Stable operation of highly loaded pure Si-Fe anode under ambient pressure via carboxy silane-directed robust solid electrolyte interphase

Incorporation of higher content Si anode material beyond 5 wt% to Li-ion batteries(LIBs)is challenging,owing to large volume change,swelling,and solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)instability issues.Herein,a strategy of diacetoxydimethylsilane(DAMS)additive-directed SEI stabilization is proposed for a stable operation of Si-0.33FeSi_(2)(named as Si-Fe)anode without graphite,which provides siloxane inorganics and organics enrichment that compensate insufficient passivation of fluoroethylene carbonate(FEC)additive and reduce a dependence on FEC.Unprecedented stable cycling performance of highly loaded(3.5 mA h cm^(-2))pure Si-Fe anode is achieved with 2 wt%DAMS combined with 9 wt%FEC additives under ambient pressure,yielding high capacity 1270 mA h g^(-1)at 0.5 C and significantly improved capacity retention of 81% after 100 cycles,whereas short circuit and rapid capacity fade occur with FEC only additive.DAMS-directed robust SEI layer dramatically suppresses swelling and particles crossover through separator,and therefore prevents short circuit,demonstrating a possible operation of pure Si or Sidominant anodes in the next-generation high-energy-density and safe LIBs.

Strongly Coupled Ag/Sn-SnO_(2)Nanosheets Toward CO_(2)Electroreduction to Pure HCOOH Solutions at Ampere‑Level Current

Electrocatalytic reduction of CO_(2) converts intermittent renewable electricity into value-added liquid products with an enticing prospect,but its practical application is hampered due to the lack of high-performance electrocatalysts.Herein,we elaborately design and develop strongly coupled nanosheets composed of Ag nanoparticles and Sn-SnO_(2) grains,designated as Ag/Sn-SnO_(2) nanosheets(NSs),which possess optimized electronic structure,high electrical conductivity,and more accessible sites.As a result,such a catalyst exhibits unprecedented catalytic performance toward CO_(2)-to-formate conversion with near-unity faradaic efficiency(≥90%),ultrahigh partial current density(2,000 mA cm^(−2)),and superior long-term stability(200 mA cm^(−2),200 h),surpassing the reported catalysts of CO_(2) electroreduction to formate.Additionally,in situ attenuated total reflection-infrared spectra combined with theoretical calculations revealed that electron-enriched Sn sites on Ag/Sn-SnO_(2)NSs not only promote the formation of*OCHO and alleviate the energy barriers of*OCHO to*HCOOH,but also impede the desorption of H*.Notably,the Ag/Sn-SnO_(2)NSs as the cathode in a membrane electrode assembly with porous solid electrolyte layer reactor can continuously produce~0.12 M pure HCOOH solution at 100 mA cm^(−2)over 200 h.This work may inspire further development of advanced electrocatalysts and innovative device systems for promoting practical application of producing liquid fuels from CO_(2).

Design and Analysis of Power and Transmission System of Downhole Pure Electric Command Vehicle

Electric vehicles use electric motors, which turn electrical energy into mechanical energy. As electric motors are conventionally used in all the industry, it is an established development site. It’s a mature technology with ideal power and torque curves for vehicular operation. Conventional vehicles use oil and gas as fuel or energy storage. Although they also have an excellent economic impact, the continuous use of oil and gas threatened the world’s reservation of total oil and gas. Also, they emit carbon dioxide and some toxic ingredients through the vehicle’s tailpipe, which causes the greenhouse effect and seriously impacts the environment. So, as an alternative, electric car refers to a green technology of decarbonization with zero emission of greenhouse gases through the tailpipe. So, they can remove the problem of greenhouse gas emissions and solve the world’s remaining non-renewable energy storage problem. Pure electric vehicles (PEV) can be applied in all spheres, but their special implementation can only be seen in downhole operations. They are used for low noise and less pollution in the downhole process. In this study, the basic structure of the pure electric command vehicle is studied, the main components of the command vehicle power system, namely the selection of the drive motor and the power battery, are analyzed, and the main parameters of the drive motor and the power battery are designed and calculated. The checking calculation results show that the power and transmission system developed in this paper meets the design requirements, and the design scheme is feasible and reasonable.

Underlying mechanisms of variation in yield asymmetry and strain hardening behavior of extruded pure Mg with Gd addition

Effects of Gd addition on the strain hardening behavior and yield asymmetry of pure Mg are investigated by subjecting extruded pure Mg,Mg–5Gd,and Mg–15Gd(all in wt%)to tension and compression tests along the extrusion direction(ED).As the amount of Gd added to pure Mg increases,the basal texture tilts toward the ED and the distribution of c-axes of grains becomes randomized.Under tension,the strain hardening rates of all the materials decrease until fracture.However,under compression,the strain hardening rate increases in the early stage of deformation in pure Mg and Mg–5Gd,whereas it continuously decreases in Mg–15Gd.Pure Mg exhibits considerably high tension-compression yield asymmetry,with a compressive yield strength(CYS)to tensile yield strength(TYS)ratio of 0.4.In contrast,Mg–5Gd exhibits excellent yield symmetry with CYS/TYS of 0.9 and Mg–15Gd exhibits reversed yield asymmetry with CYS/TYS of 1.2.Underlying mechanisms of these drastically different Gd-addition-induced deformation behaviors of the materials are discussed in terms of the crystallographic distribution of grains and the relative activation stresses of basal slip,prismatic slip,pyramidal slip,and{10–12}twinning under tension and compression.

Tension-Compression Asymmetry in Ultrafine-grained Commercially Pure Ti Processed by ECAP

A homogenous microstructure of ultrafine-grained (UFG) commercially pure (CP) Ti characterized by equiaxed grains/subgrains with an average grain size of about 150 nm and strong prismatic fiber texture were obtained after 4 passes of equal channel angular pressing (ECAP).Tension–compression asymmetry in yield and work hardening behavior of UFG CP Ti were investigated by uniaxial tension and compression tests.The experimental results reveal that UFG CP Ti exhibits a relatively obvious tensioncompression asymmetry in yielding and work hardening behavior.The basal and prismaticslip are suppressed either for tension or compression,which is the easiest to activate.The tension twin system{1012}<1011> easily activated in compression deformation due to the prismatic fiber texture based on the Schmidt factor,consequently resulting in a lower yield strength under compression than tension.ECAP can improve the tension-compression asymmetry of CP Ti due to grain refinement.The interaction among the dislocations,grain boundaries and deformation twins are the main work hardening mechanisms for compression deformation,while the interaction between the dislocations and grain boundaries for tension deformation.Deformation twins lead to the higher work hardening under compression than tension.

Effect of Strain Ratio on Fatigue Model of Ultra-fine Grained Pure Titanium

The ultra-fine grained(UFG)pure titanium was prepared by equal channel angular pressing(ECAP)and rotary swaging(RS).The strain controlled low cycle fatigue(LCF)test was carried out at room temperature.The fatigue life prediction model and mean stress relaxation model under asymmetrical stress load were discussed.The results show that the strain ratio has a significant effect on the low cycle fatigue performance of the UFG pure titanium,and the traditional Manson-coffin model can not accurately predict the fatigue life under asymmetric stress load.Therefore,the SWT mean stress correction model and three-parameter power curve model are proposed,and the test results are verified.The final research shows that the threeparameter power surface model has better representation.By studying the mean stress relaxation phenomenon under the condition of R≠-1,it is revealed that the stress ratio and the strain amplitude are the factors that significantly afiect the mean stress relaxation rate,and the mean stress relaxation model with the two variables is calculated to describe the mean stress relaxation phenomenon of the UFG pure titanium under different strain ratios.The fracture morphology of the samples was observed by SEM,and it was concluded that the final fracture zone of the fatigue fracture of the UFG pure titanium was a mixture of ductile fracture and quasi cleavage fracture.The toughness of the material increases with the increase of strain ratio at the same strain amplitude.

Effect of Soursop Puree and Gum Arabic on the Sensory Properties of Non-Dairy Coconut Milk-Based Ice Cream

Coconut (Cocos nucifera) milk-based ice cream is one of the innovative non-dairy milk products gaining popularity among consumers. The objective was to develop coconut milk-based ice cream incorporated with soursop (Annona muricata) fruit puree and gum Arabic from Acacia senegal var. kerensis, conduct a sensory evaluation using descriptive tests by trained panelists (n = 9) then evaluate for consumer acceptability by semi trained panelists (n = 30). A seven-point hedonic scale for colour, taste, flavour, texture and overall acceptability was used. The data obtained was subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the means were separated to determine their significance differences. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was done for factor reduction to make it easy for the multi-dimensional descriptive data to be interpreted. PCA results indicated that unit increase in soursop and gum Arabic in the ice cream led to 83.1% increase in starchy taste, 78.3% increase in consistency and 73.6% decrease in coconut aroma. For consumer acceptability test, the obtained results showed that, soursop puree addition at successive levels led to a statistically significant effect (p < 0.05) on colour, flavour, texture, taste and overall acceptability while of gum Arabic incorporation was not significant (p > 0.05) for all attributes. The effect due to interaction between gum Arabic and soursop puree at the different levels however was significant for colour, flavour and texture but not significant for taste and overall acceptability. Our results therefore point to a potential application of soursop fruit and gum Arabic as alternative ingredients in the manufacture of a non-dairy ice cream with desirable sensory properties that would expand the variety of options consumers can choose from.

Philosophical Matrix as a System of Categories of Pure Mind

The article is a study devoted to the development of the concept of the philosophical matrix as a system of categories of pure reason.The author proposes a new approach to understanding the philosophical system of categories by putting forward unambiguous comparative concepts that serve as the basis for natural sciences.While the foundations of specific sciences are the concepts of“practical reason”,the author finds the categories of“pure reason”to be the foundations of philosophy,understood as“knowledge of the universal”.The article shows that relying on the senses and the concepts of“practical reason”allows for the verification of knowledge,while their generalization,removed from knowledge obtained empirically,gives categories of“pure reason”,which are accepted as the building material of the matrix.In this way,the author proposes a new system of philosophical categories that describes the fundamental aspects of human reasoning and its interaction with the world.At the same time,the categories of the philosophical matrix are not related to such ambiguous classificatory concepts as space,time,being,existence,consciousness,and others.The article draws attention to the fact that the matrix can be used not only to analyze philosophical theories but also to develop new concrete scientific approaches,for example,for the intellectual development of children.In addition,the article suggests the possibility of applying the philosophical matrix in other areas of the humanities,including psychology,linguistics,and sociology.As a result of the conducted research,the human intellect is divided into three ascending stages,designated by me in the following words-reason,mind,and wisdom,with the subsequent use of these concepts in philosophy and other fields of knowledge.

An Investigation of Purely Azimuthal Passive Localization and Position Adjustment in Attempted UAV Formation Flights

When a cluster of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is flying in formation, it is crucial to maintain the formation and not to be interfered by external electromagnetic wave signals. In order to maintain the formation, this paper proposes to use pure azimuth passive positioning to adjust the position of UAVs, i.e., certain UAVs in the formation transmit signals, the rest of the UAVs receive the signals passively, and extract the orientation information from them to adjust the position of the UAVs [1] [2] [3]. In this paper, the position adjustment problem of UAVs in “circular” formation flight under three models is investigated. To address the problem of “how to obtain the position of the receiving UAV when there are two UAVs with known numbers and evenly distributed on the circumference in addition to the UAV transmitting at the known center of the circle, and the rest of the UAVs with slight deviations in their positions are receiving the signals”, two purely mathematical geometric methods, namely, triangular localization method and polar co-ordinate method, are proposed respectively. We have determined the position of the receiving UAV;we have used the exhaustive method and the construction and disproof method to solve the problem of “how many UAVs are needed to transmit signals in order to realize the effective positioning of the UAVs when it is known that a certain UAV with a slight deviation in its position receives the signals emitted by two UAVs at the same time”, and the results show that: in addition to the known signals emitted by two UAVs, it is also necessary to transmit the signals emitted by two UAVs. The results show that in addition to the known two UAVs transmitting signals, two additional UAVs are required to transmit signals for precise po-sitioning. When the position of UAVs has deviation at the initial moment, the ideal approximation method and the target delimitation method are pro-posed, and the target of nine UAVs uniformly distributed on a circle of a spe-cific radius is achieved through several adjustments, after which the ad-vantages and disadvantages of each model are analyzed, and suggestions for improvement are put forward. The purely azimuthal passive localization method and the constructed model approach proposed in this paper can be extended to other fields, such as spacecraft formations in space and battle-ship formations at sea, as well as other formation flight position adjustment problems.

Optimization of Process Parameters of Continuous Microwave Drying Raspberry Puree Based on RSM and ANN-GA

To improve drying uniformity and anthocyanin content of the raspberry puree dried in a continuous microwave dryer,the effects of process parameters(microwave intensity,air velocity,and drying time)on evaluation indexes(average temperature,average moisture content,average retention rate of the total anthocyanin content,temperature contrast value,and moisture dispersion value)were investigated via the response surface method(RSM)and the artificial neural network(ANN)with genetic algorithm(GA).The results showed that the microwave intensity and drying time dominated the changes of evaluation indexes.Overall,the ANN model was superior to the RSM model with better estimation ability,and higher drying uniformity and anthocyanin retention rate were achieved for the ANN-GA model compared with RSM.The optimal parameters were microwave intensity of 5.53 W•g^(-1),air velocity of 1.22 m·s^(-1),and drying time of 5.85 min.This study might provide guidance for process optimization of microwave drying berry fruits.

ABSOLUTELY E-PURE MODULES AND E-PURE SPLIT MODULES

We first introduce the concepts of absolutely E-pure modules and E-pure split modules. Then, we characterize the IF rings in terms of absolutely E-pure modules. The E-pure split modules are also characterized.

Late recurrence of localized pure seminoma in prostate gland:A case report

BACKGROUND Late relapses of early-stage germ cell tumors are rare.Most patients(-85%)with stage I seminoma are cured by radical orchiectomy.The detection of late relapse is challenging given the relative rarity of this phenomenon,and the fact that patients who have completed surveillance are usually not undergoing regular oncologic workup nor imaging.While many treatment options do exist for a patient with late relapse of seminoma,surgery is typically the mainstay as these tumors are generally thought to be more chemo-resistant.CASE SUMMARY In this article,we describe the management of a patient with an early-stage pure seminoma who was subsequently identified to have a recurrence two decades later.We provide a review of the literature not only focused on clinical factors and biology,but also the management of late recurrences specifically in pure seminoma and in prostate gland.CONCLUSION There is a paucity of data and treatment recommendations for this clinical entity,and a multidisciplinary approach emphasizing subspecialty expert consultation and patient education is imperative.

Pure Sperm梯度离心法和上游法处理精液效果的比较

目的 比较PureSperm(硅烷化硅胶悬浮液)梯度密度离心法和Earel’s液上游法处理精液在体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF -ET)中的应用情况。方法 4 5例丈夫精液密度(2 0～4 0 )×10 6/ml,a级精子比例<15 %或精液量少于1ml者用PureSperm处理,其余用Earel’s液上游法处理。结果 处理后两种方法均可以显著性提高精子的总活力、a级精子率。梯离组和上游组畸形精子率分别为:6 8 8% ,75 1% ,与处理前81 2 %比显著降低,但两种方法之间的降低程度无差别(P >0 0 5 )。梯离法在总活动精子回收率及a级精子的获得方面优于上游法(P <0 0 5 )。PureSperm组与上游组的受精率分别为6 8% ,70 1% (P均>0 0 5 ) ,无统计学差异,胚胎发育潜能:卵裂率、优胚率、着床率、临床妊娠率、流产率也均无统计学差异。结论 相对于稍差者的精液来说,用PureSperm梯度密度离心处理效果更佳;PureSperm对胚胎的毒性作用极小,不影响IVF -ET的结局,在IVF -ET技术中可以安全使用。

超声MicroPure成像对BI-RADS4级的乳腺肿块微钙化检出的价值

目的评价应用超声Micro Pure成像技术对BI-RADS分级为4级的乳腺肿块中微钙化的检测价值。方法对56例发现乳腺肿块并且BI-RADS分级为4级的患者分别应用X线钼靶、传统灰阶超声及Micro Pure成像技术进行肿块微钙化的检测,以钼靶为金标准,对传统灰阶超声和Micro Pure检测结果进行比较。同时结合术后病理结果进行分析。结果56例乳腺肿块中,钼靶发现43个病灶有微钙化,传统灰阶超声发现其中22个病灶有微钙化,Micro Pure成像技术发现40个病灶有微钙化。传统灰阶超声检测病灶内部及周边微钙化的敏感性为51.2%,特异性为92.3%,ROC曲线下面积为0.717;Micro Pure成像技术检测病灶内部及周边微钙化的敏感性为93.0%,特异性为100.0%,ROC曲线下面积为0.965。结论在BI-RADS分级为4级的乳腺肿块微钙化的检测中,超声Micro Pure成像技术明显优于传统灰阶超声,有助于乳腺癌的临床诊断。

超声Micro Pure成像技术在乳腺单纯微钙化检出的应用价值

目的:通过比较灰阶成像与Micro Pure成像对乳腺单纯微钙化的检测,探讨Micro Pure成像技术在乳腺单纯微钙化的应用价值。方法:25例乳腺钼靶X线摄影表现为单纯微钙化的患者行乳腺高频超声灰阶成像和Micro Pure成像,由2名医生独立、盲法观察、计算微钙化灶数目、形态及其分布,以钼靶检查结果为参照标准。结果:灰阶成像微钙化灶检出率53%,平均微钙化数(2.1±1.1)个;Micro Pure成像微钙化灶检出率87%,平均微钙化数(3.5±1.7)个,两种成像方法比较差异均有显著性(P<0.05);Micro Pure成像微钙化均显示为点状强回声,多成簇状分布;灰阶成像检测微钙化组内相关系数为0.48,Micro Pure成像为0.78。结论:Micro Pure成像对乳腺单纯微钙化检出优于灰阶成像;与常规超声结合是乳腺检查的较好选择。

一种新的用于探测Pure Reed-Muller逻辑的算法

提出一种新的判断任意给定函数是否可由Pure Reed-Muller(PRM)逻辑来实现的探测算法,这对减少电路面积和降低功耗具有重要意义.该算法与相关文献相比,能在函数判断的同时完成表达式的给定,并适用于5变量以上的函数,且不增加其运算的复杂度.通过理论论证,给出了相应的判断条件和表达式的给定规则;最后通过Benchmark标准电路的测试,验证了本算法的正确性.

基于PURE-LET的激光光斑图像快速去噪算法

煤矿井下低照度成像环境会导致图像中产生泊松噪声,将引起激光光斑图像的强度和形状分布的不确定性,从而影响激光三角测距的精度。提出了一种基于PURE-LET(Poisson Unbiased Risk Estimator-Linear Expansion of Threshholds)的煤位表面激光光斑图像的快速小波域去噪算法。给出了泊松噪声下小波系数估计MSE(Mean Squared Error)的一个无偏估计子PURE,并将小波系数估计子写作一组基本阈值函数的线性组合以提高算法速度。仿真图像与真实煤仓图像的实验显示,与3种典型图像去噪算法(BayesShrink,Poisson_NLMeans,PURE-LET)相比,提出的PURELET-Smooth算法具有更好的噪声抑制能力,同时具有保持图像边缘结构和快速计算的特点,这在实时光斑质心精确计算和三角测距应用中是一个明显优势。此外此算法具有阈值函数组合系数的快速自动计算特点,适用于自动煤位检测应用。

超声Micro Pure成像技术在甲状腺乳头状癌中的应用价值

目的利用超声Micro Pure成像技术对微钙化检测的灵敏性及特异性,探讨该技术在检测甲状腺乳头状癌微钙化中的应用价值。方法收集经手术病理证实的46例甲状腺乳头状癌患者,均于术前分别行常规超声及Micro Pure成像技术,观察病灶内有无微钙化及微钙化的数目及分布特点。结果 46例甲状腺乳头状癌患者中,超声Micro Pure成像技术检出42例(170枚)微钙化灶,常规灰阶检出29例(84枚)微钙化灶;在微钙化的分布上,超声Micro Pure成像技术显示微钙化呈"簇状"分布者26例,而常规灰阶超声显示"簇状"微钙化者11例。结论超声Micro Pure成像技术可清晰显示出甲状腺乳头状癌内微钙化的数目及分布形态,对提高甲状腺乳头状癌的诊断具有一定的价值。

PURE射孔技术在渤海油田试验应用分析

针对PURE射孔技术的工艺原理和技术特点进行阐述,分析了工具的结构原理和技术参数的选择,利用该射孔技术在试验井上进行了成功应用。现场实践证明,在低渗透油层使用该项技术能够达到很好的效果。该项技术具有安全、环保、高效等特点,能够满足一次多层射孔的大规模完井作业要求。

超声Micro Pure成像技术检测甲状腺结节微钙化应用价值

研究显示[1],微钙化对甲状腺癌诊断的特异性为85％～94％,但其敏感性仅为36％～59％.本研究在常规超声检查的基础上使用超声Micro Pure成像技术,观察超声Micro Pure成像技术对甲状腺结节内微钙化的检测能力及该技术在甲状腺结节的良恶性诊断中的应用价值.