CONTROL STRATEGY FOR ELECTRO-HYDRAULIC POSITION SERVO SYSTEM WITH GENERALIZED PULSE CODE MODULATION

A hybrid control strategy has been designed and developed for the electro-hydraulic posi-tion servo control system with generalized Pulse code modulation （GPCM）, which is suitable for the area where the work condition is poor and a large flow rate is required. It is difficult to control the GPCM system because the system is discrete. With consideration of the stability and speediness of the GPCM position servo control system, a control strategy is developed through the theoretical and ex-perimental analyses. The control strategy integrates the merits of Bang-Bang control, PID control and fuzzy control. With this hybrid control strategy, the electro hydraulic control system has good per-formances, and the servo control is carried out with GPCM through on-off valves.

Ultra-low power anti-crosstalk collision avoidance light detection and ranging using chaotic pulse position modulation approach

A novel concept of collision avoidance single-photon light detection and ranging（LIDAR） for vehicles has been demonstrated, in which chaotic pulse position modulation is applied on the transmitted laser pulses for robust anti-crosstalk purposes. Besides, single-photon detectors（SPD） and time correlated single photon counting techniques are adapted, to sense the ultra-low power used for the consideration of compact structure and eye safety. Parameters including pulse rate, discrimination threshold, and number of accumulated pulses have been thoroughly analyzed based on the detection requirements, resulting in specified receiver operating characteristics curves. Both simulation and indoor experiments were performed to verify the excellent anti-crosstalk capability of the presented collision avoidance LIDAR despite ultra-low transmitting power.

Chaotic pulse position modulation ultra-wideband system based on particle filtering

Traditional chaotic pulse position modulation(CPPM)system has many drawbacks.It introduces delay into the feedback loop,which will lead to divergence of chaotic map easily.The wrong decision of data will cause error propagation.Mismatch of parameters and synchronization error between the receiver and transmitter will arouse high bit error rate.To solve these problems,a demodulation algorithm of CPPM based on particle filtering is proposed.According to the mathematical model of the system,it tracks the real signal by online separation in demodulation.Simulation results show that the proposed method can track the true signal better than the traditional CPPM scheme.What's more,it has good synchronization robustness,reduced error propagation by wrong decision and low bit error rate.

A NEW MODULATION SCHEME FOR IR-UWB COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS

Since the poor performance of orthogonal binary Pulse Position Modulation (PPM) compared with binary Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM), this paper presents a new modulation scheme named Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) for Impulse Radio Ultra-WideBand (IR-UWB) communication systems. This modulation scheme uses pulses with equal amplitude and different widths to carry different information. The receiver employs differences between similarity coefficients among these pulses to distinguish different information. Both theoretical analysis and simulation results verify that this novel scheme has a Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) gain of about 1.75 dB compared with or- thogonal binary PPM, and has an SNR loss of about 1.4 dB compared with binary PAM. Although both the theoretical analysis and simulations are based on time-hopping multiple access, this modulation scheme can also be applied to other accessing techniques of UWB communication systems.

Optimal design of basic pulse waveforms for THSS UWB radio systems

Ultrawide bandwidth (UWB) radio, a very promising technique carrying information in very short basic pulses, has properties that make it a viable candidate for short-range wireless communications. In this paper, several short-pulse waveforms based on Gaussian genetic monocycle as well as Gaussian pulse waveform, as candidates of basic UWB pulse waveforms, are firstly proposed and investigated. Their spectrum characteristics, bit transmission rate (BTR), and bit error rate (BER) performance in AWGN channel using time hopping spread spectrum (THSS) and pulse position modulation (PPM) are simulated and evaluated. The numerical results are compared and show that the basic pulse waveforms determine the spectrum characteristics of UWB signals and have much effect on the performance of UWB radio system. The performance of UWB radio system achieved by the proposed basic pulse waveforms is much better than that of UWB radio system realized by other used basic pulse waveforms under the uniform conditions. Also, the polarity of these short basic pulses does not affect the performance of UWB radio system.

Link Budget Design with Performance Evaluation of Tunable Impulse-Based Ultra Wideband to Support the Integration of Wireless Sensing and Identifications Infrastructures

Recently, many studies propose the use of ultra-wideband technology for passive and active radio frequency identification systems as well as for wireless sensor networks due to its numerous advantages. By harvesting these advantages of IR-UWB technology at the physical-layer design, this paper proposes that a cross layer architecture platform can be considered as a good integrator for different wireless short-ranges indoor protocols into a universal smart wireless-tagged architecture with new promising applications in cognitive radio for future applications. Adaptive transmission algorithms have been studied to show the trade-off between different specific QoS requirements, transmission rates and distances at the physical layer level and this type of dynamic optimization and reconfiguration leads to the cross-layer design proposal in the paper. Studies from both theoretical simulation and statistical indoor environments experiments are considered as a proof of concept for the proposed architecture.

用于新型符号的频偏补偿和解调的算法与电路

为提高传统脉冲位置调制(pulse position modulation,PPM)符号的频谱效率,提出了一种新型码片内4-PPM符号调制方法,在实现1 Gbit/s通信速率的同时,又大大减少所需频谱资源。可在解调时,该符号调制的误码率性能受到发射端时钟和接收端本地时钟之间的频率偏移的极大影响。针对此问题,又提出了一种在模拟域对该符号进行频偏补偿,并实现符号同步和高速数据解调的算法与电路。该电路系统通过消除接收数据和本地时钟的初始相差、提取两者的频偏信息、周期性改变本地时钟的瞬时相位3步实现频偏补偿,并同时在第3步利用本地时钟对接收数据进行解调。为提高相位插值器(phase interpolator,PI)的线性度,本文将延迟锁定环与PI相结合。在2π的插值范围内,实现插值区间32个,插值步长992个,分辨率2.016 ps,最大差分非线性(differential nonlinearity,DNL)0.183°,最大积分非线性(integral nonlinearity,INL)0.325°。此外,本文提出的相位控制算法有效避免了由电流毛刺所引起的输出相位突变。电路基于UMC 40 nm CMOS RF LP工艺进行设计与仿真。仿真结果表明:本文所提出的算法与电路,在典型工艺角下,将接收数据和本地时钟间的50×10^(-6)频率偏差度降至1.03×10^(-6),频偏补偿准确度达到97.94%,并实现1 Gbit/s的解调速率。该方法对高速PPM数据同步与解调具有良好的工程应用价值。

Gamma-Gamma模型下采用PPM调制的MIMO-FSO系统误时隙率分析

分析了在Gamma-Gamma分布下基于脉冲位置调制(pulse position modulation,PPM)方式的多输入输出自由空间光学(multiple input multiple output free space optics,MIMO-FSO)通信系统模型。首先推导了单输入单输出(single input single output,SISO)-PPM系统的误时隙率(slot error rate,SER)计算公式,以此作为参考,在独立同分布和独立分布参数不同情况下,分别推导出MISO-PPM、SIMO-PPM和MIMO-PPM系统的平均SER计算公式,并用数值仿真的方法,分析了它们的平均SER性能。仿真结果表明,在Gamma-Gamma分布模型下,采用多发多收的方法确实能有效提高FSO系统的平均SER性能,如在误时隙率为10-4时,M=2、N=2的MIMO-PPM系统在信道分布参数相同和不同时,与SISO-PPM相比,分别能节省信噪比50dB和65dB左右。实际应用中,M和N分别取3或4就基本足够,对无线光通信系统的理论分析和系统设计具有一定的指导意义。

OWC中DPPM调制解调技术研究

调制解调技术一直是光无线通信(OWC)领域中的研究热点之一。较之脉冲位置调制(PPM),差分脉冲位置调制(DPPM)是一种光功率利用率和带宽利用率都较高的调制方式。本文对PPM调制和DPPM调制进行了比较分析,提出了基于FPGA的DPPM调制解调系统的设计方案。硬件仿真结果表明,该系统性能稳定,可以应用到光无线通信系统中。

PPM伪随机码及其应用

提出一种产生伪随机PPM信号的方法 ,并利用产生的伪随机PPM信号调制伪随机码获取PPM伪随机码。推导了PPM伪随机码的自相关函数和功率谱 ,并结合图形分析了它们的特点。

无线光通信中的PPM调制

本文对 3种脉冲位置调制 (PPM)进行了分析 ,并将它们与OOK调制作了比较。对比了它们在无线光通信中应用中的优缺点 ,并提出了对单脉冲PPM调制的 2种判决方法。

抗多普勒效应FRFT-PPM水声通信技术

针对现有水声通信系统抗干扰性能不佳和易受多普勒效应影响的问题,提出了基于分数阶Fourier变换的脉冲位置调制(fractional Fourier transform-pulse position modulation,FRFT-PPM)的水声通信系统方案及分数阶域多普勒效应补偿方法。FRFT-PPM水声通信系统采用线性调频(linear frequency modulation,LFM)信号作为通信载波,借用PPM原理将信息调制到分数阶域脉冲位置中进行传输,具有通信速率可调,最高可达1.6kbit/s,抗噪声干扰能力强的优点。根据LFM信号较大多普勒容限和分数阶Fourier变换尺度变换特性,采用分数阶域分数阶域峰值位置补偿来抑制相对运动产生的多普勒效应。通过大量计算机仿真和湖试试验,验证了FRFT-PPM通信系统及分数阶域多普勒效应补偿算法的有效性与可行性。

基于K均值聚类的SPPM分步分类检测算法

针对空间脉冲位置调制系统中采用最大似然检测算法时存在计算复杂度高的问题,依据空间脉冲位置调制信号矩阵的特点,提出了一种基于K均值聚类的分步分类检测算法。首先,采用基于信号向量检测算法完成训练样本中光源索引号的检测,利用K均值聚类算法对训练样本进行离线训练得到其质心与调制符号间的映射关系。然后,以该映射关系为准则完成在线调制符号的实时检测,以穷搜索方式检测出光源索引号。最后,采用蒙特卡罗方法研究了聚类数目、初始化次数等关键参数对系统误比特率性能的影响。仿真结果表明,所提算法能够取得近似最大似然算法的误比特率性能,同时大幅度降低了信号检测的计算复杂度。与线性译码算法相比,所提算法还可适用于探测器数目小于光源数目的通信场景。

大气激光通信中三脉冲的MPPM编译码系统的实现

为了解决大气激光通信中单脉冲位置调制(PPM)的传输带宽扩张的问题,分析了多脉冲位置调制(MPPM)的传信能力、传输效率、带宽利用率等性能参数。发现三脉冲的MPPM在传信能力、带宽利用率较PPM和二脉冲的MPPM有很大优势。设计并实现了一种新的编译码系统,即三脉冲的MPPM编译码系统。实验结果表明,用FPGA实现的三脉冲的MPPM编译码系统能够正确地完成输入二进制信息的编译码。

大气湍流光PPM通信系统中LDPC码的置信传播译码(英文)

对大气弱湍流光PPM通信系统中LDPC码的BP解码算法进行了研究,提出了相应系统模型下的解码算法.通过理论分析和大量计算机仿真,结果表明:采用LDPC的大气弱湍流光PPM通信系统比未编码的大气弱湍流光PPM通信系统的性能好,但是系统的BER性能随着PPM的时隙数的增加而增大.

一种二脉冲的MPPM编码映射方法研究

提出了一种新的二脉冲的MPPM编码映射方法。该方法用于实现输入二进制比特流与多脉冲位置调制(MPPM)符号之间的转换。用Verilog硬件描述语言完成了编码器的设计工作。与目前普遍应用的列表法和星座图法比较,表明该方法具有应用灵活、计算量小、易于实现的特点。

TH-PPM UWB系统的多址干扰模型改进及误码性能分析

跳时-脉冲位置调制方式(TH-PPMTime-HoppingPulsePositionModulation)是IR-UWB系统中最常用的多址调制方式之一,针对该多址方式的性能分析一直是UWB技术研究的一个热点。一些文献采用多址干扰特征函数直接数值计算的方法对相干接收方式下异步UWB多用户系统的误码性能进行了分析并获得了精确的数值分析结果,但是相应的分析过程中存在着一定的系统参数设置约束。针对现有多用户干扰模型的不足进行了改进和完善,并推导了相应的MAI概率分布和多址干扰误码性能解析表达式。最后通过Monte-Carlo计算机仿真,对改进模型下理论分析结果的有效性进行了验证。

伪码调相与伪随机PPM复合引信的抗噪声性能分析

该文在介绍伪码调相与伪随机脉冲位置调制(PPM)复合引信工作原理的基础上,推导了在多普勒频率影响下接收机的总调制制度增益。对推导结果的分析和计算机仿真表明:随多普勒频率的增大,伪码序列周期越大或高频脉冲宽度越宽,其抗噪声性能下降越迅速,对其伪码序列周期、高频脉冲宽度和引信工作频率的设计,能够保证该体制引信良好的抗噪声性能。

TH-PPM与TH-PAM超宽带系统的性能分析和比较

采用基于软判决和硬判决的方法,对跳时脉冲位置调制(time hopping-pulse position modulation,TH-PPM)和跳时脉冲幅度调制(time hopping-pulse amplitude modulation,TH-PAM)超宽带系统的误比特率性能进行了分析和比较.在加性高斯白噪声(additive white Gausses noise,AWGN)信道下,研究了TH-PPM和TH-PAM超宽带单用户系统接收端信号进行软判决和硬判决时的性能,同时分析比较系统在两种调制方式下采用不同脉冲重复次数时的性能差异.仿真结果表明,在AWGN信道下,TH-PPM和TH-PAM的系统性能均随脉冲重复次数的增加而明显改善,并且后者优于前者.此外,采用软判决时的系统性能优于采用硬判决时的系统性能.

无背景噪声下的光MPPM信道容量分析

基于多脉冲位置调制(MPPM)在无背景噪声下的信道模型,根据信息理论,推导了有保护时段的光MPPM信道容量的表达式,在此基础上又推出了MPPM的信息传输速率和容量能量效率的表达式。分析并比较了MPPM和PPM的信道容量、信息传输速率以及信道容量能量效率。仿真结果表明,在对光脉冲功率、系统带宽倒数、单个脉冲所含光子数等参数进行适当的选取以后,MPPM在信道容量方面的特性优于PPM。