Numerical study on rotordynamic coefficients of the seal of molten salt pump

Molten salt pump is applied to pump high-temperature molten salt as the primary coolant of a molten salt reactor.The pump,generally a vertical rotor system,suffers from radial force generated by the liquid seal component,and the rotordynamic characteristics of the pump are affected considerably.In this paper,the rotordynamic coefficients of the tooth-on-stator liquid seal in molten salt pump are studied.The flow in the seal region is simulated using computational fluid dynamics technique.Parameters of the inlet loss and the pre-swirl at the inlet region of the seal are calculated.The coefficients of resistance and the wall parameters are obtained from the simulation results by data fitting method.The rotordynamic coefficients are analyzed based on the bulk-flow model of liquid seal.The rotordynamic characteristics,with and without the liquid seal,of the objective molten salt pump are inspected.The first critical speed of the rotor is found to increase.Harmonic analysis shows that the pump,being sensitive to unbalance force though,can operate safely under its design specifications.

DESIGN ON STOP SEAL FOR PROCESS THICK LIQUID PUMP

The using situation at present is summarized about the scal for process thick liquid pump. It is reasonable that sealing scheme is composed of secondary impeller and centrifugal block stop seal. Main formulas are deduced and some problems are pointed out on design and calculation of centrifugal block stop seal.

A New Magnetic Sealless Coupling Axial Flow Blood Pump

For rotating blood pump, the sealing problem is a very important one to solve. In this paper, it was introduced that we designed and made a small axial flow pump, applying the magnetic coupling method. The pump consisted of two pump housings, a brushless DC motor, an impeller with five wanes, a pair of magnetic discs, a spacer, an inlet and an outlet areas , bearings, a support frame, and etc. The pump is made of titanium and is 125 mm length, 147 ml volume, total 380g of weight. Performances of outputting, sealing, heat creating and damage to blood by the pump were investigated in vitro experiment. Results showed for external experiment that: (1)The pressure created by the pump was 90 mmHg, the flow rates were 1.2 L/min, 4 L/min, 5.9 L/min and 7.8 L/min correspondingly to 5000 rpm, 6000 rpm, 7000 rpm and 8000rpm rotation speeds. The hydrodynamic performance of the axial flow blood pump was enough to meet a patient need when the blood pump was used as a left ventricular assistant device. (2)The hemolysis test was studied by the normalized index of hemolysis(NIH). The NIH result of the axial flow pump was 0.08 g/100 L. (3)The outside temperature of the pump didnt change obviously in 120 hours of rotation, and the sealing function was very well.

Numerical simulation on rotordynamic characteristics of annular seal under uniform and non-uniform flows

Currently, the flow field of annular seals disturbed by the circular whirl motion of rotors is usually solved using computational fluid dynamics(CFD) to evaluate the five rotordynamic coefficients. The simulations are based on the traditional quasi-steady method. In this work, an improved quasi-steady method along with the transient method was presented to compute the rotordynamic coefficients of a long seal. By comparisons with experimental data, the shortcomings of quasi-steady methods have been identified. Then, the effects of non-uniform incoming flow on seal dynamic coefficients were studied by transient simulations. Results indicate that the long seal has large cross stiffness k and direct mass M which are not good for rotor stability, while the transient method is more suitable for the long seal for its excellent performance in predicting M. When the incoming flow is non-uniform, the stiffness coefficients vary with the eccentric directions. Based on the rotordynamic coefficients under uniform incoming flow, the linearized fluid force formulas, which can consider the effects of non-uniform incoming flow, have been presented and can well explain the varying-stiffness phenomenon.

EXPERIENCE WITH LEFT VENTRICULAR ASSIST IMPELLER PUMPS (Design and Construction)

Basic problems in the design and construction of impeller pumps were analysed with appropriate equations. Attention was focused on the reduction of the velocity variations. Newton shear, Renolds shear, velocity distributions, stream surfaces were discussed pertaining to axial, radial and mixed-flow impellers. Practical experience of the fabrication of impeller pumps based on the equations exposed was presented with illustrations. Advantages of such pumps are remarkable energy saving, obvious miniaturization and sensible reduction of hemolysis. Careful modifications were carried out on many points among them: impiller form, vane angle, stream surface polish, magnet-ferrofluid friction free seal, rotor concentricity and its rotational equilibrium, the pre-rotational swirl of blood flow at the pump inlet, all must be treated carefully following the theoretical require ments. The soundness of the design and the practical feasibility of the proposed equations have resulted in impeller pumps with encouraging preliminary results.

考虑表面粗糙度与空化效应的组合密封润滑分析

为了研究表面粗糙度及空化效应对压裂泵柱塞密封副密封性能的影响,基于稳态Reynolds方程,建立了粗糙峰和空化效应影响下组合密封的弹流润滑数值模型.在数值模拟基础上,采用有限体积法求解稳态Reynolds方程,研究了密封副在表面粗糙度影响下的油膜厚度、油膜压力、油膜流速分布规律,以及不同的往复速度和滑环表面粗糙度对密封性能的影响.结果表明,外行程流体动压效应微弱,油膜在空气侧附近会出现空化现象;较高的往复速度有利于减小泄漏量及摩擦阻力;滑环表面粗糙度从0.8μm增加到1.8μm时,净泄漏量与外行程摩擦力分别升高了180.4%和11.17%.因此,在工作过程中应设置较高的往复速度和使用较低粗糙度的滑环以提高密封性能.

高速轴承腔回流泵送密封全周期运转特性分析

针对高速轴承腔回流泵送密封启停阶段和高速状态不同的运转特性,对其全周期运转工况进行研究。应用有限元热流固耦合数值分析方法,建立高速轴承腔回流泵送密封分析模型,研究回流泵送密封的泄漏量、温度分布和端面变形在全运转周期转速内的变化情况;搭建高速轴承腔回流泵送密封试验台,得到其泄漏和温升情况并验证数值分析结果。结果表明:回流泵送密封可有效实现全运转周期的密封效果,其中低速运转时仅出现微量泄漏,高速运转时为零泄漏;动静环接触位置温度最高,端面外侧温度下降较快,低速运转时温升速率较快,达到临界开启转速时温度呈下降趋势;超过临界开启转速后,随转速继续增加温度缓慢上升,高速运转温度低于低转速情况;动静环端面内侧变形较大,动环变形量大于静环,端面变形随转速变化趋势与随温度变化趋势类似,高速运转下端面变形小于低转速下。研究结论为高速轴承腔回流泵送密封的分析与试验提供参考。

Development and Application of a Surface High-pressure Injection Device Using a Submersible Electric Pump

Injection recovery is an important measure for increasing the oil recovery rate of an oil field. One way is that centrifugal pumps or plunger pumps are used in an injection station to responsible for injection over a large area under the same pressure. This method is ineffective for low-permeability layers. For the oilfields in dispersed distribution in the marginal areas of Daqing, the low water-absorbing section needs an injection with a high delivery pressure and a low discharge capacity; another way is to install the submersible electric pump upside down, but because the submersible electric pump and the motor are underground, it is difficult for installation and maintenance. Introduced in this paper is the development and application of a surface high-pressure injection device with a submersible electric pump. Bysuccessful resolving some problems, such as the axial force of the submersible electric pump, sealing, level regulation of the pump, coaxiality and vibration, the device has the good points of running smoothly, moving easily, installation and maintains quickly and long period of running. This device can effectively solve the injection of the low water-absorbing section and of oilfields in dispersed locations. The recovery rate of oilfields is also enhanced.

化工用低温液氢泵密封相变性能分析及验证

低温液氢泵在石油、空分等装置中起着输送低温产品的作用,低温泵用机械密封是确保低温泵安全运转、影响低温泵工作性能的关键因素。为满足低温泵用机械密封长期可靠使用的要求,采用动压型非接触式机械密封方案,建立考虑相变的流固热耦合数值分析模型,对低温液氢泵密封的相变和密封特性进行分析,给出密封端面结构的推荐值;并通过试验验证数值模型的正确性。

“8”字形盘密封螺旋泵排液特性

圆盘密封螺旋泵具有排量大、磨损小、介质适应性强等优点,但其使用过程中存在振动大、不能实现完全的自驱动等问题。针对这些问题,提出“8”字形盘密封螺旋泵,基于其工作原理构建泵送过程的几何模型,建立“8”字形密封螺旋泵排液体积的数学模型,分析啮合副型面参数对排液过程工作特性的影响机制。结果表明:单个转动周期内螺杆增压段螺槽被密封盘分为两个腔室,“8”字形盘密封螺旋泵排液体积较同半径下的圆盘密封螺旋泵提高了约55.7%;排液体积随密封盘大圆半径、密封盘过渡圆弧半径、螺杆半径变化均呈近似正比例线性关系。

酸泵机械密封失效原因分析及改造措施探究

酸泵是酸再生系统中的关键设备,装机量几十台左右,主要作用为工艺系统内部酸液循环及供给酸轧线再生酸。在实际生产处理使用过程中,由于操作不规范、机械密封组件磨损老化、维护保养不到位、安装精度不达标等原因,造成酸泵机械密封频繁泄漏,严重影响生产顺稳,增大了检修人员的劳动强度,增加了备件采购成本。结合酸再生现场酸泵实际使用情况,对酸泵机械密封泄漏原因进行了探讨与分析,为如何解决问题提供了思路和方法。

轴向叠层回流泵送槽干气密封泄漏特性及其参数影响研究

为改善干气密封低速动压弱不易成膜以及高速膜厚大易泄漏的问题,在动环内部设置泵出槽并通过导流孔与端面泵入槽相连通,提出了1种轴向叠层回流泵送槽(简称:叠层泵出槽)干气密封新结构.基于ANSYS Fluent商用软件模拟获得了干气密封的流场和稳态性能,对比研究了叠层泵出槽、经典螺旋槽和人字槽干气密封的稳态性能,研究了叠层泵出槽干气密封泄漏率和回流量与转速、外腔压力以及气膜厚度之间的定性影响规律和定量关联模型,探讨了叠层泵出槽结构中的关键结构参数及其优选值.结果表明:相较于经典螺旋槽干气密封,叠层泵出槽干气密封零速时开启力提高5%,高速时泄漏率降低35%,其开启力对转速变化不敏感,泄漏率随转速增大而略有下降,是1种具有低速高承载及高速低泄漏优异特性和适用于高转速且小膜厚条件下的密封结构,叠层泵出槽的回流泵送能力受到转速、外腔压力和气膜厚度三者的综合影响,且主要受到泵出槽深度、螺旋角和导流孔径向位置的影响,当槽深0.1 mm<h_(r)<0.4 mm、螺旋角10°<α<20°和导流孔径向位置0.11<R<0.23时,该型式密封具有良好的回流泵送能力和较低的泄漏率.

基于位置特征和螺旋方向的柱面气膜密封槽型控漏能力评价

为探究轴套侧开槽新型柱面气膜密封在控制泄漏方面的能力,首先,采用有限差分法对不同位置特征和螺旋方向的新型柱面气膜密封槽型建立数值模型,通过对比各槽型气膜压力分布和密封性能参数,揭示位置特征和螺旋方向对不同槽型密封特性的影响机理。然后,针对反向“人”字槽型进行了参数化分析,探究螺旋槽角度、槽长坝长比、槽宽台宽比、槽深比对反向“人”字槽泄漏量、浮升力、摩擦力等密封性能参数的影响规律,同时对特定结构参数组合的反向“人”字槽逆流泵送控制泄漏的能力进行评价。结果表明:气膜厚度阶梯变化和偏心收敛楔效应在密封面形成高压气膜区域,有效阻止轴向泄漏,实现轴套侧开槽柱面气膜密封主泄漏通道的密封,且随着转速的增加,新型柱面气膜密封沿轴向间隙的泄漏量呈现下降趋势,该特性对于泄漏控制具有重要意义,特别是在高速运转的工况下。此外,通过合理的槽型参数调控可以使压差流造成的沿轴向间隙密封气体泄漏正好被反向“人”字槽逆流泵送作用导致的密封气体流动补偿,从而实现反向“人”字槽型柱面气膜密封的气体零泄漏甚至负泄漏,为柱面气膜密封槽型结构设计提供理论参考。

三代压水堆核主泵关键部件制造及工艺研究进展

核主泵作为反应堆冷却剂系统中唯一高速旋转的设备,其正常运行对于整个核电站的安全至关重要.长期以来,核主泵制造的安全性与可靠性一直是中国核电技术发展的“卡脖子”难题.近年来,得益于国家对核电技术基础研究的大力投入,以及依托重大课题项目的推进,中国三代压水堆核主泵国产化进程在各个方面都取得了重大成果.文中从核主泵制造及工艺的角度,深入剖析叶轮、泵壳、定子、转子、屏蔽套、密封、轴承等关键部件的发展历程,并针对各部件的材料选择、加工、装配工艺、检测方法及技术体系等进行详细分析,总结了中国核主泵的制造进度及难点.最后,结合当前核主泵制造的现状,提出中国核主泵制造发展的相关建议,这对中国核电事业的国产化进程具有重要意义.

海上油气田机泵机械密封泄漏信号检测方法设计

为避免出现大型海上油气田开采事故,保证机泵机械密封装置正常运行,提出针对海上油气田机泵机械密封的泄漏信号检测方法。利用小波包分解细化海上油气田机泵机械密封振动信号高频部分,运用希尔伯特变换重构信号,归一化处理信号矢量提取机械装置异常信号,使用匹配追踪法去除信号噪声。计算油体流动规律,通过音波评估信号波动范围,以温度与压力为前提,将高斯函数作为分类核函数,采用支持向量机构建泄漏信号检测判断函数,完成机械密封泄漏信号检测。实验结果表明:所提方法信号降噪能力较强,在保证机械密封泄漏检测准确性的同时,检测耗时最短,有效提高了海上油气田开采效率,可带来可观的经济收益。

泵用机械密封织构端面干摩擦磨损仿真及试验研究

为了减轻泵用机械密封端面在启停阶段和严重振动工况下的干摩擦磨损,对泵用机械密封织构端面进行了干摩擦磨损仿真及试验研究。首先,采用ANSYS软件建立了具有表面织构的动静环密封端面的瞬态有限元模型,基于Archard磨损理论,分析了不同织构分布间隔角度、边长和旋转角度下静环(石墨环)的磨损规律,得到了石墨环的磨损体积分布;然后,采用摩擦磨损试验机在干摩擦条件下对不同织构参数的密封环进行了磨损试验,得到了密封环磨损前后的表面形貌和石墨环的磨损质量;最后,对比分析了仿真和试验结果,讨论了不同织构参数对石墨环磨损质量的影响以及织构的减磨机理。研究结果表明:织构凹槽可以在容纳磨粒磨屑的同时生成石墨转移膜进而减轻磨损;减轻密封环端面磨损要求织构面积合适,足够容纳磨粒磨屑,同时不过分增大表面粗糙度;织构分布间隔角度每增大5°且边长每减小0.1 mm,石墨环的磨损质量平均减少约7.83%和7.35%。织构旋转角度每增大15°,石墨环的磨损质量平均增大约4.25%。所得研究结果可为泵用机械密封的表面织构设计提供较好的理论支撑,并提升泵用机械密封的耐磨性能。

双端面机械密封在双螺杆原油泵上的应用

基于原油库拆建工程项目,对双螺杆原油泵原采用的单端面金属波纹管机械密封改造为新型的带泵效环的背靠背双端面机械密封,并配套冷却循环辅助系统,经现场工业考核,背靠背双端面机械密封在双螺杆原油泵上得到良好应用。结果表明,新改造的双端面机械密封彻底解决了原密封存在的摩擦副磨损严重、泄漏量大、使用寿命短等问题,实现了工艺介质的零泄漏并确保设备长周期安全稳定运行。

核主泵用机械密封摩擦学性能研究进展

核主泵是核电厂的核心元件,核主泵机械密封在其中起到防止介质泄漏的作用。当前,我国核主泵密封装置相关技术和产品受到国外垄断限制,核主泵摩擦副在运行状态下泄漏严重破坏核电系统的稳定运行和长周期服役,其摩擦学性能直接影响核主泵的运行性能。对于动压式核主泵机械密封,若没有处于完全液膜润滑状态,密封装置会出现异常磨损和泄漏率增大导致核主泵故障。针对核主泵摩擦副的液膜特性,从数学模型计算和软件仿真两方面分析。对温度场、速度场和应力场等进行分析,总结了密封环及副密封材料、端面热变形对摩擦学性能的影响,概述了端面形状的动压润滑机理及波度面、槽型结构和加工方法等因素对摩擦磨损的影响,为核主泵密封性能的提高和可靠运行提供理论基础。

扩压式自泵送流体动压机械密封综合性能研究

扩压式自泵送流体动压机械密封作为1种新的密封结构形式具有优异的密封性能和广泛的应用前景.分别设计出具有等截面型扩压环槽、发散型扩压环槽、收敛型扩压环槽和圆弧型扩压环槽4种扩压式自泵送流体动压机械密封,引入综合评价因子η,通过Fluent数值模拟分别对其综合密封性能进行了分析.基于最佳的扩压环槽结构,通过正交试验,对密封面结构参数进行优化.结果表明:等截面型扩压式自泵送流体动压机械密封综合密封性能最优;在试验参数范围内,螺旋槽数Ng和密封环外径rk对泄漏率均有影响,且螺旋槽数Ng影响最为显著.密封环外径rk和螺旋角α对开启力均有影响,其中密封环外径rk的影响更为显著,随密封环外径的增大,开启力迅速增大.依据正交试验分析结果,对密封面结构参数进行了优化,在其他边界条件均不变的情况下,新的因素水平组合得到的泄漏率最低为0.784361 ml/h,此时开启力大小为3.958962 kN.

核主泵机械密封可靠性Bayes分析的适应性

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