samples and rectal swabs). The quantitative antibiogram method applied to 28 out of the 32 ESBL-producing strains revealed that the isolates were grouped into 5 clusters. Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis performed on a total of 16 ESBL-producing strains showed the existence of four profiles. A perfect concordance was observed between the two methods. Conclusion: The results of this study highlighted the existence of clonal strains of various origins within neonatology units.展开更多
Pulsed field gel electrophoresis(PFGE) has been firstly introduced in characterization of the pathogenic fungi Penicillium marne f fei and Exophiala dermatitidis genomes.The numbers and sizes of their chromosomes have...Pulsed field gel electrophoresis(PFGE) has been firstly introduced in characterization of the pathogenic fungi Penicillium marne f fei and Exophiala dermatitidis genomes.The numbers and sizes of their chromosomes have been detected.Polymorphism was identified on the smallest chromosome of E.dermatitidis.The result shows that PFGE for characterization of large molecular DNA pathogenic fungi is very suitable,it is more simple and more efficacy.The result also shows the diversity of pathogenic fungi is relative common even in rare occurred pathogenic fungi such as E.dermatitidis.展开更多
Objective To optimize the performance of Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) for the comparison of inter-laboratory results and information exchange of Borrelia burgdorferi subtypingo Methods A panel of 34 strai...Objective To optimize the performance of Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) for the comparison of inter-laboratory results and information exchange of Borrelia burgdorferi subtypingo Methods A panel of 34 strains of B. burgdorferi were used to optimize PFGE for subtyping. In order to optimize the electrophoretic parameters (EPs), all 34 strains of B. burgdorferi were analyzed using four EPs, yielding different Simpson diversity index (D) values and the epidemiological concordance was also evaluated. Results The EP of a switch time of l s to 25 s for13 h and l s to10 s for 6 h produced the highest D value and was declared to be optimal for Mlul and 5mal PFGE of B. burgdorferi. Mlul and Smal were selected as the first and second restriction enzymes for PFGE subtyping of B. burgdorferi according to discrimination and consistency with epidemiological data. Conclusion PFGE can be used as a valuable test for routine genospecies identification of B burgdorferi.展开更多
Objective To establish and compare the pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), multiple-locus variable number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) and automated ribotyping for subtyping of Citrobacter strains. Methods P...Objective To establish and compare the pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), multiple-locus variable number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) and automated ribotyping for subtyping of Citrobacter strains. Methods PFGE protocol was optimized in terms of plug preparation procedure, restriction enzymes and configuration of electrophoretic parameters. MLVA method was evaluated by finding variable number tandem repeats in two genomes of Citrobacter strains. The ribotyping was performed by using the automated RiboPrinter system. Results We optimized the plug preparation procedure, focused on the cell suspension concentration (turbidity of 2.5 to 3.5), SDS addition (no SDS needed) and lysis time (1 h), and selected the appropriate restriction enzyme (Xbal) and the electrophoretic parameters (1.0 s-20.0 s for 19 h) of PFGE. There was nearly no discriminatory power of MLVA between Citrobacter strains. For 51 Citrobacter strains, automated ribotyping gave a D-value of 0.9945, while PFGE gave a D-value of 0.9969. Both PFGE and automated ribotyping clustered strains from the same sources (with the same species from the same place at the same time identified as the same source) and divided strains from different sources (from different years, places and hosts) into different subtypes. Conclusion PFGE protocol established in this paper and automated ribotyping are suitable for application in Citrobacter subtyping.展开更多
目的了解2022—2023年贵州省单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌血清表型、脉冲场凝胶电泳(pulse-field gel electrophoresis,PFGE)分子分型特征和耐药情况,旨在为贵州省李斯特氏菌病的防控提供实验室数据支持并提高预警监测能力。方法收集2022年1...目的了解2022—2023年贵州省单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌血清表型、脉冲场凝胶电泳(pulse-field gel electrophoresis,PFGE)分子分型特征和耐药情况,旨在为贵州省李斯特氏菌病的防控提供实验室数据支持并提高预警监测能力。方法收集2022年1月—2023年12月贵州省致病菌识别网中心实验室监测腹泻疾病相关样本1220份,按照GB 4789.30—2016《食品安全国家标准食品卫生微生物学检验单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌检验》的执行标准分别进行分离培养,按照《国家致病菌识别网实验室监测技术手册(2022试用版)》进行实时荧光聚合酶链反应(polymerase chain reaction,PCR)检测方法鉴定,多重PCR检测血清型分型、PFGE分子分型和药敏试验。结果1220份腹泻疾病相关样本分离出424株菌株,其中单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌11株,阳性率为2.59%(11/424);11株单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌分为6种血清表型,血清型分布为1/2a、1/2b、1/2c、3a、3b和3c型;11株单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌对头孢西丁(cefoxitin,FOX)耐药率高达100%,对氯霉素(chloroamphenicol,CHL)中介率为72.72%,剩余12种药物[红霉素(erythromycin,ERY)、复方新诺明(trime-thoprim/sulfamethoxazole,T/SUL)、庆大霉素(gentamicin,GEN)、亚胺培南(imipenem,IPM)、苯唑西林(benzoxacillin,OXA)、克林霉素(clindamycin,CLI)、环丙沙星(ciprofloxacine,CIP)、达托霉素(datomycin,DAP)、氨苄西林(ampicillin,AMP)、四环素(tetracycline,TET)、万古霉素(vancomycin,VAN)、青霉素(chloramphenical,PEN)]均100%敏感;经AscⅠ酶切后11株单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌分成7种PFGE带型,相似性为40%~100%,其中3株菌相似性高达100%。结论2022—2023年贵州省发生了一起家庭聚集性李斯特氏菌病事件,遵义市肉制品中存在相同的污染来源,且污染源持续存在,贵州省具有多种致病性单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌,但尚未出现严重耐药情况。展开更多
Background The rise of the production of CTX-M class extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) has been well documented in traveling countries but no data are found for Macao, an international travel city. The objecti...Background The rise of the production of CTX-M class extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) has been well documented in traveling countries but no data are found for Macao, an international travel city. The objectives of this study were to identify the antimicrobial resistance pattern, and determine the prevalence, genotype and clonal relationship of ESBLs in 209 clinical Escherichia coli strains from Macao, China. Methods Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed to determine the resistance patterns of the isolates using the disk diffusion method with 17 antimicrobial agents. Phenotypic detection was screened and confirmed according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Genotypic characterization was detected by isoelectric focusing analysis, polymerase chain reaction and sequencing. The clonal relationship between the different ESBL isolates was studied by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Results Imipenem and meropenem exhibited 100% susceptible among 209 strains. Overall, 82.3%, 67.3%, 52.9%, 51.2% and 51.0% of the isolates displayed resistance to ampicillin, tetracylcline, ciprofloxacin, sulfamethoxazole trimethoprin and gentamycin. The prevalence rate of ESBLs was 30.1%. Antibiotic resistances were found to be significantly higher among the ESBL producing group compared to non-ESBL producing group. We detected CTX-M-14 to be the major genotypic characterization of ESBLs (76.2%). Two strains showed indistinguishable patterns by PFGE. Conclusions The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance is alarming high in Macao. Antimicrobial resistance is significantly higher among the ESBL producing group. This study documented CTX-M-14 as the predominant ESBL type. Although indistinguishable pattern was found between two strains, it was too small to decide whether any of the investigated strains was epidemic. Our findings may be also pertinent for other geographic areas undergoing similar travel characteristics to understand the corresponding effects on bacterial populations.展开更多
目的了解2021年贵州省遵义市李斯特菌血清型分布和PFGE分子分型特征,为贵州省李斯特菌病防控提供实验室依据。方法收集2021年贵州省致病菌识别网遵义市网络实验室监测的242份食品样本,对其进行分离培养,PCR鉴定,多重PCR血清型分型和脉...目的了解2021年贵州省遵义市李斯特菌血清型分布和PFGE分子分型特征,为贵州省李斯特菌病防控提供实验室依据。方法收集2021年贵州省致病菌识别网遵义市网络实验室监测的242份食品样本,对其进行分离培养,PCR鉴定,多重PCR血清型分型和脉冲场凝胶电泳(pulse-field gel electrophoresis,PFGE)分子分型。结果242份食品标本分离出5株李斯特菌,分离率为2.07%(5/242),其中4株为单增李斯特菌;5株李斯特菌分成2种血清群,其中1株非单增李斯特菌未分离出血清群,l/2a、3a血清群为优势血清群,经AscⅠ酶切后5株李斯特菌分成5种PFGE带型,相似性为45%~85%。结论贵州省遵义市可能出现除单增李斯特菌外其他李斯特菌种属,李斯特菌PFGE型别呈多样性,主要以食品污染为主,未发现聚集病例,有散发病例出现的可能性,应加强对其分子分型监测。展开更多
目的研究福建省2008年至2010年公共场所空调冷却塔水及冷凝水中分离的嗜肺军团菌血清Ⅰ型(LP1)及血清Ⅵ型(LP6)的基因特征。方法应用脉冲场凝胶电泳(pulsed-field gel electrophoresis,PFGE)技术对57株LP1型军团菌及15株LP6军团菌进行电...目的研究福建省2008年至2010年公共场所空调冷却塔水及冷凝水中分离的嗜肺军团菌血清Ⅰ型(LP1)及血清Ⅵ型(LP6)的基因特征。方法应用脉冲场凝胶电泳(pulsed-field gel electrophoresis,PFGE)技术对57株LP1型军团菌及15株LP6军团菌进行电泳,并用BioNumerics(version 6.0,Applied Maths,Inc)软件包对其进行聚类分析。结果 57株LP1军团菌可分为40种PFGE型,菌株间相似性系数在24.107%~100.000%之间不等,大部分菌株的PFGE型别差异明显,无优势型别。不同地区分离的LP1军团菌既有差异较大的带型,也存在相同和相似的带型;相同地区,菌株间相似性系数存在差异,无优势菌株。15株LP6军团菌可分为12个不同的PFGE型别,菌株间相似性系数在27.87%~100.00%之间。结论 2008-2010年福建省公共场所空调冷却塔水及冷凝水中分离的LP1及LP6军团菌呈现基因多样性。展开更多
文摘Background: ESBL-producing strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae, one of the main causes of nosocomial and hospital-acquired infections, are commonly associated with therapeutic impasses. Surveillance of these multidrug-resistant pathogens is a crucial tool for controlling and preventing infections. This surveillance involves the use of appropriate molecular and phenotypic typing techniques. The choice of techniques is based on criteria such as discriminatory power, intra- and inter-laboratory reproducibility, epidemiological concordance, ease of use and cost. The aim of our study was to identify clusters of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESBL-K. pneumoniae) strains circulating in neonatology using quantitative antibiogram (QA) and Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE). Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 55 K. pneumoniae strains isolated from a total of 513 samples. These various samples are taken from newborns, healthcare personnel, and the environment. K. pneumoniae identification followed standard bacteriological procedures and was confirmed using the Vitek® 2 (bioMérieux). The detection of the ESBL phenotype was performed using the synergy test. QA and PFGE were used to identify clonal relationships between the various strains isolated. Concordance between these two methods was assessed by calculating Cohen’s KAPPA coefficient and Simpson’s diversity index. Results: Among the 55 K. pneumoniae strains included in this study, 58.2% (32/55) were found to be Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) producers. Most of these strains were isolated from neonatal samples (blood samples and rectal swabs). The quantitative antibiogram method applied to 28 out of the 32 ESBL-producing strains revealed that the isolates were grouped into 5 clusters. Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis performed on a total of 16 ESBL-producing strains showed the existence of four profiles. A perfect concordance was observed between the two methods. Conclusion: The results of this study highlighted the existence of clonal strains of various origins within neonatology units.
文摘Pulsed field gel electrophoresis(PFGE) has been firstly introduced in characterization of the pathogenic fungi Penicillium marne f fei and Exophiala dermatitidis genomes.The numbers and sizes of their chromosomes have been detected.Polymorphism was identified on the smallest chromosome of E.dermatitidis.The result shows that PFGE for characterization of large molecular DNA pathogenic fungi is very suitable,it is more simple and more efficacy.The result also shows the diversity of pathogenic fungi is relative common even in rare occurred pathogenic fungi such as E.dermatitidis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)(31100105)the 12th Five-Year Major National Science and Technology Projects of China(No.2012ZX10004219-007)
文摘Objective To optimize the performance of Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) for the comparison of inter-laboratory results and information exchange of Borrelia burgdorferi subtypingo Methods A panel of 34 strains of B. burgdorferi were used to optimize PFGE for subtyping. In order to optimize the electrophoretic parameters (EPs), all 34 strains of B. burgdorferi were analyzed using four EPs, yielding different Simpson diversity index (D) values and the epidemiological concordance was also evaluated. Results The EP of a switch time of l s to 25 s for13 h and l s to10 s for 6 h produced the highest D value and was declared to be optimal for Mlul and 5mal PFGE of B. burgdorferi. Mlul and Smal were selected as the first and second restriction enzymes for PFGE subtyping of B. burgdorferi according to discrimination and consistency with epidemiological data. Conclusion PFGE can be used as a valuable test for routine genospecies identification of B burgdorferi.
基金supported by the project (grant 2005CB522904 and 2005CB522905) from the Ministry of Scientific Technologythe project (grant 2008ZX10004-001, 2008ZX10004-008, and 2009ZX10004-101) from the Ministry of Scientific Technology and the Ministry of Health of the People’s Republic of China
文摘Objective To establish and compare the pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), multiple-locus variable number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) and automated ribotyping for subtyping of Citrobacter strains. Methods PFGE protocol was optimized in terms of plug preparation procedure, restriction enzymes and configuration of electrophoretic parameters. MLVA method was evaluated by finding variable number tandem repeats in two genomes of Citrobacter strains. The ribotyping was performed by using the automated RiboPrinter system. Results We optimized the plug preparation procedure, focused on the cell suspension concentration (turbidity of 2.5 to 3.5), SDS addition (no SDS needed) and lysis time (1 h), and selected the appropriate restriction enzyme (Xbal) and the electrophoretic parameters (1.0 s-20.0 s for 19 h) of PFGE. There was nearly no discriminatory power of MLVA between Citrobacter strains. For 51 Citrobacter strains, automated ribotyping gave a D-value of 0.9945, while PFGE gave a D-value of 0.9969. Both PFGE and automated ribotyping clustered strains from the same sources (with the same species from the same place at the same time identified as the same source) and divided strains from different sources (from different years, places and hosts) into different subtypes. Conclusion PFGE protocol established in this paper and automated ribotyping are suitable for application in Citrobacter subtyping.
文摘Background The rise of the production of CTX-M class extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) has been well documented in traveling countries but no data are found for Macao, an international travel city. The objectives of this study were to identify the antimicrobial resistance pattern, and determine the prevalence, genotype and clonal relationship of ESBLs in 209 clinical Escherichia coli strains from Macao, China. Methods Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed to determine the resistance patterns of the isolates using the disk diffusion method with 17 antimicrobial agents. Phenotypic detection was screened and confirmed according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Genotypic characterization was detected by isoelectric focusing analysis, polymerase chain reaction and sequencing. The clonal relationship between the different ESBL isolates was studied by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Results Imipenem and meropenem exhibited 100% susceptible among 209 strains. Overall, 82.3%, 67.3%, 52.9%, 51.2% and 51.0% of the isolates displayed resistance to ampicillin, tetracylcline, ciprofloxacin, sulfamethoxazole trimethoprin and gentamycin. The prevalence rate of ESBLs was 30.1%. Antibiotic resistances were found to be significantly higher among the ESBL producing group compared to non-ESBL producing group. We detected CTX-M-14 to be the major genotypic characterization of ESBLs (76.2%). Two strains showed indistinguishable patterns by PFGE. Conclusions The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance is alarming high in Macao. Antimicrobial resistance is significantly higher among the ESBL producing group. This study documented CTX-M-14 as the predominant ESBL type. Although indistinguishable pattern was found between two strains, it was too small to decide whether any of the investigated strains was epidemic. Our findings may be also pertinent for other geographic areas undergoing similar travel characteristics to understand the corresponding effects on bacterial populations.
文摘目的了解2021年贵州省遵义市李斯特菌血清型分布和PFGE分子分型特征,为贵州省李斯特菌病防控提供实验室依据。方法收集2021年贵州省致病菌识别网遵义市网络实验室监测的242份食品样本,对其进行分离培养,PCR鉴定,多重PCR血清型分型和脉冲场凝胶电泳(pulse-field gel electrophoresis,PFGE)分子分型。结果242份食品标本分离出5株李斯特菌,分离率为2.07%(5/242),其中4株为单增李斯特菌;5株李斯特菌分成2种血清群,其中1株非单增李斯特菌未分离出血清群,l/2a、3a血清群为优势血清群,经AscⅠ酶切后5株李斯特菌分成5种PFGE带型,相似性为45%~85%。结论贵州省遵义市可能出现除单增李斯特菌外其他李斯特菌种属,李斯特菌PFGE型别呈多样性,主要以食品污染为主,未发现聚集病例,有散发病例出现的可能性,应加强对其分子分型监测。