A new tracking error detection method using amplitude difference detection for signal waveform modulation multi-level discs

The sub-land/sub-pit affects the characteristic of the tracking error signal which is generated by the conventional differential phase detection （DPD） method in the signal waveform modulation multi-level （SWML） read-only disc. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a new tracking error detection method using amplitude difference. Based on the diffraction theory, the amplitude difference is proportional to the tracking error and is feasible to be used for obtaining the off-track information. The experimental system of the amplitude difference detection method is developed. The experimental results show that the tracking error signal derived from the new method has better performance in uniformity and signal-to-noise ratio than that derived from the conventional DPD method in the SWML read-only disc.

Read channel for signal waveform modulation multi-level disc

A novel read channel for signal waveform modulation multi-level disc is presented in this paper. This read channel employs timing recovery system and partial response maximum likelihood detector. Compared to the previous read channel composed of level detection and run-length detection, the present read channel shows superiority in capacity increase and robust performance. Especially, relying on the partial response maximum likelihood detection, lower bit error rate can be obtained.

Improved partial response maximum likelihood method combining modulation code for signal waveform modulation multi-level disc

In this paper, we describe an improved adaptive partial response maximum likelihood （PRML） method combining modulation code tbr signal waveform modulation multi-level disc. This improved adaptive PRML method employs partial response equalizer and adaptive viterbi detector combining modulation code. Compared with the traditional adaptive PRML detector, the improved PRML detector additionally employs illogical sequence detector and corrector. Illogical sequence detector and corrector can aw）id the appearance of illogical sequences effectively, which do not follow the law of modulation code for signal waveform modulation multi-level disc, and obtain the correct sequences. We implement the improved PRML detector using a DSP and an FPGA chip. The experimental results show good performance. The higher efficient and lower complexity can be obtained by using the improved PRML method than by using the previous PRML method. Meanwhile, resource utilization of the improved PRML detector is not changed, but the bit error rate （BER） is reduced by more than 20%.

UWB Communication System Based on Bipolar PPM with Orthogonal Waveforms

In many classic Ultra Wide Band communication systems, only Gaussian and monocycle pulses associate to PPM modulation are used. In this paper, an original communication system based on orthogonal functions and the Bipolar PPM modulation is proposed. This system allows good performances in terms of Bit Error Rate (BER) and high data rate. This study concerns new applications, such as Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) and Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I) communication systems or a wireless link between computers. These applications need high reliability to transmit security-related information and high data rate to exchange multimedia data. With the emergence of the orthogonal wave-forms, the performances of the UWB communication system will be more interesting in terms of BER and data rate. In this paper, two kinds of improvement are proposed. The first improvement permits us to decrease the Bit Error Rate using the original waveforms. The second allows improving the data rate via novel modulation method. The last parameter study, in this paper, concerns the problem of synchronization between the different users. We will study the performances of the proposed system in multiusers environment in synchronous and asynchronous cases. In the first stage, the theoretical and simulation results will be presented for the proposed system. The simulation results obtained by comparing the classic UWB system and the proposed system show that our solution gives good performances in terms of BER and data rate. The theoretical results of BER values will be given for our proposed solution. In the second stage, we will compute BER values for different jitter effects. Theses studies report theoretical and simulation performances evaluation in the case of two

A Comprehensive Survey of Candidate Waveforms for 5G, beyond 5G and 6G Wireless Communication Systems

The evolution of global mobile data over the past decades in broadcasting, Internet of Things (IoT), education, healthcare, commerce, and energy has put strong pressure on 3G/4G mobile networks to improve their service offerings. These generations of mobile networks were initially invented to meet the requirements of the above-mentioned applications. However, as the requirements in these applications continue to increase, new mobile technologies such as 5G (fifth generation), 5G and beyond (B5G, beyond fifth generation), and 6G (sixth generation) are still progressing and being experimented. These networks are very heterogeneous generations of mobile networks that will have to offer very high throughput per user, good energy efficiency, better traffic capacity per area, improved spectral efficiency, very low latency, and high mobility. To meet these requirements, the radio interface of future mobile networks will have to be flexible and rationalized the available frequency resources. Therefore, new modulation methods, access techniques and waveforms capable of supporting these technological changes are proposed. This review presents brief descriptions of the types of 5G, B5G, and 6G waveforms. The 5G consists of OFDM including its transmission techniques: generalized frequency division multiplexing (GFDM), filter bank based multi-carrier (FBMC), universal filtered multi-carrier (UFMC), and index modulation (IM). Meanwhile, the 6G covers orthogonal time frequency space (OTFS), orthogonal chirp division multiplexing (OCDM) and orthogonal time sequence multiplexing (OTSM). The networks’ potentialities, advantages, disadvantages, and future directions are outlined.

Quasi-LFM radar waveform recognition based on fractional Fourier transform and time-frequency analysis

Recent advances in electronics have increased the complexity of radar signal modulation.The quasi-linear frequency modulation(quasi-LFM)radar waveforms(LFM,Frank code,P1−P4 code)have similar time-frequency distributions,and it is difficult to identify such signals using traditional time-frequency analysis methods.To solve this problem,this paper proposes an algorithm for automatic recognition of quasi-LFM radar waveforms based on fractional Fourier transform and time-frequency analysis.First of all,fractional Fourier transform and the Wigner-Ville distribution(WVD)are used to determine the number of main ridgelines and the tilt angle of the target component in WVD.Next,the standard deviation of the target component's width in the signal's WVD is calculated.Finally,an assembled classifier using neural network is built to recognize different waveforms by automatically combining the three features.Simulation results show that the overall recognition rate of the proposed algorithm reaches 94.17%under 0 dB.When the training data set and the test data set are mixed with noise,the recognition rate reaches 89.93%.The best recognition accuracy is achieved when the size of the training set is taken as 400.The algorithm complexity can meet the requirements of real-time recognition.

Overview of 5G modulation and waveforms candidates

The 5G(fifth generation)mobile communications aim to support a large versatile type of services with different and often diverging requirements,which has posed significant challenges on the design of 5G systems.Modulation and waveforms are one of the key physical layer componentsthat determine the system throughput,reliability,and complexity,therefore their design is critical in meeting the variety requirements of 5G services.A comprehensive overview was presented on the modulation and waveforms that have been considered for their potential application to 5G in the literature,identifying their design requirements,and discussing their advantages to meet such requirements.Additional considerations that extend our view to higher layer aspects and air interface harmonization are provided as the final remarks.As a result of this article,it is hopeful to draw greater attentions from the readers on this important topic,and trigger further studies on the promising modulation and waveform candidates.

Evaluation Method of Output Waveform Quality for Neutral⁃Point⁃ Clamped Three⁃Level Converter

An analytical evaluation method for output waveform quality of space vector pulse width modulation(PWM)strategies applied in neutral⁃point⁃clamped three⁃level converter(3L⁃NPC)is proposed in this paper.Low frequency error caused by neutral point voltage ripple and high frequency error introduced by space vector synthesis were both taken into account,and the unified error model of output current ripple was established.By taking continuous and discontinuous modulation strategies as examples,the unified error model was validated through Fourier analysis of the experimental results.The proposed evaluation method will be helpful for the switching sequence optimization and the modulation strategy selection.

Ultrashort optical pulse shaper based on complex-modulated long-period-grating coupler

In this paper,we present a novel ultrashort pulse shaper based on complex-modulated long-period-grating coupler（CM-LPGC）.Temporal rectangular waveform with 2-ps full width at half maximum（FWHM） is obtained by transforming the input Gaussian pulse.Tolerances of the CM-LPGC-based shaper to various non-ideal excitation conditions and fabricating errors are investigated.Results confirm that CM-LPGC is stable and suitable for optical pulse shaping operation.

局部干法水下快频脉冲MIG焊电源研制

针对复杂水下环境焊接过程对焊接电源超高动特性与精确控制需求,设计基于SiC模块的快频脉冲焊接电源功率主电路,开发全数字化控制系统,研制出局部干法水下快频脉冲MIG焊电源(local dry underwater fastfrequency pulsed MIG,LDU-FFPMIG).研制的LDU-FFPMIG焊接电源额定输出电流为400 A,能精确输出多种0~30 kHz的快频脉冲电流波形,快频脉冲电流幅值高达200 A.提出LDU-FFPMIG焊接新工艺,将快频脉冲应用到304不锈钢局部干法水下MIG焊接,探究快频脉冲对传统局部干法水下脉冲MIG焊的影响.结果表明,研制的LDU-FFPMIG焊接电源能够实现稳定的局部干法水下MIG焊,可获得良好的焊缝成形;快频脉冲电流的引入可显著提高电弧能量密度和焊接稳定性,减小熔宽(B)、增大熔深(H),焊缝成形系数(B/H)减小约30%,并且可以细化晶粒.

变换域通信系统研究现状与问题分析

变换域通信系统(TDCS)通过感知周边电磁环境,在收发两端设计出相同的基础调制波形,该波形具有伪噪声性质且规避了干扰频段,从而降低了信号被截获的概率,有效地提高了通信抗干扰能力。文中介绍了TDCS的基本原理,综述了TDCS相关技术的研究现状,分析了当前TDCS应用中面临的关键问题及未来技术发展。

基于偏振复用调制的周期性光学任意波形生成方案

针对复杂波形生成的需求,提出了一种基于偏振复用调制的周期性光学任意波形信号生成方案。通过精心调控正交相移键控(QPSK)调制器的调制指数、射频偏移及偏置相移等关键参数,使得2个正交偏振态上的调制器能够分别输出傅里叶级数中的正弦和余弦谐波叠加形式的光强。当这些光强合束后,就能得到幅度和相位均可精确控制的函数波形,而且还具备可调谐函数波形信号输出的特性。仿真结果表明:当均方根误差小于等于0.05时,该方案可生成对称因子可调(20%~80%)斜坡波、占空比可调(30%~100%)三角波和半占空比可调(20%~80%)斜坡波3种典型波形,验证了该方案的可行性。

带有死区时间补偿及电容电压平衡功能的二极管钳位型三电平逆变器数字调制方法

针对二极管钳位型三电平逆变器存在的电容电压平衡问题和死区时间导致的输出波形失真问题,该文在分析死区时间对输出波形失真及电容电压平衡影响的基础上,提出一种可用于高频逆变器的数字调制方法及具体实现形式,分析量化与采样环节、数字隔离器件传输延时及采样时钟对所提方法的影响,并给出开关时钟分频倍数的设计准则。该方法独立于闭环控制系统其他环节,无需电流采样,实现容易且易于集成在数字控制器中;无需控制环路运算,可适用于更高开关频率和输出频率。仿真和实验表明,所提方法在不同开关频率、不同死区时间和不同负载类型下均能有效地降低死区时间导致的输出波形失真现象,且能够很好地解决电容电压平衡问题。此外,所提方法在开关频率高达400 kHz的情况下仍具有良好的效果。

一种幅相联合调制雷达波形设计与处理方法

随着脉内特征识别、信号分选等电子侦察技术的发展,雷达波形设计正面临严峻的挑战。幅度调制作为一种新型脉冲调制方式,能够增加信号时域的复杂性,提升波形的反识别能力。本文提出一种幅相联合编码雷达波形,通过幅度相位联合调制提升雷达波形的复杂度,具有良好的反侦察潜力;利用幅度上的稀疏采样特点,提出匹配滤波与压缩感知相结合的回波信号处理方法处理此信号,有效提升低信噪比条件下的检测概率。最后通过仿真实验证明了所提幅相联合调制雷达波形设计与处理方法的有效性。

可编程多脉冲绿光激光器

为了满足平面激光诱导荧光技术和反射物速度干涉仪系统的应用要求,研制出一套可编程多脉冲绿光激光器。采用光强可编程技术,在任意波形发生器中输入一长脉冲电压波形,并将其加载到电光调制器上;通过对此电压脉冲波形的编辑,在实现时域上控制光强的同时输出多脉冲,且多脉冲的脉冲间隔、脉冲宽度及脉冲波形均任意可调。结果表明,放大过程的波形畸变得到矫正,获得脉宽为110 ns的绿光单脉冲方波;脉宽为50 ns、时间间隔5μs的绿光双脉冲方波;脉宽为40 ns、50 ns和60 ns、时间间隔为2μs、1μs的绿光三脉冲方波。该研究为平面激光诱导荧光技术和反射物速度干涉仪系统提供了参考。

基于多点频调制的反利用波形设计和优化处理

常规的雷达线性调频及编码波形易被无源非合作雷达利用,目前的雷达波形设计中均未考虑到波形被利用的问题。针对该问题,提出一种基于多点频调制的反利用波形。波形设计上,利用minimax方法设计出匹配滤波后具有多假目标的特殊频率编码波形,再对该波形进行多点频调制破坏匹配滤波的副瓣性能。在进行波形处理时,根据波形的先验知识,首先通过预先设计的陷波器进行去多点频调制,然后通过多约束条件下的凸优化方法进行失配滤波器设计,再采用设计的失配滤波器系数进行失配滤波,消除假目标的影响,降低副瓣水平,获得良好的探测指标。通过仿真分析了该波形在匹配滤波时副瓣水平高,存在多个假目标可混淆真目标的距离信息的特性,难以被无源非合作雷达利用,而优化处理可获得良好探测性能。

Chirp-DS-BPSK雷达通信一体化波形设计

针对线性调频-二进制相移键控(Chirp-Binary Phase Shift Keying,Chirp-BPSK)雷达通信一体化信号存在模糊函数受通信数据严重影响的问题,分析了传统周期扩频、混沌序列扩频及Logistic映射混沌序列的自相关性能,设计了一种扩频信号与线性调频脉冲相结合的雷达通信一体化共用波形,即Chirp-DS-BPSK一体化信号。该一体化波形分别采用混沌序列和BPSK方式对通信数据进行直接序列扩频与调制,以线性调频信号作为载波,并采用脉冲成型滤波器来提高频谱利用率,降低脉压旁瓣。最后,通过仿真分析证明了所提波形具有良好的模糊函数特性和误码率性能。在扩频比为7的条件下,与传统的Chirp-BPSK波形相比,Chirp-DS-BPSK波形的脉压峰值旁瓣比降低了约2.69 dB,通信误码率下降约8.45 dB,表明Chirp-DS-BPSK比Chirp-BPSK更适合作为雷达通信一体化共用波形。

FSK雷达的理论模型与实验验证

FSK雷达具有系统结构简单、造价低等优点,适用于智能家居、生命监测、安全防护等领域。鉴于此,建立了FSK雷达波形体制和信号处理的理论模型,并对VCO的调制剩余进行了建模与分析。采用长沙睿达电子科技有限公司的雷达产品进行实物仿真,并结合MATLAB仿真的方法,验证了理论模型的有效性。

MSK-LFM一体化信号波形相关性分析与参数选择

以二进制数字信号最佳接收准则为依据,分析了MSK-LFM雷达通信一体化信号不同码元对应波形的相关性。利用fresnel函数得到了波形相关系数的表达式;通过数值仿真得到了相关系数随LFM信号的初始频率、调频率、脉冲内码元调制速率等参数的变化关系;构建MSK-LFM信号正交调制、解调仿真模型进行验证。研究表明,通过增大初始频率、调频率或减少调制速率可降低信号误码率;当初始频率远大于脉冲内码元调制速率时可认为不同码元波形正交。

激光切割调高器微距测量传感器设计

该文针对现有的激光切割调高技术需求,提出一种基于电容器原理的非接触式微距测量方法,该方法是通过克拉泼振荡电路将激光切割喷嘴与工件之间形成的电容器电容信号调制转化为一定频率的高频正弦波信号,并基于电流反馈型的运算放大器和波形转化电路实现高精度、无失真、极低时滞的信号放大与波形转化。最后通过实验分析,该传感器满足信号输出稳定、重复性良好、分辨率高和量程合适等要求,达到激光切割调高技术需求的理想测距效果。